Author: Mayra Garcia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Developmental genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In order for an embryo to develop and form properly, the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes must be specified. This is accomplished by controlled regulation of gene expression that allows for the activation and repression of tissue specific genes. Patterning of the Drosophila dorsal-ventral axis is an excellent model for understanding how axis specification is controlled. The dorsal-ventral axis is patterned by a nuclear gradient of Dorsal that is highest in ventral regions of the embryo. Dorsal activates genes in a concentration dependent manner to establish early patterning of the embryo. The patterns are refined by interactions between Dorsal and other activators as well as repressors in both dorsal and ventral regions of the embryo. Until recently there was only evidence for repressors acting in ventral regions of the embryo but our studies and other recent studies have provided evidence to suggest that several repressors act in dorsal regions of the embryo to refine Dorsal target genes. Here we show that an element, the A-box, previously identified in the cis-regulatory module (CRM) of the gene intermediate neuroblast defective (ind), is necessary and sufficient to mediate dorsal repression and is also involved in activation of ind. We conducted an affinity chromatography assay and identified factors that bound the A-box element. One of the factors that bound to this element, Grh, activates ind. We also identified several chromatin-remodeling factors that may function to silence ind in dorsal regions of the embryo. Our results also indicate that a second tier of repression that is independent of the A-box element, mediates repression of ind via Dpp-signaling. We extended our studies to the CRMs of ventral neuroblast defective (vnd) and short gastrulation (sog). Using a chimeric CRM repression assay, we found that strong and weak dorsal repression are also mediated by the vnd and sog CRMs, respectively. This suggests that limiting amounts of Dorsal are not sufficient to establish the dorsal borders of dorsal-ventral patterning genes as was previously believed, and rather, repressors are used to establish these borders.
Dorsal-ventral Patterning and Gene Regulation in the Early Embryo of Drosophila Melanogaster
Author: Mayra Garcia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Developmental genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In order for an embryo to develop and form properly, the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes must be specified. This is accomplished by controlled regulation of gene expression that allows for the activation and repression of tissue specific genes. Patterning of the Drosophila dorsal-ventral axis is an excellent model for understanding how axis specification is controlled. The dorsal-ventral axis is patterned by a nuclear gradient of Dorsal that is highest in ventral regions of the embryo. Dorsal activates genes in a concentration dependent manner to establish early patterning of the embryo. The patterns are refined by interactions between Dorsal and other activators as well as repressors in both dorsal and ventral regions of the embryo. Until recently there was only evidence for repressors acting in ventral regions of the embryo but our studies and other recent studies have provided evidence to suggest that several repressors act in dorsal regions of the embryo to refine Dorsal target genes. Here we show that an element, the A-box, previously identified in the cis-regulatory module (CRM) of the gene intermediate neuroblast defective (ind), is necessary and sufficient to mediate dorsal repression and is also involved in activation of ind. We conducted an affinity chromatography assay and identified factors that bound the A-box element. One of the factors that bound to this element, Grh, activates ind. We also identified several chromatin-remodeling factors that may function to silence ind in dorsal regions of the embryo. Our results also indicate that a second tier of repression that is independent of the A-box element, mediates repression of ind via Dpp-signaling. We extended our studies to the CRMs of ventral neuroblast defective (vnd) and short gastrulation (sog). Using a chimeric CRM repression assay, we found that strong and weak dorsal repression are also mediated by the vnd and sog CRMs, respectively. This suggests that limiting amounts of Dorsal are not sufficient to establish the dorsal borders of dorsal-ventral patterning genes as was previously believed, and rather, repressors are used to establish these borders.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Developmental genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In order for an embryo to develop and form properly, the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes must be specified. This is accomplished by controlled regulation of gene expression that allows for the activation and repression of tissue specific genes. Patterning of the Drosophila dorsal-ventral axis is an excellent model for understanding how axis specification is controlled. The dorsal-ventral axis is patterned by a nuclear gradient of Dorsal that is highest in ventral regions of the embryo. Dorsal activates genes in a concentration dependent manner to establish early patterning of the embryo. The patterns are refined by interactions between Dorsal and other activators as well as repressors in both dorsal and ventral regions of the embryo. Until recently there was only evidence for repressors acting in ventral regions of the embryo but our studies and other recent studies have provided evidence to suggest that several repressors act in dorsal regions of the embryo to refine Dorsal target genes. Here we show that an element, the A-box, previously identified in the cis-regulatory module (CRM) of the gene intermediate neuroblast defective (ind), is necessary and sufficient to mediate dorsal repression and is also involved in activation of ind. We conducted an affinity chromatography assay and identified factors that bound the A-box element. One of the factors that bound to this element, Grh, activates ind. We also identified several chromatin-remodeling factors that may function to silence ind in dorsal regions of the embryo. Our results also indicate that a second tier of repression that is independent of the A-box element, mediates repression of ind via Dpp-signaling. We extended our studies to the CRMs of ventral neuroblast defective (vnd) and short gastrulation (sog). Using a chimeric CRM repression assay, we found that strong and weak dorsal repression are also mediated by the vnd and sog CRMs, respectively. This suggests that limiting amounts of Dorsal are not sufficient to establish the dorsal borders of dorsal-ventral patterning genes as was previously believed, and rather, repressors are used to establish these borders.
