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Author: Sana Shaghaghian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Effervescent atomization in quiescent air and in a subsonic crossflow are experimentally studied. The spray angle of an effervescent atomizer with an elliptical orifice is measured by employing the shadowgraph technique. Spray images were captured from both the minor and major axis views. The gas-liquid mass flow rate ratio (GLR) is in the range of 0.55-2.55 %. It is found that an increase in the aeration level results in an increase in the spray angle from both minor and major axis views. The results indicate that the spray angle from the minor axis view is wider than that from the major axis view and the difference increases as GLR rises. Furthermore, the effervescent atomization in a gaseous crossflow is studied using circular and elliptical orifices with aspect ratios of 1, 3, and 0.3. Gas-liquid mass flow rate ratio varies between (0-7%) and liquid-air momentum flux ratio,q, is in the range of 2-23. The high-speed shadowgraph technique and image processing were utilized to visualize the spray trajectory and measure the spray penetration height. Moreover, an empirical correlation is developed as a function of GLR, q, aspect ratio and downstream location. Additionally, the laser diffraction technique is employed to analyze the spray droplet size distribution in a crossflow.
Author: Sana Shaghaghian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Effervescent atomization in quiescent air and in a subsonic crossflow are experimentally studied. The spray angle of an effervescent atomizer with an elliptical orifice is measured by employing the shadowgraph technique. Spray images were captured from both the minor and major axis views. The gas-liquid mass flow rate ratio (GLR) is in the range of 0.55-2.55 %. It is found that an increase in the aeration level results in an increase in the spray angle from both minor and major axis views. The results indicate that the spray angle from the minor axis view is wider than that from the major axis view and the difference increases as GLR rises. Furthermore, the effervescent atomization in a gaseous crossflow is studied using circular and elliptical orifices with aspect ratios of 1, 3, and 0.3. Gas-liquid mass flow rate ratio varies between (0-7%) and liquid-air momentum flux ratio,q, is in the range of 2-23. The high-speed shadowgraph technique and image processing were utilized to visualize the spray trajectory and measure the spray penetration height. Moreover, an empirical correlation is developed as a function of GLR, q, aspect ratio and downstream location. Additionally, the laser diffraction technique is employed to analyze the spray droplet size distribution in a crossflow.
Author: Nasser Ashgriz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441972641
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 922
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Book Description
Atomization and sprays are used in a wide range of industries: mechanical, chemical, aerospace, and civil engineering; material science and metallurgy; food; pharmaceutical, forestry, environmental protection; medicine; agriculture; meteorology and others. Some specific applications are spray combustion in furnaces, gas turbines and rockets, spray drying and cooling, air conditioning, powdered metallurgy, spray painting and coating, inhalation therapy, and many others. The Handbook of Atomization and Sprays will bring together the fundamental and applied material from all fields into one comprehensive source. Subject areas included in the reference are droplets, theoretical models and numerical simulations, phase Doppler particle analysis, applications, devices and more.
Author: Hamed Farshchi Tabrizi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 582
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Author: Seyed Milad Mousavi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Atomization is a process where the bulk of liquid jet disintegrates into liquid sheets, ligaments and droplets. It has enormous applications in industries and processes such as combustion, heat transfer systems, transport, biological systems and particularly our interest, coating processes. The Effervescent nozzle is a type of twin-fluid atomizer and has shown a superior performance in handling and spraying different liquids without any clogging issues; which is particularly interesting in thermal spray. In spite of significant number of experimental works, a few numerical works have been carried out. That makes it crucial to conduct a comprehensive numerical study on Effervescent atomizer. The complex internal and external behaviors of Effervescent atomizer are governing the behavior of the flow. The latter is a turbulent and compressible multiphase flow. It is studied numerically by employing a three-dimensional compressible Eulerian method along with Volume of Fluid (VOF) surface-tracking method coupled with the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model. The numerical study is conducted by using OpenFoam library, an open-source package introduced by Open-CFD. In this study, the effect of varying the gas to liquid ratio (GLR) and the suspension (i.e. effect of viscosity, density and surface tension), on the structure of internal flow and consequently, the external flow is studied numerically. It is observed that the increase in GLR is accompanied with an evolution of the internal flow from a complex bubbly flow to an annular flow. This reduces the liquid film thickness at the discharge orifice. Further studies on internal pressure illustrated the critical condition, choked flow and pressure oscillations at the discharge orifice. The examination of increasing the GLR and evolving of internal flow resulted in changing in primary atomization parameters such as shortening the breakup length and widening the spray cone angle. Furthermore, the existence of a slip velocity between the two phases in the external flow results in dominant aerodynamic forces at high GLRs. Moreover, alternation of the liquid properties illustrated the higher spray velocity and wider cone angle of the spray, which demonstrates the superior performance of the Effervescent atomizer.
