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Author: T. Belytschko
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
Closed form solutions have been developed for wave propagation problems in materials which have a constitutive equation with strain softening (SS). These solutions have been useful in assessing the performance of finite element programs and in examining the validity of SS models from physical grounds. The salient characteristics of these wave propagation solutions with SS is that the strain softening localizes into a domain of one-dimension smaller than the space of the problem: for example, in a one-dimensional wave propagation problem, the strain softening localizes to a single point where strain softening is first initiated. Furthermore, if the stress goes to zero as the strain increases in the SS discontinuity is introduced in the displacement. A more serious shortcoming is the absence of energy dissipation in the SS part of the continuum. This absence is due to the extreme localization of the SS phenomenon. Since strain-softening models are usually intended to model dissipative processes such as microcracking or crushing of material, the absence of dissipation is quite troublesome. To overcome this drawback of the SS continuum model, a nonlocal theory was examined. In a non-local theory, the stresses depend on an average of the strain in a volume about the point at which the stress is being computed. In this type of theory, the localization which is characteristic of strain softening solutions can be limited and a finite amount of energy dissipation which is relatively insensitive to element size, can be achieved. Keywords: Concrete; Structures; Failures; Size effects.
Author: T. Belytschko
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
Closed form solutions have been developed for wave propagation problems in materials which have a constitutive equation with strain softening (SS). These solutions have been useful in assessing the performance of finite element programs and in examining the validity of SS models from physical grounds. The salient characteristics of these wave propagation solutions with SS is that the strain softening localizes into a domain of one-dimension smaller than the space of the problem: for example, in a one-dimensional wave propagation problem, the strain softening localizes to a single point where strain softening is first initiated. Furthermore, if the stress goes to zero as the strain increases in the SS discontinuity is introduced in the displacement. A more serious shortcoming is the absence of energy dissipation in the SS part of the continuum. This absence is due to the extreme localization of the SS phenomenon. Since strain-softening models are usually intended to model dissipative processes such as microcracking or crushing of material, the absence of dissipation is quite troublesome. To overcome this drawback of the SS continuum model, a nonlocal theory was examined. In a non-local theory, the stresses depend on an average of the strain in a volume about the point at which the stress is being computed. In this type of theory, the localization which is characteristic of strain softening solutions can be limited and a finite amount of energy dissipation which is relatively insensitive to element size, can be achieved. Keywords: Concrete; Structures; Failures; Size effects.
Author: Leon L. Mishnaevsky Jr
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9789054106999
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
This work examines problems, particularly in mining and civil engineering, related to the destruction of heterogenous materials. It details the physical mechanisms of destruction, methods of damage and fracture modelling, and the application of models to the improvement of drilling efficiency.
Author: Arun Shukla
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812773320
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Covering a wide variety of topics in dynamic fracture mechanics, this volume presents state-of-the-art experimental techniques and theoretical analysis on dynamic fracture in standard and exotic materials. Written by world renowned researchers, this valuable compendium contains eleven chapters on crack initiation, crack propagation, crack arrest, crack-stress wave interactions, and experimental, analytical and numerical methods in dynamic fracture mechanics. Contents: Modeling Dynamic Fracture Using Large-Scale Atomistic Simulations (H-J Gao & M J Buehler); Dynamic Crack Initiation Toughness (D Rittel); The Dynamics of Rapidly Moving Tensile Cracks in Brittle Amorphous Material (J Fineberg); Optical Methods for Dynamic Fracture Mechanics (H V Tippur); On the Use of Strain Gages in Dynamic Fracture (V Parameswaran & A Shukla); Dynamic and Crack Arrest Fracture Toughness (R E Link & R Chona); Dynamic Fracture in Graded Materials (A Shukla & N Jain); Dynamic Fracture Initiation Toughness at Elevated Temperatures with Application to the New Generation of Titanium Aluminides Alloys (M Shazly et al.); Dynamic Fracture of Nanocomposite Materials (A Shukla et al.). Readership: Researchers, practitioners, and graduate students in fracture mechanics and materials science.
