Author: Melvin Douglas Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Book Description
Effect of the Waxy Gene on Grain Yields of Sorghum
Author: Melvin Douglas Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Book Description
Investigation of a Xenia Effect for Yield Caused by the Waxy Gene in Grain Sorghum
Author: Leslie Charles Kuhlman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Sorghum grain with a waxy endosperm is more digestible and has a higher feeding efficiency compared to sorghum grain with a non-waxy (or normal) endosperm. However, waxy sorghums (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) yield 10-15% less than normal sorghum and the cause of the yield reduction is unclear. The objective of this research is to determine if the yield decrease could be due to the waxy phenotype itself. The waxy phenotype is an example of a xenia effect, where the pollen not only contributes to the genotype of the resulting hybrid, but also immediately influences the phenotype of the resulting seed. Sterile hybrids under different pollination types, and different genotypes of fertile hybrids, both resulted in hybrids that produced different ratios of waxy phenotype seed. The effects on yield and 500 kernel weight were investigated in Weslaco, College Station, and Halfway, Texas over two years. Yields of sterile heterozygous waxy hybrids under waxy pollination, which produced an average 27% waxy seed over all environments, were nearly identical to homozygous nonwaxy hybrids that produced 0% waxy seed. Average 500 kernel weights for the same hybrids were not different. Grain yields for the fertile hybrid genotypes were significantlydifferent. Hybrids which produced 100% waxy seed yielded significantly less than hybrids which produced 25% waxy seed. Upon further examination, hybrids that were produced from waxy F1 endosperm seed (wxwxwx) had significantly worse stand and panicle number per plot means than did hybrids from nonwaxy F1 endosperm seed(Wxwxwx). Grain yields adjusted for panicle number showed no significant differences. The average 500 kernel weights between hybrids with different amounts of waxy phenotype grain did not significantly differ. The yield effect seen in this population was the result of waxy endosperm hybrid seed displaying significantly poorer stand establishment than nonwaxy endosperm hybrid seed. These data do not support a xenia yield effect due to the waxy gene.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Sorghum grain with a waxy endosperm is more digestible and has a higher feeding efficiency compared to sorghum grain with a non-waxy (or normal) endosperm. However, waxy sorghums (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) yield 10-15% less than normal sorghum and the cause of the yield reduction is unclear. The objective of this research is to determine if the yield decrease could be due to the waxy phenotype itself. The waxy phenotype is an example of a xenia effect, where the pollen not only contributes to the genotype of the resulting hybrid, but also immediately influences the phenotype of the resulting seed. Sterile hybrids under different pollination types, and different genotypes of fertile hybrids, both resulted in hybrids that produced different ratios of waxy phenotype seed. The effects on yield and 500 kernel weight were investigated in Weslaco, College Station, and Halfway, Texas over two years. Yields of sterile heterozygous waxy hybrids under waxy pollination, which produced an average 27% waxy seed over all environments, were nearly identical to homozygous nonwaxy hybrids that produced 0% waxy seed. Average 500 kernel weights for the same hybrids were not different. Grain yields for the fertile hybrid genotypes were significantlydifferent. Hybrids which produced 100% waxy seed yielded significantly less than hybrids which produced 25% waxy seed. Upon further examination, hybrids that were produced from waxy F1 endosperm seed (wxwxwx) had significantly worse stand and panicle number per plot means than did hybrids from nonwaxy F1 endosperm seed(Wxwxwx). Grain yields adjusted for panicle number showed no significant differences. The average 500 kernel weights between hybrids with different amounts of waxy phenotype grain did not significantly differ. The yield effect seen in this population was the result of waxy endosperm hybrid seed displaying significantly poorer stand establishment than nonwaxy endosperm hybrid seed. These data do not support a xenia yield effect due to the waxy gene.