Author: Arthur H. Lefebvre
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420086057
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
Reflecting the developments in gas turbine combustion technology that have occurred in the last decade, Gas Turbine Combustion: Alternative Fuels and Emissions, Third Edition provides an up-to-date design manual and research reference on the design, manufacture, and operation of gas turbine combustors in applications ranging from aeronautical to po
Author: Ian Colbeck
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119977924
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
AEROSOL SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Aerosols influence many areas of our daily life. They are at the core of environmental problems such as global warming, photochemical smog and poor air quality. They can also have diverse effects on human health, where exposure occurs in both outdoor and indoor environments. However, aerosols can have beneficial effects too; the delivery of drugs to the lungs, the delivery of fuels for combustion and the production of nanomaterials all rely on aerosols. Advances in particle measurement technologies have made it possible to take advantage of rapid changes in both particle size and concentration. Likewise, aerosols can now be produced in a controlled fashion. Reviewing many technological applications together with the current scientific status of aerosol modelling and measurements, this book includes: Satellite aerosol remote sensing The effects of aerosols on climate change Air pollution and health Pharmaceutical aerosols and pulmonary drug delivery Bioaerosols and hospital infections Particle emissions from vehicles The safety of emerging nanomaterials Radioactive aerosols: tracers of atmospheric processes With the importance of this topic brought to the public's attention after the eruption of the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull, this book provides a timely, concise and accessible overview of the many facets of aerosol science.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319266947
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This Handbook provides researchers, faculty, design engineers in industrial R&D, and practicing engineers in the field concise treatments of advanced and more-recently established topics in thermal science and engineering, with an important emphasis on micro- and nanosystems, not covered in earlier references on applied thermal science, heat transfer or relevant aspects of mechanical/chemical engineering. Major sections address new developments in heat transfer, transport phenomena, single- and multiphase flows with energy transfer, thermal-bioengineering, thermal radiation, combined mode heat transfer, coupled heat and mass transfer, and energy systems. Energy transport at the macro-scale and micro/nano-scales is also included. The internationally recognized team of authors adopt a consistent and systematic approach and writing style, including ample cross reference among topics, offering readers a user-friendly knowledgebase greater than the sum of its parts, perfect for frequent consultation. The Handbook of Thermal Science and Engineering is ideal for academic and professional readers in the traditional and emerging areas of mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, aerospace engineering, bioengineering, electronics fabrication, energy, and manufacturing concerned with the influence thermal phenomena.
Author: Ethirajan Rathakrishnan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315394855
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 613
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Book Description
Mechanical engineers involved with flow mechanics have long needed an authoritative reference that delves into all the essentials required for experimentation in fluids, a resource that can provide fundamental review, as well as the details necessary for experimentation on everything from household appliances to hi-tech rockets. Instrumentation, Measurements, and Experiments in Fluids meets this challenge, as its author is not only a highly respected pioneer in fluids, but also possesses twenty years experience teaching students of all levels. He clearly explains fundamental principles as well the tools and methods essential for advanced experimentation. Reflecting an awe for flow mechanics, along with a deep-rooted knowledge, the author has assembled a fourteen chapter volume that is destined to become a seminal work in the field. Providing ample detail for self study and the sort of elegant writing rarely found in so thorough a treatment, he provides insight into all the vital topics and issues associated with the devices and instruments used for fluid mechanics and gas dynamics experiments. Extremely organized, this work presents easy access to the principles behind the science and goes on to elucidate the current research and findings needed by those seeking to make further advancement. Unique and Thorough Coverage of Uncertainty Analysis The author provides valuable insight into the vital issues associated with the devices used in fluid mechanics and gas dynamics experiments. Leaving nothing to doubt, he tackles the most difficult concepts and ends the book with an introduction to uncertainty analysis. Structured and detailed enough for self study, this volume also provides the backbone for both undergraduate and graduate courses on fluids experimentation.
