Ecology of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in Mixed-conifer Forests of California PDF Download
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Author: Antonio Dominic Izzo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Author: Antonio Dominic Izzo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Author: Nina Wurzburger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mycorrhizas
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Forests of the Pacific Northwest have been an epicenter for the evolution of truffle fungi with over 350 truffle species and 55 genera currently identified. Truffle fungi develop their reproductive fruit-bodies typically belowground, so they are harder to find and study than mushrooms that fruit aboveground. Nevertheless, over the last five decades, the Corvallis Forest Mycology program of the Pacific Northwest Research Station has amassed unprecedented knowledge on the diversity and ecology of truffles in the region. Truffle fungi form mycorrhizal symbioses that benefit the growth and survival of many tree and understory plants. Truffle fruit-bodies serve as a major food souce for many forest-dwelling mammals. A few truffle species are commercially harvested for gourmet consumption in regional restaurants. This publication explores the biology and ecology of truffle fungi in the Pacific Northwest, their importance in forest ecosystems, and effects of various silvicultural practices on sustaining truffle populations. General management principles and considerations to sustain this valuable fungal resource are provided.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Author: James R. Griffin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Oak
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Author: Frederick De Forest Heald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 652
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Author: Ronald M. Lanner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Author: Philip M. McDonald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plant competition
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Planted ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) seedlings in young plantations in California are at a disadvantage compared with competing shrubs, forbs, and grasses. In many instances, roots of competing plants begin expanding and exploiting the soil earlier and in greater numbers, thereby capturing the majority of available resources and lowering pine survival and growth. Competition thresholds or "how much is too much?" are: for treatments where a cleared radius is prescribed, no weeds are acceptable within the space needed for maximum growth of pine seedlings during the establishment period; for treatments involving the entire area, crown cover values of 10 to 30 percent seem to be the level beyond which shrub competition significantly affects pine growth. Methods for preparing the site, which include mechanical and chemical methods, use of fire, and combinations of treatments, show the interaction of site and ensuing vegetation. Techniques for controlling competing vegetation from seed include preventing such plants from getting started by use of preemergent herbicides or mats (collars). To prevent sprouting, hardwood trees and large shrubs can be pushed over, thereby getting the root crown out of the ground, or if still in the soil, grinding it out with a machine. Once present, the effect of weeds from seed can be minimized by grubbing or spraying when young, by grazing plants with cattle or sheep, or by introducing plants of low competitive ability. Once sprouting weeds are present, their effect can be minimized by spraying with chemicals, or if palatable, by grazing with cattle or sheep. Costs range from as low as $10 per acre ($25/ha) for aerially applying herbicides to $711 per acre ($1757/ha) for grinding out tanoak stumps.
Author: Thomas John Mills
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 676
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Author: Carlos Prada
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889748650
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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