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Author: Emre Ünal
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040295975
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
In response to the global crises in recent decades, many countries – both developed and developing economies – have resorted to populist forms of economic policy instead of undertaking meaningful institutional change. This book explores two forms of economic populism in particular (wage populism and exchange rate populism) and demonstrates that these types of policies result in high inflation, unstable exchange rates, and chronic macroeconomic problems. The book opens with an elucidation of the institutional economics approach – drawing on Commons and Veblen, and foregrounding laws, rules, norms, regulations, religions, and traditions – which sheds particular light on economic populism. The book also explores the different forms of economic populism that have been seen throughout the world including policies in the United States, Brexit in the United Kingdom, the response to the Yellow Jackets in France, the populism of various countries in Latin America, and regulations in China. Delving deeper, two case studies are explored in greater and comparative detail: Argentina and Turkey. In these countries, which have followed similar patterns, it is shown how following a path of economic populism has prevented the much-needed institutional reforms from being enacted. The book argues that adopting populist economic policies may prove popular in the short term but prevents and ignores the longer-term project of institutional reform, which is needed to provide greater stability. Finally, the book also looks at the types of institutional and policy reform that may be required to prevent economic populism from taking hold. This book will be of interest to readers in economics, political economy, politics, and other social sciences who are grappling with issues around populism in all its forms.
Author: Emre Ünal
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040295975
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 190
Get Book Here
Book Description
In response to the global crises in recent decades, many countries – both developed and developing economies – have resorted to populist forms of economic policy instead of undertaking meaningful institutional change. This book explores two forms of economic populism in particular (wage populism and exchange rate populism) and demonstrates that these types of policies result in high inflation, unstable exchange rates, and chronic macroeconomic problems. The book opens with an elucidation of the institutional economics approach – drawing on Commons and Veblen, and foregrounding laws, rules, norms, regulations, religions, and traditions – which sheds particular light on economic populism. The book also explores the different forms of economic populism that have been seen throughout the world including policies in the United States, Brexit in the United Kingdom, the response to the Yellow Jackets in France, the populism of various countries in Latin America, and regulations in China. Delving deeper, two case studies are explored in greater and comparative detail: Argentina and Turkey. In these countries, which have followed similar patterns, it is shown how following a path of economic populism has prevented the much-needed institutional reforms from being enacted. The book argues that adopting populist economic policies may prove popular in the short term but prevents and ignores the longer-term project of institutional reform, which is needed to provide greater stability. Finally, the book also looks at the types of institutional and policy reform that may be required to prevent economic populism from taking hold. This book will be of interest to readers in economics, political economy, politics, and other social sciences who are grappling with issues around populism in all its forms.
Author: William W. Franko
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190671017
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 249
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Book Description
Donald Trump's 2016 victory shocked the world, but his appeals to the economic discontent of the white working class should not be so surprising, as stagnant wages for the many have been matched with skyrocketing incomes for the few. Though Trump received high levels of support from the white working class, once in office, the newly elected billionaire president appointed a cabinet with a net worth greater than one-third of American households combined. Furthermore, he pursued traditionally conservative tax, welfare state and regulatory policies, which are likely to make economic disparities worse. Nevertheless, income inequality has grown over the last few decades almost regardless of who is elected to the presidency and congress. There is a growing consensus among scholars that one of the biggest drivers of income inequality in the United States is government activity (or inactivity). Just as the New Deal and Great Society programs played a key role in leveling income distribution from the 1930s through the 1970s, federal policy since then has contributed to expanding inequality. Growing inequality bolsters the resources of the wealthy leading to greater influence over policy, and it contributes to partisan polarization. Both prevent the passage of policy to address inequality, creating a continuous feedback loop of growing inequality. The authors of this book argue that it is therefore misguided to look to the federal government, as citizens have tended to do since the New Deal, to lead on economic policy to "fix" inequality. In fact, they argue that throughout American history, during periods of rapid economic change the federal government has been stymied by the federal institutional design created by the Constitution. The winners of economic change have taken advantage of veto points to prevent change that would address the problems experienced by the losers of major economic change. Even the New Deal, in many ways the model of federal policy activism, was largely borrowed from policies created in the state "laboratories of democracy" in the preceding years and decades. The authors argue that in the current crisis of growing inequality we are seeing a similar dynamic and demonstrate that many states are actively addressing economic inequality. William Franko and Christopher Witko argue that the states that will address inequality are not necessarily those with the greatest objective inequality, but those where citizens are aware of growing inequality, where left-leaning politicians hold power, where unions are strong, and where the presence of direct democracy allow for more majoritarian public policy outcomes. In the empirical chapters Franko and Witko examine how these factors have shaped policies that boosted incomes at the bottom (the minimum wage and the Earned Income Tax Credit) and reduce incomes at the top (with top marginal tax rates) between 1987 and 2010. The authors argue that, if history is a guide, increasingly egalitarian policies at the state level will spread to other states and, eventually, to the federal level, setting the stage for a more equitable future.
