Dormancy in Wheat Grain (Triticum Aestivum L.) PDF Download
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Author: Isabelle Marjorie Verry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Author: Isabelle Marjorie Verry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Author: Bahman Ehdaie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Germination
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
Author: Manoel Carlos Bassoi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 478
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Book Description
Author: Judith Rebecca Rathjen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is an important economic problem which affects a significant proportion of the Australian wheat crop through quality downgrading. Grain dormancy is the most effective means of overcoming germination in the wheat spikelet at harvest maturity. It has been a consistent observation over a long period of time that dormant red-grained wheat genotypes are almost more dormant than dormant white-grained genotypes. In white-grained wheat, there are two factors which contribute to dormancy, embryo sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) and an interacting and unknown seed coat factor. The proposed dormancy model is that complete dormancy can only be achieved with the coordinate expression of these two factors. This primary objective of this project was to determine the role of this putative seed coat factor in grain dormancy of white-grained wheat."--Abstract.
Author: Cong Rong Cheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is the germination of seed under wet environmental conditions whilst still on the mother plant prior to harvest. In wheat, PHS causes farmers substantial economic losses due to quality downgrading. A high level of dormancy is regarded as an important mechanism of resistance to PHS in cereal species, such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Many dormancy quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified and the corresponding genes that impart tolerance to PHS are actively being sought. Besides genetic factors, environmental conditions during grain maturation have been shown to have profound effects on dormancy. These environmental factors include temperature, light, drought and nutrients. This project aimed to determine the role of high temperature shock during wheat seed maturation on its dormancy at harvest-ripeness. The results of these experiments showed that seed of dormant or intermediate dormant wheat genotypes may have lower dormancy levels after experiencing a high temperature shock (5 days of 40°C). The highest sensitivity towards high temperature shock is limited to a short "window" of approximately five days starting around 25 dpa. The sensitivity increases and reaches a peak at 25 to 30 days post anthesis (dpa), causing an effective and quicker release of dormancy. The sensitivity later decreases and high temperature becomes less influential on dormancy. For the dormant genotype SUN325B, release from dormancy occurred 35 days earlier if treated with temperature shock. There was no significant correlation between the timing of the peak of sensitivity and factors such as daily temperatures before temperature shock, humidity or subsequent grain moisture losses. However, the stronger the intensity (40°C versus 35°C) and longer duration (5 days versus
Author: Thomas Benjamin Biddulph
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Abscisic acid
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
[Truncated abstract] Wheat is the main crop in Australia and there are stringent quality requirements. Preharvest sprouting induced by rainfall between maturity and harvest lowers grain quality from premium to feed grades and reduces yield. Wheat production has expanded into the southern Western Australian region where preharvest sprouting occurs in ~1 in 4 seasons and development of more preharvest sprouting tolerant genotypes is required. The main mechanism for improving preharvest sprouting tolerance is grain dormancy. There is genetic variation for dormancy based in the embryo and seed coat but dormancy is complex and is influenced by environmental conditions during grain filling and maturation. Screening and selecting for preharvest sprouting tolerance is problematic and the level of tolerance needed for regions which differ in the level of dormancy they impose, requires clarification. The research presented here aims to answer the underlying question for breeders of how much dormancy is required for preharvest sprouting tolerance in contrasting target environments of the central and coastal wheat belt regions of Western Australia. In the central and coastal wheat belt regions, field trials with modified environments were used to determine the environmental influence on dormancy. Water supply (without directly wetting the grain) and air temperature were modified during grain development in a range of genotypes with different mechanisms of dormancy to determine the influence of environment on dormancy. ... Genotypes with embryo dormancy were consistently the most preharvest sprouting tolerant, even though this dormancy was influenced by the environmental conditions in the different seasons. Pyramiding the embryo component with the specific seed coat component and/or awnless head trait removed some of the environmental variation in preharvest sprouting tolerance, but this was generally considered excessive to the environmental requirements. The methods developed here, of field imposed stresses may provide a valuable tool to further understand the influence of environment on the regulation of dormancy, as different phenotypes can be made with the same genotype. Moisture stress, sudden changes in water supply or high temperatures during the late dough stages influenced dormancy phenotype and should be considered and avoided if possible when selecting locations and running trials for screening for genetic differences in preharvest sprouting tolerance. In the Western Australian context, the embryo component of dormancy appeared to be sufficient and should be adopted as the most important trait for breeding for preharvest sprouting tolerance.
Author: Daryl Mares
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429712081
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
A major constraint on the production of high-quality grain around the world, pre-harvest sprouting in cereal crops causes substantial economic losses to producers and disrupts the processing, distribution, marketing, and storage of grain products. The solution to this problem must include a better understanding of the phenomenon, the development of
Author: David Adolf Sander
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dormancy in plants
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Author: Russell D. Freed
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dormancy in plants
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
Author: Kent Bradford
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405173270
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
The formation, dispersal and germination of seeds are crucial stages in the life cycles of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants. The unique properties of seeds, particularly their tolerance to desiccation, their mobility, and their ability to schedule their germination to coincide with times when environmental conditions are favorable to their survival as seedlings, have no doubt contributed significantly to the success of seed-bearing plants. Humans are also dependent upon seeds, which constitute the majority of the world’s staple foods (e.g., cereals and legumes). Seeds are an excellent system for studying fundamental developmental processes in plant biology, as they develop from a single fertilized zygote into an embryo and endosperm, in association with the surrounding maternal tissues. As genetic and molecular approaches have become increasingly powerful tools for biological research, seeds have become an attractive system in which to study a wide array of metabolic processes and regulatory systems. Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination provides a comprehensive overview of seed biology from the point of view of the developmental and regulatory processes that are involved in the transition from a developing seed through dormancy and into germination and seedling growth. It examines the complexity of the environmental, physiological, molecular and genetic interactions that occur through the life cycle of seeds, along with the concepts and approaches used to analyze seed dormancy and germination behavior. It also identifies the current challenges and remaining questions for future research. The book is directed at plant developmental biologists, geneticists, plant breeders, seed biologists and graduate students.
