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Author: Internationale Vereinigung für Vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft und Volkswirtschaftslehre zu Berlin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Berlin (Germany)
Languages : en
Pages : 1046
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Author: Internationale Vereinigung für Vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft und Volkswirtschaftslehre zu Berlin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Berlin (Germany)
Languages : en
Pages : 1046
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Book Description
Author: Miranda Sachs
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197638457
Category : Child labor
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
In the final decades of the nineteenth century, the French Third Republic attempted to carve out childhood as a distinct legal and social category. Previously, working-class girls and boys had labored and trained alongside adults. Concerned about future citizens, lawmakers expanded access to education, regulated child labor, and developed child welfare programs. They directed working-class youths to age-segregated spaces, such as vocational schools or juvenile prisons. With these policies, they distinguished the youthful worker from the adult worker and the juvenile delinquent from the adult criminal. Through their emphasis on age, these policies defined childhood as a universal stage of life. And yet, they also reproduced inequalities in the experience of childhood. In An Age to Work, Miranda Sachs considers the role of the welfare state in reinforcing class and gender-based divisions within childhood. She argues that agents of the welfare state, such as child labor inspectors and social workers, played a crucial role in standardizing the path from childhood to the workforce. By enforcing age-based rules, such as child labor laws, they attempted to protect working class children. But they also policed these chidren's productivity and enforced gender-specific labor practices. An Age to Work also enters the streets and apartments of working-class Paris to examine how the laboring classes envisioned and experienced childhood. Although working-class parents continued to see childhood as a more fluid category, they agreed with state actors that their offspring should grow up to be productive. They too mobilized the welfare state to ensure this outcome. By interrogating these diverse perspectives, An Age to Work reveals that the same sort of welfare system that created social hierarchies in France's colonies reinforced the class system at home.
Author: Colin Heywood
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521892773
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
The central theme of this book is the changing experience of childhood in nineteenth-century France.
Author: Robyn Linde
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190601388
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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How does an idea that forms in the minds of a few activists in one part of the world become a global norm that nearly all states obey? How do human rights ideas spread? In this book, Robyn Linde tracks the diffusion of a single human rights norm: the abolition of the death penalty for child offenders under the age of 18. The norm against the penalty diffused internationally through law--specifically, criminal law addressing child offenders, usually those convicted of murder or rape. Through detailed case studies and a qualitative, comparative approach to national law and practice, Linde argues that children played an important--though little known--role in the process of state consolidation and the building of international order. This occured through the promotion of children as international rights holders and was the outcome of almost two centuries of activism. Through an innovative synthesis of prevailing theories of power and socialization, Linde shows that the growth of state control over children was part of a larger political process by which the liberal state (both paternal and democratic) became the only model of acceptable and legitimate statehood and through which newly minted international institutions would find purpose. The book offers insight into the origins, spread, and adoption of human rights norms and law by elucidating the roles and contributions of principled actors and norm entrepreneurs at different stages of diffusion, and by identifying a previously unexplored pattern of change whereby resistant states were brought into compliance with the now global norm against the child death penalty. From the institutions and legacy of colonialism to the development and promotion of the global child--a collection of related, still changing norms of child welfare and protection--Linde demonstrates how a specifically Western conception of childhood and ideas about children shaped the current international system.
Author: André Dombrowski
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300270666
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
A stunning exploration of the vital links between Claude Monet's Impressionism and the time technologies that helped define modernity in the nineteenth century Monet's Minutes is a revelatory account charting the relationship between the works of Claude Monet (1840-1926)--founder of French Impressionism and one of the world's best-known painters--and the modern experience of time. André Dombrowski illuminates Monet's celebration of instantaneity in the context of the late nineteenth-century time technologies that underwrote it. Monet's version of Impressionism demonstrated an acute awareness of the particularly modern pressures of time, but until now scholars have not examined the histories and technologies of time and timekeeping that informed Impressionism's major stylistic shifts. Arguing that the fascination with instantaneity rejected the dulling cultures of newly routinized and standardized time, Monet's Minutes traces the evolution of Monet's art to what were then seismic shifts in the shape of time itself. In each chapter, Dombrowski focuses on the connections between a set of Monet's works and a specific technology or experience of time, while providing the voices of period critics responding to Impressionism. Grounded in exceptional research and analyses, this book offers new interpretations of key works by Monet and a fresh perspective on late nineteenth-century art, society, and modern temporality.
Author: International Working Group on Labour Market Regulation and Deregulation
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN: 9780773527270
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
For two decades economic and social policy in most of the world has been guided by the notion that economies function best when they are fully exposed to competitive market forces. In labour market policy, this approach is reflected in the widespread emphasis on "flexibility" - a euphemism for the retrenchment of income support and social security, the relaxation of labour market regulations, and the enhanced power of private actors to determine the terms of the employment relationship. These strategies have had marked effects on labour market outcomes, leading to greater vulnerability and polarization - and not always in ways that enhance worker-centred flexibility. The authors offer a more balanced analysis of the functioning and effects of labour market regulation and deregulation. By questioning the underpinnings of the "flexibility" paradigm, and revealing its often damaging impacts (on different countries, sectors, and constituencies), they challenge the conclusion that unregulated market forces produce optimal labour market outcomes. The authors conclude with several suggestions for how labour policy could be reformulated to promote both efficiency and equity.
Author: Joshua Cole
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 9780801437014
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
French government officials have long been known among Europeans for the special attention they give to the state of their population. In the first half of the nineteenth century, as Paris doubled in size and twice suffered the convulsions of popular revolution, civic leaders looked with alarm at what they deemed a dangerous population explosion. After defeat in the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, however, the falling birthrate generated widespread fears of cultural and national decline. In response, legislators promoted larger families and the view that a well-regulated family life was essential for France.In this innovative work of cultural history, Joshua Cole examines the course of French thinking and policymaking on population issues from the 1780s until the outbreak of the Great War. During these decades increasingly sophisticated statistical methods for describing and analyzing such topics as fertility, family size, and longevity made new kinds of aggregate knowledge available to social scientists and government officials. Cole recounts how this information heavily influenced the outcome of debates over the scope and range of public welfare legislation. In particular, as the fear of depopulation grew, the state wielded statistical data to justify increasing intervention in family life and continued restrictions on the autonomy of women.
Author: PAUL JULES VICTOR PIC
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1098
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wool
Languages : en
Pages : 1232
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