Author: Barry J. Eichengreen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190866284
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
"Populism, a political movement with anti-elite, authoritarian and nativist tendencies, typically spearheaded by a charismatic leader, is an old phenomenon but also a very new and disturbing one at that. The Populist Temptation is an effort to understand the wellsprings of populist movements and why the threat they pose to mainstream political parties and pluralistic democracy has been more successfully contained in some cases than others"--
Author: Ms.Sweta Chaman Saxena
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484362241
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
IMF Research Perspective (formerly published as IMF Research Bulletin) is a new, redesigned online newsletter covering updates on IMF research. In the inaugural issue of the newsletter, Hites Ahir interviews Valeria Cerra; and they discuss the economic environment 10 years after the global financial crisis. Research Summaries cover the rise of populism; economic reform; labor and technology; big data; and the relationship between happiness and productivity. Sweta C. Saxena was the guest editor for this inaugural issue.
Author: Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198803567
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 737
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Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of Populism presents the state of the art of research on populism from the perspective of Political Science. The book features work from the leading experts in the field, and synthesizes the main strands of research in four compact sections: concepts, issues, regions, and normative debates. Due to its breath, The Oxford Handbook of Populism is an invaluable resource for those interested in the study of populism, but also forexperts in each of the topics discussed, who will benefit from accounts of current discussions and research gaps, as well as a map of new directions in the study of populism.
Author: Diana Kapiszewski
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110890159X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 587
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Book Description
Latin American states took dramatic steps toward greater inclusion during the late twentieth and early twenty-first Centuries. Bringing together an accomplished group of scholars, this volume examines this shift by introducing three dimensions of inclusion: official recognition of historically excluded groups, access to policymaking, and resource redistribution. Tracing the movement along these dimensions since the 1990s, the editors argue that the endurance of democratic politics, combined with longstanding social inequalities, create the impetus for inclusionary reforms. Diverse chapters explore how factors such as the role of partisanship and electoral clientelism, constitutional design, state capacity, social protest, populism, commodity rents, international diffusion, and historical legacies encouraged or inhibited inclusionary reform during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Featuring original empirical evidence and a strong theoretical framework, the book considers cross-national variation, delves into the surprising paradoxes of inclusion, and identifies the obstacles hindering further fundamental change.
Author: William G. Howell
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022672882X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
To counter the threat America faces, two political scientists offer “clear constitutional solutions that break sharply with the conventional wisdom” (Steven Levitsky, New York Times–bestselling coauthor of How Democracies Die). Has American democracy’s long, ambitious run come to an end? Possibly yes. As William G. Howell and Terry M. Moe argue in this trenchant new analysis of modern politics, the United States faces a historic crisis that threatens our system of self-government—and if democracy is to be saved, the causes of the crisis must be understood and defused. The most visible cause is Donald Trump, who has used his presidency to attack the nation’s institutions and violate its democratic norms. Yet Trump is but a symptom of causes that run much deeper: social forces like globalization, automation, and immigration that for decades have generated economic harms and cultural anxieties that our government has been wholly ineffective at addressing. Millions of Americans have grown angry and disaffected, and populist appeals have found a receptive audience. These were the drivers of Trump’s dangerous presidency, and they’re still there for other populists to weaponize. What can be done? The disruptive forces of modernity cannot be stopped. The solution lies, instead, in having a government that can deal with them—which calls for aggressive new policies, but also for institutional reforms that enhance its capacity for effective action. The path to progress is filled with political obstacles, including an increasingly populist, anti-government Republican Party. It is hard to be optimistic. But if the challenge is to be met, we need reforms of the presidency itself—reforms that harness the promise of presidential power for effective government, but firmly protect against that power being put to anti-democratic ends.
Author: Pippa Norris
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781108444422
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 564
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Book Description
Authoritarian populist parties have advanced in many countries, and entered government in states as diverse as Austria, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and Switzerland. Even small parties can still shift the policy agenda, as demonstrated by UKIP's role in catalyzing Brexit. Drawing on new evidence, this book advances a general theory why the silent revolution in values triggered a backlash fuelling support for authoritarian-populist parties and leaders in the US and Europe. The conclusion highlights the dangers of this development and what could be done to mitigate the risks to liberal democracy.
Author: Larry Diamond
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 1421405687
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 205
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Book Description
Liberation Technology brings together cutting-edge scholarship from scholars and practitioners at the forefront of this burgeoning field of study. An introductory section defines the debate with a foundational piece on liberation technology and is then followed by essays discussing the popular dichotomy of liberation'' versus "control" with regard to the Internet and the sociopolitical dimensions of such controls. Additional chapters delve into the cases of individual countries: China, Egypt, Iran, and Tunisia.
Author: Mr.Tito Boeri
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484385969
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
Populists claim to be the only legitimate representative of the people. Does it mean that there is no space for civil society? The issue is important because since Tocqueville (1835), associations and civil society have been recognized as a key factor in a healthy liberal democracy. We ask two questions: 1) do individuals who are members of civil associations vote less for populist parties? 2)does membership in associations decrease when populist parties are in power? We answer thesequestions looking at the experiences of Europe, which has a rich civil society tradition, as well as of Latin America, which already has a long history of populists in power. The main findings are that individuals belonging to associations are less likely by 2.4 to 4.2 percent to vote for populist parties, which is large considering that the average vote share for populist parties is from 10 to 15 percent. The effect is strong particularly after the global financial crisis, with the important caveat that membership in trade unions has unclear effects.
