Effect of Lake Characteristics on Mesoscale Boundary Layer Structure PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
A three-dimensional mesoscale planetary boundary layer model was used to perform a series-of-model sensitivity studies to examine the effects of lake-land temperature difference, ambient wind magnitude and direction, lake size, surface roughness, the Coriolis force and baroclinic ambient wind conditions on mesoscale lake circulations. Results indicate lake size, speed and direction of ambient wind and the baroclinicity of the flow to be important factors influencing mesoscale convergence.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
A three-dimensional mesoscale planetary boundary layer model was used to perform a series-of-model sensitivity studies to examine the effects of lake-land temperature difference, ambient wind magnitude and direction, lake size, surface roughness, the Coriolis force and baroclinic ambient wind conditions on mesoscale lake circulations. Results indicate lake size, speed and direction of ambient wind and the baroclinicity of the flow to be important factors influencing mesoscale convergence.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046874
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
Almost half the U.S. population lives along the coast. In another 20 years this population is expected to more than double in size. The unique weather and climate of the coastal zone, circulating pollutants, altering storms, changing temperature, and moving coastal currents affect air pollution and disaster preparedness, ocean pollution, and safeguarding near-shore ecosystems. Activities in commerce, industry, transportation, freshwater supply, safety, recreation, and national defense also are affected. The research community engaged in studies of coastal meteorology in recent years has made significant advancements in describing and predicting atmospheric properties along coasts. Coastal Meteorology reviews this progress and recommends research that would increase the value and application of what is known today.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Meteorology
Languages : en
Pages : 702
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Book Description
Author: J.E. Oliver
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 1028
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Book Description
Today's greater public awareness of how climate affects our quality of life and environment has created an increasing demand for climatological information. Now this information is available in one convenient, accessible source, The Encyclopedia of Climatology. This comprehensive volume covers all the main subfields of climatology, supplies data on climates in major continental areas and explains what is known about the causes of climatic processes and changes. Contents include articles on bioclimatology, El Niño, climatic models, world regional climates, civilization and climate, climatic variations and the greenhouse effect.
Author: Anastasios A. Tsonis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319865034
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 707
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Book Description
Advances in Nonlinear Geosciences is a set of contributions from the participants of “30 Years of Nonlinear Dynamics” held July 3-8, 2016 in Rhodes, Greece as part of the Aegean Conferences, as well as from several other experts in the field who could not attend the meeting. The volume brings together up-to-date research from the atmospheric sciences, hydrology, geology, and other areas of geosciences and presents the new advances made in the last 10 years. Topics include chaos synchronization, topological data analysis, new insights on fractals, multifractals and stochasticity, climate dynamics, extreme events, complexity, and causality, among other topics.
Author: J. R. Garratt
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521467452
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Author: Steven R. Gilbert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Convection (Meteorology)
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Surface, upper air, and aerological data from the Lake-Effect Snow Studies (LESS) field program conducted 1 Dec - 28 Jan 1984 were examined to study the modification of continental polar air masses heated from below by the large, comparatively warm Great Lakes. This study focused on one particular cold air outbreak that occurred as a northerly flow event over Lake Michigan 10 Jan 1984. Spatial cross-sections and streamline analyses show the combined effects of air mass modification by the Great Lakes. The total depth of the boundary layer at the southern and of Lake Michigan was uncharacteristically high, over 2.4 km, due to the air first being modified by Lake Superior, and then by the full fetch of Lake Michigan. Aircraft data sets of ambient air temperature, virtual potential temperature, specific humidity, liquid water content, and the u, v, and w wind components sampled at a rate of 20/s were analyzed to determine the structure and interaction of the convectively mixed layer with the capping inversion layer. An important finding is the identification of a penetrative convection layer that resides between the top of the fully-mixed layer and the bottom of the inversion layer. Evidence from the aircraft data analysis shows the characteristics of this layer and the associated fluxes and entrainment. Penetrative convection into the traditional capping inversion is identified as convective turbulent eddies that continually mix with the stable air and thus lose their identity.
Author: Paul Markowski
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119966671
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 435
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Book Description
Mesoscale Meteorology in Mid-Latitudes presents the dynamics of mesoscale meteorological phenomena in a highly accessible, student-friendly manner. The book's clear mathematical treatments are complemented by high-quality photographs and illustrations. Comprehensive coverage of subjects including boundary layer mesoscale phenomena, orographic phenomena and deep convection is brought together with the latest developments in the field to provide an invaluable resource for mesoscale meteorology students. Mesoscale Meteorology in Mid-Latitudes functions as a comprehensive, easy-to-use undergraduate textbook while also providing a useful reference for graduate students, research scientists and weather industry professionals. Illustrated in full colour throughout Covers the latest developments and research in the field Comprehensive coverage of deep convection and its initiation Uses real life examples of phenomena taken from broad geographical areas to demonstrate the practical aspects of the science
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Julie A. Winkler
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832505457
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
