Distance Perception with a Camera-based Rear Vision System in Actual Driving PDF Download
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Author: Michael J. Flannagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
This study examined drivers’ perceptions of distance to a rearward vehicle while using a camera-based rear vision system in actual driving conditions. Participants drove an instrumented car equipped with conventional rearview mirrors and with a camera rear vision system. Using various configurations of these rear vision systems, they observed the approach of an overtaking car and indicated the last moment at which it would be safe to initiate a lane-change maneuver in front of it. Their judgments were strongly affected by the type of display used to observe the overtaking car. The longest distances were obtained with the camera-based display at unit magnification. Distances were substantially shorter with the conventional mirror and with the camera-based display at 0.5 magnification. These results are consistent with results from an earlierstudy conducted under static conditions.
Author: Michael J. Flannagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
This study examined drivers’ perceptions of distance to a rearward vehicle while using a camera-based rear vision system in actual driving conditions. Participants drove an instrumented car equipped with conventional rearview mirrors and with a camera rear vision system. Using various configurations of these rear vision systems, they observed the approach of an overtaking car and indicated the last moment at which it would be safe to initiate a lane-change maneuver in front of it. Their judgments were strongly affected by the type of display used to observe the overtaking car. The longest distances were obtained with the camera-based display at unit magnification. Distances were substantially shorter with the conventional mirror and with the camera-based display at 0.5 magnification. These results are consistent with results from an earlierstudy conducted under static conditions.
Author: Michael J. Flannagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
The effects of image size on perceived distance have been of concern for convex rearview mirrors as well as camera-based rear vision systems. We suggest that the importance of image size is limited to cases—such as current rearview mirrors—in which the field of view is small. With larger, richer fields of view it is likely that other distance cues will dominate image size, thereby substantially diminishing the concern that distortions of size will result in distortions of distance perception. We report results from an experiment performed in a driving simulator, with static simulated rearward images, in which subjects were asked to make judgments about the distance to a rearward vehicle. The images showed a field of view substantially wider than provided by any of the individual rearview mirrors in current systems. The field of view was 38 degrees wide and was presented on displays that were either 16.7 or 8.5 degrees wide, thus minifying images by factors of 0.44 or 0.22. In contrast to previous studies of convex mirrors and camera-based rear vision systems, judgments about distance were not affected by image size, suggesting that distance cues other than size were available to subjects as they made their judgments. Further testing is needed to better understand the nature of the distance cues that drivers are able to use in camera-based rear vision systems, but these results suggest that, at least under some conditions, image size is not critical for reliable perception of distance.
Author: Anestis Terzis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319296116
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 539
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Book Description
This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of Camera Monitor Systems (CMS), ranging from the ISO 16505-based development aspects to practical realization concepts. It offers readers a wide-ranging discussion of the science and technology of CMS as well as the human-interface factors of such systems. In addition, it serves as a single reference source with contributions from leading international CMS professionals and academic researchers.In combination with the latest version of UN Regulation No. 46, the normative framework of ISO 16505 permits CMS to replace mandatory rearview mirrors in series production vehicles. The handbook includes scientific and technical background information to further readers’ understanding of both of these regulatory and normative texts.It is a key reference in the field of automotive CMS for system designers, members of standardization and regulation committees, engineers, students and researchers.
Author: Michael J. Flannagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Advances in electronic countermeasures for lane-change crashes, including both camera-based rear vision systems and object-detection systems, have provided more options for meeting driver needs than were previously available with rearview mirrors. To some extent, human factors principles can be used to determine what countermeasures would best meet driver needs. However, it is also important to examine sets of crash data as closely as possible for the information they may provide. We review previous analyses of crash data and attempt to reconcile the implications of these analyses with each other as well as with general human factors principles. We argue that the data seem to indicate that the contribution of blind zones to lane-change crashes is substantial. Consequently, as decisions are made about electronic countermeasures for lane-change crashes, the first goal should be to support drivers' own perceptual capabilities by eliminating blind zones, as could be done with camera-based displays. More elaborate systems that could bypass driver perception with artificial object-detection capabilities might also be useful, because they could address crashes attributable to driver weaknesses in areas beyond basic sensation, such as attention or decision making. However, design of such systems should take into account any remaining blind zone problems.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobile driving
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
Author: Michael J. Flannagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Convex rearview mirrors are currently prohibited in the U.S. as original equipment on passenger cars except for the exterior, passenger-side position. One of the primary reasons for this restriction is a concern that convex mirrors may cause drivers to overestimate the distances to following vehicles and therefore make unsafe maneuvers. There is a considerable amount of empirical evidence that convex mirrors do cause overestimation, but the effect is not theoretically well understood. No currently available model successfully predicts the magnitude of the distance overestimation. However, plausible theoretical considerations can be used to generate a previously untested prediction that, even if only qualitatively accurate, would be of practical significance: Eye-to-mirror distance should have a substantial effect on the magnitude of overestimation caused by convex mirrors. Specifically, longer eye-to-mirror distances (as are typical for passenger-side mirrors) should lead to more overestimation than shorter distances (as are typical for driver-side mirrors). This prediction was tested in a field experiment in which flat and convex mirrors were used on a car in both the driver-side and passenger-side exterior rearview mirror positions. Longer eye-to-mirror distance did lead to greater overestimation, although—as in previous studies—in both mirror positions the degree of overestimation was less than predicted by quantitative modeling. These results suggest that, to the extent that overestimation of distances to following vehicles is a concern for the use of convex rearview mirrors, that concern is lessstrong for the driver-side exterior position (which is relatively near to the driver’s eyes) than for passenger-side exterior position (which is relatively far from the driver’s eyes).
Author: Jianqiang Wang
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819963990
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
The book expounds the current research and development trend of intelligent safety technology of automobile, and analyzes and excavates the new safety technology to the automobile. It introduces the basic theory, core method, key technology, main system, test evaluation and innovation practice of intelligent safety of automobile for readers, providing a certain theoretical and practical basis for the safety development of the automobile.This book is elaborated from the perspective of the driver-vehicle-road system. The traffic accidents are divided into three stages for discussion: before, during and after the collision. This book constructs a new systematic structure for Safety theory and technical system of several key links, including system safety, operation safety, intelligent protection and safety evaluation. It will be a useful reference for researchers and practitioners in the field of automobile engineering and auto pilot.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 1000
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Book Description
Author: United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 870
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Book Description
Author: Fuchun Sun
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819906172
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 662
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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Cognitive Systems and Information Processing, ICCSIP 2022, held in Fuzhou, China, during November 18–20, 2022. The 47 papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 121 submissions. They were organized in the following topical sections as follows: Award; Algorithm; Application; Manipulation & Control; Hardware and Vision.
