Effect of Nozzle Geometry on the Stability of a Turbulent Jet Flame with and Without Swirling Co-flow PDF Download
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Author: Christopher Omokhowa Iyogun
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Christopher Omokhowa Iyogun
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Meghdad Saediamiri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Biogas is a renewable gaseous fuel with low calorific value and a low burning velocity. This burning characteristic makes stabilizing biogas flame difficult especially in high flow velocity applications, and hence presenting a real challenge for power generation systems. This thesis presents an experimental investigation of the effect of burner geometry (i.e., fuel nozzle geometry and swirl strength of the co-airflow) on the stability limits of a turbulent non-premixed biogas surrogate flame. Three different co-airflow swirl strengths (S = 0, 0.31, 0.79) were implemented using swirl generators with vane angle of 0o, 25o and 50o, respectively. Six different fuel nozzle geometries were used in order to study the effect of fuel jet centerline velocity on the stability limits of a low swirling (i.e., 25o) non-premixed biogas flame. Moreover, the biogas surrogate fuel composition was kept constant (60% CH4 and 40% CO2 by volume) using a mixture of pure methane and carbon dioxide gases. The results of the effect of co-airflow swirl strength on the stability limits of biogas flame revealed that the swirl plays an important role on both the flame mode and its stability limits for both attached and lifted flames. The experimental results revealed that at low swirl strength the attached flame lifts off and stabilizes at a distance above the burner, while at high swirl strength the flame remains attached but shortens and burns blue. Overall, the high swirl attached flame was found to stabilize over a wider range of flow conditions in comparison to the attached and lifted flame produced by low swirl. Importantly, the central fuel jet characteristics (induced by varying the fuel nozzle geometry) were found to drastically influence the upper and lower blowout limits of the low swirl biogas lifted flame, while multi-hole fuel nozzle geometry was found to significantly enhance the stability ranges. 2D PIV data was used to explain the stability limits and the experimental flame results were used to propose semi-empirical correlations capable of describing the turbulent biogas blowout stability limits.
Author: F El-Mahallawy
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080532187
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 863
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Book Description
Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion contains brief descriptions of combustion fundamental processes, followed by an extensive survey of the combustion research technology. It also includes mathematical combustion modeling of the processes covering mainly premixed and diffusion flames, where many chemical and physical processes compete in complex ways, for both laminar and turbulent flows. The combustion chemistry models that validate experimental data for different fuels are sufficiently accurate to allow confident predictions of the flame characteristics. This illustrates a unique bridge between combustion fundamentals and combustion technology, which provides a valuable technical reference for many engineers and scientists. Moreover, the book gives the reader sufficient background of basic engineering sciences such as chemistry, thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid mechanics. The combustion research and mathematical models fit between small-scale laboratory burner flames, and large-scale industrial boilers, furnaces and combustion chambers. The materials have been collected from previous relevant research and some selected papers of the authors and co-workers, which have been presented mainly in different refereed journals, international conferences and symposia, thus providing a comprehensive collection. Furthermore, the book includes some of the many recent general correlations for the characteristics of laminar, turbulent, premixed and diffusion flames in an easily usable form. The authors believe that further progress in optimizing combustion performance and reducing polluting emissions can only be treated through understanding of combustion chemistry.
Author: Toufik Boushaki
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1838807438
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Swirl flows are used in a wide range of industrial applications. In non-reacting cases, examples of applications include vortex amplifiers and reactors, heat exchangers, jet pumps, and cyclone separators. In reacting cases, swirlers are widely used in combustion systems, such as gas turbines, industrial furnaces, boilers, gasoline and diesel engines, and many other practical heating devices. Effects of using swirl on flow and combustion are significant and varied, and concern, for example, aerodynamics, mixing, flame stability, intensity of combustion, and pollutant emissions. The purpose of this book is to present recent research efforts to understand and characterize swirling flows of different types and in different applications. These include gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels in order to enhance combustion systems and their energy efficiency. Swirl flows are very complex and the studies proposed in this project are based on different means, including theoretical calculations, numerical modeling, and experimental measurements.
Author: Tim C. Lieuwen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139576836
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
Developing clean, sustainable energy systems is a pre-eminent issue of our time. Most projections indicate that combustion-based energy conversion systems will continue to be the predominant approach for the majority of our energy usage. Unsteady combustor issues present the key challenge associated with the development of clean, high-efficiency combustion systems such as those used for power generation, heating or propulsion applications. This comprehensive study is unique, treating the subject in a systematic manner. Although this book focuses on unsteady combusting flows, it places particular emphasis on the system dynamics that occur at the intersection of the combustion, fluid mechanics and acoustic disciplines. Individuals with a background in fluid mechanics and combustion will find this book to be an incomparable study that synthesises these fields into a coherent understanding of the intrinsically unsteady processes in combustors.
Author: Chih-Huang Weng
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819957168
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
This book presents select proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advances in Civil and Ecological Engineering Research (ACEER 2023). The book covers a wide range of topics, including construction engineering and management hydraulic and hydrologic engineering, air quality and atmospheric pollution, ecological risk assessment and management, restoration and protection of environment, water pollution and treatment, and water recourses engineering. This book also covers state-of-the-art technologies in building sustainable city, resilient buildings, and sustainable issues in relating to civil engineering. It will be useful for researchers and engineers working in the field of civil and ecological engineering.
Author: Yaw Yeboah Afriyie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
An experimental investigation was conducted using particle image velocimetry to study the effect of nozzle geometry on turbulent free orifice jets. The nozzle geometries studied include the round, cross, flower, star, rectangular and elliptical nozzles (aspect ratio 2). The spread rate of the rectangular nozzle was 61% greater than the square nozzle while the elliptical nozzle was 45% greater than the round nozzle using the conventional half velocity width. The superior mixing capacity of the rectangular and elliptical nozzles is attributed to the axis-switching mechanism. Evaluation of the energy budget showed a higher level of production of turbulence and convection of the mean flow for the rectangular nozzle compared with the round nozzle. Two-point auto-correlation function revealed larger structures in the non-circular nozzles and in particular the rectangular nozzle. The Kolmogorov and Taylor microscales however, did not show any significant dependency on nozzle geometry.
Author: F. Takahashi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Lowell M. Bollinger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bunsen burner
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
For fully developed flow, turbulent as well as laminar, the velocity gradient at the burner wall is a satisfactory variable for correlating the fuel-air ratio required for blow-off of seated flames for fuel-air ratios of less than 15 percent. For turbulent flames, wall velocity serves as a correlating variable in the same fuel-air ratio range.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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