Author: K. Ravi-Chandar
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080472559
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
Dynamic fracture in solids has attracted much attention for over a century from engineers as well as physicists due both to its technological interest and to inherent scientific curiosity. Rapidly applied loads are encountered in a number of technical applications. In some cases such loads might be applied deliberately, as for example in problems of blasting, mining, and comminution or fragmentation; in other cases, such dynamic loads might arise from accidental conditions. Regardless of the origin of the rapid loading, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms and mechanics of fracture under dynamic loading conditions in order to design suitable procedures for assessing the susceptibility to fracture. Quite apart from its repercussions in the area of structural integrity, fundamental scientific curiosity has continued to play a large role in engendering interest in dynamic fracture problems In-depth coverage of the mechanics, experimental methods, practical applications Summary of material response of different materials Discussion of unresolved issues in dynamic fracture
Author: Jiaji Du
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
Static and dynamic analyses of concrete failure based on fracture mechanics were conducted using crack-line wedge-loaded, double cantilever beam (CLWL-DCB) and edge-cracked, three point bend specimens under Mode I loading conditions, aimed at developing a mathematical model which describes the tensile failure process of concrete materials at the macro-level. The fracture process zone associated with a stably growing crack in concrete was determined by a hybrid experimental-numerical technique where a crack closure stress versus crack opening displacement (COD) relation of a finite element model of the specimen was optimized to fit the COD data, obtained by Moire interferometry with real reference grating, and other experimental measurements. For the first time, the crack closure stress versus COD relation of a fracture process zone in concrete was determined directly and was found to be similar to those obtained by others using inverse procedures. The crack closure stress versus COD relation for the two CLWL-DCB and edge-cracked, three point bend specimens were identical thus implying that this relation is a specimen-independent but material-dependent constitutive relation. The above static constitutive relation, with modifications to account for the differences in tensile strengths and aggregate sizes, were used to simulate the recorded dynamic crack propagation in large scale, impacted three point bend specimens (unnotched) by Mindess and the Charpy type impact tests by Shah. In both cases, dynamic finite element modeling with the adjusted constitutive equations for the fracture process zones simulated the measured crack propagation histories within the experimental accuracies. (kr).
Author: Elisabeth Bouchaud
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401006563
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
The main scope of this Cargese NATO Advanced Study Institute (June 5-17 2000) was to bring together a number of international experts, covering a large spectrum of the various Physical Aspects of Fracture. As a matter of fact, lecturers as well as participants were coming from various scientific communities: mechanics, physics, materials science, with the common objective of progressing towards a multi-scale description of fracture. This volume includes papers on most materials of practical interest: from concrete to ceramics through metallic alloys, glasses, polymers and composite materials. The classical fields of damage and fracture mechanisms are addressed (critical and sub-critical quasi-static crack propagation, stress corrosion, fatigue, fatigue-corrosion . . . . as well as dynamic fracture). Brittle and ductile fractures are considered and a balance has been carefully kept between experiments, simulations and theoretical models, and between the contributions of the various communities. New topics in damage and fracture mechanics - the effect of disorder and statistical aspects, dynamic fracture, friction and fracture of interfaces - were also explored. This large overview on the Physical Aspects of Fracture shows that the old barriers built between the different scales will soon "fracture". It is no more unrealistic to imagine that a crack initiated through a molecular dynamics description could be propagated at the grain level thanks to dislocation dynamics included in a crystal plasticity model, itself implemented in a finite element code. Linking what happens at the atomic scale to fracture of structures as large as a dam is the new emerging challenge.
Author: Jung-Heum Yon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
Author: Zdenek P. Bazant
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351447297
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 640
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Book Description
Fracture and Size Effect in Concrete and Other Quasibrittle Materials is the first in-depth text on the application of fracture mechanics to the analysis of failure in concrete structures. The book synthesizes a vast number of recent research results in the literature to provide a comprehensive treatment of the topic that does not give merely the facts - it provides true understanding. The many recent results on quasibrittle fracture and size effect, which were scattered throughout many periodicals, are compiled here in a single volume. This book presents a well-rounded discussion of the theory of size effect and scaling of failure loads in structures. The size effect, which is the most important practical manifestation of fracture behavior, has become a hot topic. It has gained prominence in current research on concrete and quasibrittle materials. The treatment of every subject in Fracture and Size Effect in Concrete and Other Quasibrittle Materials proceeds from simple to complex, from specialized to general, and is as concise as possible using the simplest level of mathematics necessary to treat the subject clearly and accurately. Whether you are an engineering student or a practicing engineer, this book provides you with a clear presentation, including full derivations and examples, from which you can gain real understanding of fracture and size effect in concrete and other quasibrittle materials.
Author: N. Morozov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540697128
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
In this book a new phenomenological approach to brittle medium fracture initiation under shock pulses is developped. It provides an opportunity to estimate fracture of media with and without macrodefects. A qualitative explanation is thus obtained for a number of principally important effects of high-speed dynamic fracture that cannot be clarified within the framework of previous approaches. It is possible to apply this new strategy to resolve applied problems of disintegration, erosion, and dynamic strength determination of structural materials. Specialists can use the methods described to determine critical characteristics of dynamic strength and optimal effective fracture conditions for rigid bodies. This book can also be used as a special educational course on deformation of materials and constructions, and fracture mechanics.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