Relative Effects of Waxy, Heterozygous and Starchy Genes on Yielding Ability in Grain Sorghum
Author: Linlie Neal Wright
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Book Description
The Relationship Between Grain Yield and Waxy Endosperm in Sorghum Bicolor (Linn.) Moench
Author: Selahattin Aydin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
In sorghum, a single recessive gene Wx conditions waxy endosperm type. While parental inbred lines and hybrids with waxy endosperm have been developed, there has been little to no adoption of these hybrids by producers, primarily because waxy hybrids consistently yield 5-10% less than non-waxy hybrids and end-use buyers will not pay for the utilization benefits. While current waxy germplasm does not yield competitively at this time, there is a question as to whether the yield reduction is due to a negative relationship between waxy per se or due to the lack of effort to develop high yielding waxy germplasm. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the waxy endosperm phenotype and grain yield in sorghum. From each of two F2 breeding populations segregating for waxy endosperm, 50 inbred lines were derived, selected only for homozygosity of endosperm type. No selection for yield was practiced during the development of these lines. Approximately 25 waxy and 25 non-waxy lines were selected for further evaluation from each population. These lines and a set of testcross hybrids were evaluated in four environments. When combined across environments and populations, waxy inbred lines and hybrids yielded 17% less than non-waxy inbred lines and hybrids. However, analysis of the individual inbred lines and hybrids indicated that several waxy inbred lines were competitive in yield with the best non-waxy genotypes. The results indicate that it should be possible to develop waxy hybrids that are competitive in yield, but that this will require additional breeding efforts to identify the correct inbred lines and hybrids.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
In sorghum, a single recessive gene Wx conditions waxy endosperm type. While parental inbred lines and hybrids with waxy endosperm have been developed, there has been little to no adoption of these hybrids by producers, primarily because waxy hybrids consistently yield 5-10% less than non-waxy hybrids and end-use buyers will not pay for the utilization benefits. While current waxy germplasm does not yield competitively at this time, there is a question as to whether the yield reduction is due to a negative relationship between waxy per se or due to the lack of effort to develop high yielding waxy germplasm. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the waxy endosperm phenotype and grain yield in sorghum. From each of two F2 breeding populations segregating for waxy endosperm, 50 inbred lines were derived, selected only for homozygosity of endosperm type. No selection for yield was practiced during the development of these lines. Approximately 25 waxy and 25 non-waxy lines were selected for further evaluation from each population. These lines and a set of testcross hybrids were evaluated in four environments. When combined across environments and populations, waxy inbred lines and hybrids yielded 17% less than non-waxy inbred lines and hybrids. However, analysis of the individual inbred lines and hybrids indicated that several waxy inbred lines were competitive in yield with the best non-waxy genotypes. The results indicate that it should be possible to develop waxy hybrids that are competitive in yield, but that this will require additional breeding efforts to identify the correct inbred lines and hybrids.
Lost Crops of Africa
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309176891
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 405
Book Description
Scenes of starvation have drawn the world's attention to Africa's agricultural and environmental crisis. Some observers question whether this continent can ever hope to feed its growing population. Yet there is an overlooked food resource in sub-Saharan Africa that has vast potential: native food plants. When experts were asked to nominate African food plants for inclusion in a new book, a list of 30 species grew quickly to hundreds. All in all, Africa has more than 2,000 native grains and fruitsâ€""lost" species due for rediscovery and exploitation. This volume focuses on native cereals, including: African rice, reserved until recently as a luxury food for religious rituals. Finger millet, neglected internationally although it is a staple for millions. Fonio (acha), probably the oldest African cereal and sometimes called "hungry rice." Pearl millet, a widely used grain that still holds great untapped potential. Sorghum, with prospects for making the twenty-first century the "century of sorghum." Tef, in many ways ideal but only now enjoying budding commercial production. Other cultivated and wild grains. This readable and engaging book dispels myths, often based on Western bias, about the nutritional value, flavor, and yield of these African grains. Designed as a tool for economic development, the volume is organized with increasing levels of detail to meet the needs of both lay and professional readers. The authors present the available information on where and how each grain is grown, harvested, and processed, and they list its benefits and limitations as a food source. The authors describe "next steps" for increasing the use of each grain, outline research needs, and address issues in building commercial production. Sidebars cover such interesting points as the potential use of gene mapping and other "high-tech" agricultural techniques on these grains. This fact-filled volume will be of great interest to agricultural experts, entrepreneurs, researchers, and individuals concerned about restoring food production, environmental health, and economic opportunity in sub-Saharan Africa. Selection, Newbridge Garden Book Club
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309176891
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 405
Book Description