Regulation of Dorsal/ventral Patterning Genes by the Drosophila Morphogen Gradient Dorsal
Author: Duojia Pan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Book Description
Regulation of MiR-184 Gene Expression in Early Drosophila Development
Author: Chen Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
Book Description
In Drosophila melanogaster, the transcription factor Dorsal initiates dorsal-ventral (DV) patterning in the early embryo by activating or repressing genes, such as the transcription factors Twist and Snail, along the DV axis. Previous studies have shown that the microRNA gene miR-184 in the ventral portion of the embryos (the prospective mesoderm) at the early stages of Drosophila embryogenesis. In order to identify the tissue-specific enhancer that regulates miR-184 expression in the mesoderm, we generated transgenic fly lines and observed the expression of a reporter gene under the control of a potential cis-regulatory module (CRM). Our results show that this CRM is responsible for the regulation of miR-184 and furthermore, it is activated by Twist.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
Book Description
In Drosophila melanogaster, the transcription factor Dorsal initiates dorsal-ventral (DV) patterning in the early embryo by activating or repressing genes, such as the transcription factors Twist and Snail, along the DV axis. Previous studies have shown that the microRNA gene miR-184 in the ventral portion of the embryos (the prospective mesoderm) at the early stages of Drosophila embryogenesis. In order to identify the tissue-specific enhancer that regulates miR-184 expression in the mesoderm, we generated transgenic fly lines and observed the expression of a reporter gene under the control of a potential cis-regulatory module (CRM). Our results show that this CRM is responsible for the regulation of miR-184 and furthermore, it is activated by Twist.
The Development of Drosophila Melanogaster
Author: Michael Bate
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila melanogaster
Languages : en
Pages : 762
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drosophila melanogaster
Languages : en
Pages : 762
Book Description
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways and Transcription Factors in the Drosophila Embryo
Author: Jannette Rusch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Book Description
Muscle Development in Drosophilia
Author: Helen Sink
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780387300535
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
The different aspects of muscle development are considered from cellular, molecular and genetic viewpoints, and the text is supported by black/white and color illustrations. The book will appeal to those studying muscle development and muscle biology in any organism.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780387300535
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
The different aspects of muscle development are considered from cellular, molecular and genetic viewpoints, and the text is supported by black/white and color illustrations. The book will appeal to those studying muscle development and muscle biology in any organism.
Transcriptional Regulation of Dorsal-ventral Patterning in the Drosophila Embryo
Author: Jill Misa Shirokawa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 252
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 252
Book Description
Generation and Interpretation of Morphogen Gradients
Author: James Briscoe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 330
Book Description
Signalling by morphogens such as the Hedgehog family, Notch, Wingless/Wnt and various growth factors is essential during embryogenesis. The establishment of concentration gradients of these morphogens plays a key role during developmental patterning in all multicellular organisms, assuring that distinct cell/tissue types and organs appear at the right place in the right time during embryogenesis. Regulation of morphogen synthesis, trafficking and diffusion are all known to play a part in setting up these gradients, and a complex web of signaling mechanisms ensures that specific responses occur at the correct threshold concentration in the recipient cells whose fate depends on these morphogens.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 330
Book Description
Signalling by morphogens such as the Hedgehog family, Notch, Wingless/Wnt and various growth factors is essential during embryogenesis. The establishment of concentration gradients of these morphogens plays a key role during developmental patterning in all multicellular organisms, assuring that distinct cell/tissue types and organs appear at the right place in the right time during embryogenesis. Regulation of morphogen synthesis, trafficking and diffusion are all known to play a part in setting up these gradients, and a complex web of signaling mechanisms ensures that specific responses occur at the correct threshold concentration in the recipient cells whose fate depends on these morphogens.
Gastrulation
Author: Claudio D. Stern
Publisher: CSHL Press
ISBN: 9780879697075
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 802
Book Description
During gastrulation, tissue layers are formed and the overall body plan is established. This book is the definitive guide to this vitally important period in embryonic development, providing authoritative and up to date information that includes the first comprehensive interspecies comparison, cell movements and patterning events, the roles of individual genes and gene families, and the evolution of gastrulation.
Publisher: CSHL Press
ISBN: 9780879697075
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 802
Book Description
During gastrulation, tissue layers are formed and the overall body plan is established. This book is the definitive guide to this vitally important period in embryonic development, providing authoritative and up to date information that includes the first comprehensive interspecies comparison, cell movements and patterning events, the roles of individual genes and gene families, and the evolution of gastrulation.
Kaufman’s Atlas of Mouse Development Supplement
Author: Richard Baldock
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128009136
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development: With Coronal Sections continues the stellar reputation of the original Atlas by providing updated, in-depth anatomical content and morphological views of organ systems.The publication offers written descriptions of the developmental origins of the organ systems alongside high-resolution images for needed visualization of developmental processes. Matt Kaufman himself has annotated the coronal images in the same clear, meticulous style of the original Atlas. Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development: With Coronal Sections follows the original Atlas as a continuation of the standard in the field for developmental biologists and researchers across biological and biomedical sciences studying mouse development. Provides high-resolution images for best visualization of key developmental processes and structures Offers in-depth anatomy and morphological views of organ systems Written descriptions convey developmental origins of the organ systems
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128009136
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development: With Coronal Sections continues the stellar reputation of the original Atlas by providing updated, in-depth anatomical content and morphological views of organ systems.The publication offers written descriptions of the developmental origins of the organ systems alongside high-resolution images for needed visualization of developmental processes. Matt Kaufman himself has annotated the coronal images in the same clear, meticulous style of the original Atlas. Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development: With Coronal Sections follows the original Atlas as a continuation of the standard in the field for developmental biologists and researchers across biological and biomedical sciences studying mouse development. Provides high-resolution images for best visualization of key developmental processes and structures Offers in-depth anatomy and morphological views of organ systems Written descriptions convey developmental origins of the organ systems