Effects of Processing Supplemental Corn on Metabolizable Protein of Beef Cows Consuming Low-quality Forage PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Effects of Processing Supplemental Corn on Metabolizable Protein of Beef Cows Consuming Low-quality Forage PDF full book. Access full book title Effects of Processing Supplemental Corn on Metabolizable Protein of Beef Cows Consuming Low-quality Forage by Jesus J. Figueroa Zamudio. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Jesus J. Figueroa Zamudio
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 70
Get Book Here
Book Description
Six ruminally and duodenally cannulated Angus cross bred cows (680 ± 47.1 kg of initial BW) were utilized in a crossover design to evaluate the effects of method of processing supplemental corn on forage intake, digestive function, metabolizable protein, and ruminal fermentation. Cows were maintained in individual pens (5 x 4 m) and offered hay and corn at 0700. Hay was offered to ensure ad libitum intake and 10% feed refusal daily. Corn grain was supplemented at 0.2% of BW (as fed basis) and placed directly into the rumen through the ruminal cannula. Bluestem hay (Bothriochloa ischaemum; 5.7% CP, 69.4% NDF, and 11.49% ash, DM basis) was offered after corn supplementation. Treatments consisted of 1) ground corn (GC) and steam-flaked corn (SF). Experiment consisted of 2 experimental periods in which 9 d were for adaptation and 4 for rumen fluid, duodenal, and fecal samples collection. Hay DM intake and total DM intake were greater (P = 0.04) for GC than for SF. Also, intake of CP (P = 0.02), NDF (P = 0.04) were greater and starch intake (P = 0.01) was lower for GC than SF. The flow of nutrients to the duodenum (P ≥ 0.11) was not affected by corn processing method with the exception of starch which was greater (P = 0.01) for GC than SF, and therefore starch ruminal digestion was greater (P = 0.01) for SF. Microbial efficiency was not affected (P = 0.11) by corn processing method. Total tract digestion of DM (P = 0.007), OM (P = 0.09) and NDF (P = 0.11) tended to be lower, while total tract digestion of starch (P = 0.02) was greater for SF than GC. Ruminal pH, total VFA production, and ammonia concentration were not affected (P ≥ 0.18) by corn processing method. However, the proportion of acetate (P = 0.01; 74.4, and 71.7 ± 0.77 mol/100 moles) was greater, propionate (P = 0.06; 14.8, and 17.2 ± 0.81 mol/100 moles), and butyrate (P = 0.05; 7.2, and 8.3 ± 0.32 mol/100 moles) were lower for GC than for SF. Supplemental SF decreased low-quality forage intake without negatively impacting microbial protein and feed protein supply to the duodenum. Keywords: grain processing, low-quality forage, metabolizable protein, steam flaked corn
Author: Jesus J. Figueroa Zamudio
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 70
Get Book Here
Book Description
Six ruminally and duodenally cannulated Angus cross bred cows (680 ± 47.1 kg of initial BW) were utilized in a crossover design to evaluate the effects of method of processing supplemental corn on forage intake, digestive function, metabolizable protein, and ruminal fermentation. Cows were maintained in individual pens (5 x 4 m) and offered hay and corn at 0700. Hay was offered to ensure ad libitum intake and 10% feed refusal daily. Corn grain was supplemented at 0.2% of BW (as fed basis) and placed directly into the rumen through the ruminal cannula. Bluestem hay (Bothriochloa ischaemum; 5.7% CP, 69.4% NDF, and 11.49% ash, DM basis) was offered after corn supplementation. Treatments consisted of 1) ground corn (GC) and steam-flaked corn (SF). Experiment consisted of 2 experimental periods in which 9 d were for adaptation and 4 for rumen fluid, duodenal, and fecal samples collection. Hay DM intake and total DM intake were greater (P = 0.04) for GC than for SF. Also, intake of CP (P = 0.02), NDF (P = 0.04) were greater and starch intake (P = 0.01) was lower for GC than SF. The flow of nutrients to the duodenum (P ≥ 0.11) was not affected by corn processing method with the exception of starch which was greater (P = 0.01) for GC than SF, and therefore starch ruminal digestion was greater (P = 0.01) for SF. Microbial efficiency was not affected (P = 0.11) by corn processing method. Total tract digestion of DM (P = 0.007), OM (P = 0.09) and NDF (P = 0.11) tended to be lower, while total tract digestion of starch (P = 0.02) was greater for SF than GC. Ruminal pH, total VFA production, and ammonia concentration were not affected (P ≥ 0.18) by corn processing method. However, the proportion of acetate (P = 0.01; 74.4, and 71.7 ± 0.77 mol/100 moles) was greater, propionate (P = 0.06; 14.8, and 17.2 ± 0.81 mol/100 moles), and butyrate (P = 0.05; 7.2, and 8.3 ± 0.32 mol/100 moles) were lower for GC than for SF. Supplemental SF decreased low-quality forage intake without negatively impacting microbial protein and feed protein supply to the duodenum. Keywords: grain processing, low-quality forage, metabolizable protein, steam flaked corn
Author: Gregory Everett Catlett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069343
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 249
Get Book Here
Book Description
As members of the public becomes more concious of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.