Scenes of starvation have drawn the world's attention to Africa's agricultural and environmental crisis. Some observers question whether this continent can ever hope to feed its growing population. Yet there is an overlooked food resource in sub-Saharan Africa that has vast potential: native food plants. When experts were asked to nominate African food plants for inclusion in a new book, a list of 30 species grew quickly to hundreds. All in all, Africa has more than 2,000 native grains and fruitsâ€""lost" species due for rediscovery and exploitation. This volume focuses on native cereals, including: African rice, reserved until recently as a luxury food for religious rituals. Finger millet, neglected internationally although it is a staple for millions. Fonio (acha), probably the oldest African cereal and sometimes called "hungry rice." Pearl millet, a widely used grain that still holds great untapped potential. Sorghum, with prospects for making the twenty-first century the "century of sorghum." Tef, in many ways ideal but only now enjoying budding commercial production. Other cultivated and wild grains. This readable and engaging book dispels myths, often based on Western bias, about the nutritional value, flavor, and yield of these African grains. Designed as a tool for economic development, the volume is organized with increasing levels of detail to meet the needs of both lay and professional readers. The authors present the available information on where and how each grain is grown, harvested, and processed, and they list its benefits and limitations as a food source. The authors describe "next steps" for increasing the use of each grain, outline research needs, and address issues in building commercial production. Sidebars cover such interesting points as the potential use of gene mapping and other "high-tech" agricultural techniques on these grains. This fact-filled volume will be of great interest to agricultural experts, entrepreneurs, researchers, and individuals concerned about restoring food production, environmental health, and economic opportunity in sub-Saharan Africa. Selection, Newbridge Garden Book Club
Inheritance of Seed Weight in a Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Cross. ; Inheritance of Germination Rate in a Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Cross ; Dosage Effect of Waxy Gene (wx) on Maltose Production and Degree of Hydrolysis of Three Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Varieties and Their F1 Hybrids
Author: Douglas Miguel Tovar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum as feed
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum as feed
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Book Description
Sorghum
Author: Ignacio A. Ciampitti
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0891186271
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Book Description
Sorghum is among the top five cereals and one of the key crops in global food security efforts. Sorghum is a resilient crop under high-stress environments, ensuring productivity and access to food when other crops fail. Scientists see the potential of sorghum as a main staple food in a future challenged by climate change. The contributors provide a comprehensive review of sorghum knowledge. The discussion covers genetic improvements, development of new hybrids, biotechnology, and physiological modifications. Production topics include water and nutrient management, rotations, and pest control. Final end uses, sorghum as a bioenergy crop, markets, and the future of sorghum are presented. IN PRESS! This book is being published according to the “Just Published” model, with more chapters to be published online as they are completed.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0891186271
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Book Description
Sorghum is among the top five cereals and one of the key crops in global food security efforts. Sorghum is a resilient crop under high-stress environments, ensuring productivity and access to food when other crops fail. Scientists see the potential of sorghum as a main staple food in a future challenged by climate change. The contributors provide a comprehensive review of sorghum knowledge. The discussion covers genetic improvements, development of new hybrids, biotechnology, and physiological modifications. Production topics include water and nutrient management, rotations, and pest control. Final end uses, sorghum as a bioenergy crop, markets, and the future of sorghum are presented. IN PRESS! This book is being published according to the “Just Published” model, with more chapters to be published online as they are completed.
A Comparison of the Relative Grain Yields of Waxy and Starchy Genotypes Within 9 Strains of Sorghum
Author: James D. Prater
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Book Description
Technical Bulletin
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Breeding Sorghum for Diverse End Uses
Author: Aruna C
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081018800
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 452
Book Description
Breeding Sorghum for Diverse End Uses is a comprehensive overview of all significant global efforts for the genetic improvement of sorghum, a major crop of many semi-arid nations that is suitable for a huge range of uses, from human food, to biofuels. Split into two main sections, the book initially reviews the genetic suitability of sorghum for breeding, also providing the history of the genetic improvement of the grain. Finally, other sections look at specific breeding programs that could be improved in a number of areas, including human food, animal feed and industrial usage. Readers in academics, research, plant genetics and sorghum development will find this resource of great value. In addition, it is essential reading for engineers who utilize sorghum for food, feed and industrial materials in industry. - Provides information on key advances in the genetic makeup of sorghum - Allows plant breeders to apply this research to effectively breed new strains of sorghum that are dependent on final usage goals - Includes the latest findings in each section to orient researchers to plans for future genetic enhancement
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081018800
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 452
Book Description
Breeding Sorghum for Diverse End Uses is a comprehensive overview of all significant global efforts for the genetic improvement of sorghum, a major crop of many semi-arid nations that is suitable for a huge range of uses, from human food, to biofuels. Split into two main sections, the book initially reviews the genetic suitability of sorghum for breeding, also providing the history of the genetic improvement of the grain. Finally, other sections look at specific breeding programs that could be improved in a number of areas, including human food, animal feed and industrial usage. Readers in academics, research, plant genetics and sorghum development will find this resource of great value. In addition, it is essential reading for engineers who utilize sorghum for food, feed and industrial materials in industry. - Provides information on key advances in the genetic makeup of sorghum - Allows plant breeders to apply this research to effectively breed new strains of sorghum that are dependent on final usage goals - Includes the latest findings in each section to orient researchers to plans for future genetic enhancement