Effects of Elevated Dietary Energy and Protein During Late Gestation on Mammary Development in Gilts PDF Download
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Author: William C. Weldon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mammary glands
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Author: William C. Weldon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mammary glands
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Author: Kimberly Ann Howard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Porcine somatotropin
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Author: G.J.M.M. de LIMA
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 85
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Book Description
Sixty-nine crossbred gilts were utilized, over three consecutive parities, to evaluate the effects of increasing the feed intake in late gestation and lipid supplementation of maternal diets during lactation on sow and litter performance. In a complete randomized design, within a 2 x 2 factorial, all sows were fed 2.0 kg/day of a control corn-soybean meal diet (CS) with 3203 Kcal ME/kg from breeding to day 105 of gestation. From this day until parturition, half of the sows continued to receive 2.0 kg/day of CS diet while the others were fed same diet ad libitum. Following parturition and throughout lactation, sows from each gestation group were fed ad libitum either the control diet (CS) or a corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with 5% soybean oil (CSO) that provided 3400 KCal ME/kg. A total of 72 piglets divided equally between treatment and parity were slaughtered, 36 at birth and 36 at 48 hours later to determine the effects on neonatal energy reserves. Sows fed ad libitum in late gestation consumed 4.72 kg/day in that period. This higher (P0.0001) nutrient intake, compared to 2.0 kg/day, was utilized to increase maternal weight gain (P0.0001) rather than increase liver glycogen and carcass fat of piglets (P0.10). Birth weight, litter size and survival were not affected (P0.10). In addition, sows fed ad libitum lost more weight (P
Author: Chantal Farmer
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086868037
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
The last book on the lactating sow was published over 15 years ago. This new book brings us up to date in current knowledge on the gestating and lactating sow. It covers new and important topics such as conditioning of gilts for optimal reproductive performance, feeding high fibre diets to gestating sows and providing various fat sources in gestation and lactation. It also describes the several key success factors to group-housing systems in gestation, which is a must due to the current move towards group-housing. The new concept of transition feeding for sows is discussed, as well as the factors involved in mammary development of gilts and sows, both of which are instrumental for maximum colostrum and/or milk yields. The impact of the human-animal interactions on sow welfare and performance is discussed with focus on new handling practices that could be developed to overbalance the negative interactions inherent to pig management systems. Updates on must-have topics, such as amino acid and energy requirements of sows, colostrum and milk yield and composition, and sow health are also provided. The subjects covered in this book will assist animal scientists, nutritionists, veterinarians and swine producers in learning the most recent information on relevant and current topics affecting sow production, and in knowing which areas are in need of further research efforts.
Author: Abigail Loucks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Throughout gestation, sows and gilts become increasingly sensitive to changes in nutrition. During late gestation, growth of the developing offspring and mammary tissue require an increasing portion of consumed nutrition. To date, very little research has been conducted regarding the nutritional needs of the gestating sow. Due to this lack of research, the importance of sow nutrition is not well understood. Often, the removal of nutritionally complex, expensive ingredients such as soybean meal occur without consideration of potential ramifications. Soybean meal has been traditionally regarded as a complex and complete source of nutrition for pigs, providing balanced amino acids, and important micronutrients. Inadequate amino acid intake, such as lysine, during late gestation may result in impaired growth, and a decreased ability to fight infectious diseases (Liao et al., 2015). Similarly, lack of energy intake by the sow during late gestation causes sows to lose significant body energy reserves, which can lead to longer wean to estrus intervals, decreased longevity in the reproductive herd, and lower offspring birth weights. Without a proper investigation into the potential implications of new feeding strategies, sow and offspring health and performance may suffer. Therefore, the objective of the experiment presented in this thesis was to investigate the effects of feeding variable inclusion rates of traditional soybean meal in the late gestation diets of sows on both sow reproductive and offspring growth performance. In this experiment, sows were assigned to one of four diets two weeks prior to farrowing: A (n=13; 0% SBM, 13.5% crude protein (CP)), B (n=16; 10% SBM, 13.5% CP), C (n=17; 30% SBM, 21.5% CP), D (n=17; 0% SBM, 21.5% CP). At farrowing, total born (TB), born alive (BA), mummies (MM), stillborn (SB), and birth weights (BW) were recorded. To evaluate the impact of transition diets on piglet growth performance, individual piglet weights were recorded periodically from birth through four weeks post weaning. No significant effect of SBM inclusion was observed for MM, SB, or BW (P > 0.28). A numerical increase in TB (P = 0.41) and BA (P = 0.11) was observed in litters produced from sows on diet D, with TB at 13.7 ±1.05, and BA at 13.2 ± 0.94, while diets A, B, and C had TB and BA = 12.0 ± 1.05, and = 10.8 ± 0.94, respectively. Variation in parity within treatments may have contributed to these numerical differences, however average parity was not different across dietary treatments (P = 0.91). Litter BW, wean weight, and average daily gain (ADG) from day 0 to weaning were not different across diets (P = 0.27). However, ADG of offspring from parities 1to 3 sows was different from parity 0 and parities 4+ from day 0 to day 10 (P = 0.005) and from parities 4+ from day 15 to 22 (P = 0.03). Average birth weights did not differ across parity or dietary treatments (P = 0.27). Average age of weaning across parity (P = 0.003) and dietary treatment (P 0.001) did differ, with average age of weaning across diets A, B, C, and D of 29.3 ± 0.35, 28.3± 0.35, 27.7 ± 0.35, and 27.7 ± 0.35, respectively. It has been hypothesized the presence of soy isoflavones could potentially increase the concentration of IgG in the colostrum of sows, however, this was not supported by the results from this study as SBM did not impact immunoglobulin (IgG) concentration in colostrum or day 15 milk samples (P = 0.37). Increased IgG concentrations in colostrum samples were observed in parity 1 to 3 sows, when compared to parity 0 or greater than parity 4 sows (P = 0.29). The results of this work suggest that using feeding strategies with varying inclusion rates of SBM have little to no impact on sow reproductive or offspring growth performance. Continued research is needed, particularly around the transition from gestation to lactation to improve our understanding of the nutritional needs of the sow throughout the reproductive cycle.
Author:
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309059930
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Each of these popular handbooks contains comprehensive information on the nutritional needs of domestic animals and includes extensive tabular data. All are paperback and 8 1/2 x 11. Some books come with diskettes or Cds that allow users to predict nutrient requirements of specific animals under various conditions and at various life stages.
Author: John F. Patience
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9086867561
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Author: Paul E. Hughes
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN:
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Livestock
Languages : en
Pages : 916
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN: 0309049970
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
In the past decade, animal scientists have learned that administering recombinantly derived somatotropin (growth hormone) to cows improves milk production and that giving beta-adrenergic agonists to meat animals improves productivity and leanness. In order for these metabolic modifiers to yield benefits, however, sound management of the animals' nutrition is necessary. This volume reports on how these substances work in the animals' metabolism, what effects they might have on nutrient requirements of domestic livestock, and what information should be developed further by investigators. The book explores the current understanding of the biology, structure, mechanisms of action, and treatment effects of somatotropin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and anabolic steroids. A companion volume to the Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals series, this authoritative volume will be required reading for animal scientists, researchers, veterinarians, livestock farmers, and faculty and students in university animal veterinary science programs.