Author: Tryon Atley Wickersham
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 318
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Pierre Cronjé
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 9780851997124
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 492
Get Book Here
Book Description
The International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology (ISRP) is the premier forum for presentation and discussion of advances in knowledge of the physiology of ruminant animals. This book brings together edited versions of the keynote review papers presented at the symposium.
Author: Jamie Kunkel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
In many pasture and rangeland scenarios, low-quality forages (6-8% CP) are the primary energy source for some portion of the year. At these times, energy is typically the first limiting nutrient to the ruminant. Low-quality forages are generally not limited in availability; however, the high cell wall content and reduced levels of CP prevent ruminants from being able to extract the harvested energy. Without provision of supplemental nutrients, the available energy may be inadequate to meet performance expectations. Protein supplementation during periods of inadequate forage quality has been observed to alleviate ruminal nitrogen deficiencies and increase forage utilization. Increased forage utilization translates into greater energy extraction allowing for increased animal performance. The first trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of utilizing non-protein nitrogen (a slow-release urea compared to urea) on intake and digestion of beef steers consuming low-quality bermudagrass hay. Steers were provided ad libitum access to a low-quality bermudagrass hay (7.3 % CP and were ruminally dosed once daily with either urea or slow-release urea (SRU) at levels to provide 0, 64, 128, or 192 mg of N/kg of initial BW per day. Additionally, steers were supplemented with glycerol at levels of 0 or 0.1% of initial BW per day. Total OMI and forage OMI (FOMI) increased quadratically (P
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1836
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Eric Arthur Bailey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Two experiments quantified effects of supplemental protein and energy on forage digestion and urea kinetics in beef cattle. In experiment 1, energy treatments included: control, 600 g glucose dosed ruminally once daily, and 480 g VFA infused ruminally over 8 h daily. Casein was dosed ruminally once daily (120 or 240 g). Cattle (208 kg) had ad libitum access to low-quality hay (5.8% protein). Infusion of VFA decreased forage intake by 27%. Glucose decreased NDF digestibility. Microbial N flow was greater for 240 than for 120 g/d casein, but was not affected by energy. Retained N increased with casein supply. Urea-N entry rate (UER) and gut entry of urea-N (GER) were not affected by energy, casein, or interactions, but GER/UER was less when 240 rather than 120 g/d casein was provided. Compared to VFA, glucose tended to increase GER/UER. Glucose led to more microbial uptake of recycled urea than VFA. In these young calves, changes in N and energy supply did not greatly impact urea kinetics, likely because increased N was largely retained. In experiment 2, treatments included: 0 or 1.2 kg glucose, and 240 or 480 g casein. Cattle (391 kg) were fed low-quality hay (4.7% protein). Glucose reduced forage intake by 18%, whereas casein did not affect it, and depressed fiber digestion. Microbial N flow to the duodenum and retained N increased as casein increased, but neither was affected by glucose. Increasing casein increased UER 50%. Urinary urea-N increased as casein increased; moreover, GER numerically increased 25% as casein increased. GER/UER decreased as casein increased. Glucose decreased urinary urea, but did not change UER or GER. Microbial uptake of recycled urea was least for steers receiving 480 g/d casein with no glucose, reflecting that this treatment exceeded ruminal requirement for N. In these more mature steers, increases in N intake increased UER, reflecting that only small proportions of the increased N intake were retained. Thus, as steer maturity increased, UER and GER increased, likely because less N was retained. These studies demonstrate the influence of urea recycling in meeting N needs of cattle fed low-quality forage.
Author: J. Santos Serrato Corona
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Ollie Ezekiel Reed
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alfalfa silage
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
