Direction Modulated Brachytherapy High-Dose-Rate Treatment Of Cervical Cancer PDF Download
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Author: Dae Yup Han
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321891836
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
To achieve most effective cervical cancer breachytherapy treatment quality with image guided brachytherapy (IGBT), we propose a directional intensity modulate-available applicator. The direction modulate brachytherapy (DMBT) cervical cancer tandem applicator was designed to create non-isotropic dose distribution using tungsten alloy shielding in a tandem for an isotropic 192-Ir HDR radiation source. Conventional tandem has 6 mm in outer diameter with 1 channel, however, the DMBT tandem has 6 channels, which is 1.3 mm in diameter, on a surface of the tungsten alloy shield. Prototypes of the DMBT tandem was manufactured to prove of compatibilities with conventional clinical treatment systems such as MR image test, 192-Ir afterloader source delivering test, and so on. The Monte Calro code was used to calculate the non-isotropic 192-Ir dose distributions and in-house developed brachytherapy planning platform were used for plan re-optimizaiton. To evaluate a potential of the DMBT tandem, 3 different clinical treated patients group were re-optimized with DMBT tandem. The conventional tandem was replaced to the DMBT tandem for comparing differences while the ovoid or ring was kept in the same position. For comparing plan quality, HRCTV coverage was matched to each the clinical treated plans. The D2cc to OARs such as bladder, rectum, and sigmoid was recorded and compared. The first group was 75 clinical cases, which treated with the conventional tandem and ovoids (T&O) applicator. In the second group, a patient case with 5 brachytherapy fractions course was evaluated. From the 3rd to 5th fraction, supplementary free loaded needles were used. To evaluate the DMBT tandem potential of covering irregular HRCTV growth patters, the clinical plans were compared with DMBT and ovoid (without supplement needles) plans. The last group was clinical treated patient cases treated with T&R with combined intracavitary- interstitial applicator with PDR brachytherapy afterloader. The free loaded needles and the attached to ring applicator needles were modified to investigate the DMBT tandem covering availability of an irregular growth pattern of the HRCTV.
Author: Dae Yup Han
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321891836
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
Get Book Here
Book Description
To achieve most effective cervical cancer breachytherapy treatment quality with image guided brachytherapy (IGBT), we propose a directional intensity modulate-available applicator. The direction modulate brachytherapy (DMBT) cervical cancer tandem applicator was designed to create non-isotropic dose distribution using tungsten alloy shielding in a tandem for an isotropic 192-Ir HDR radiation source. Conventional tandem has 6 mm in outer diameter with 1 channel, however, the DMBT tandem has 6 channels, which is 1.3 mm in diameter, on a surface of the tungsten alloy shield. Prototypes of the DMBT tandem was manufactured to prove of compatibilities with conventional clinical treatment systems such as MR image test, 192-Ir afterloader source delivering test, and so on. The Monte Calro code was used to calculate the non-isotropic 192-Ir dose distributions and in-house developed brachytherapy planning platform were used for plan re-optimizaiton. To evaluate a potential of the DMBT tandem, 3 different clinical treated patients group were re-optimized with DMBT tandem. The conventional tandem was replaced to the DMBT tandem for comparing differences while the ovoid or ring was kept in the same position. For comparing plan quality, HRCTV coverage was matched to each the clinical treated plans. The D2cc to OARs such as bladder, rectum, and sigmoid was recorded and compared. The first group was 75 clinical cases, which treated with the conventional tandem and ovoids (T&O) applicator. In the second group, a patient case with 5 brachytherapy fractions course was evaluated. From the 3rd to 5th fraction, supplementary free loaded needles were used. To evaluate the DMBT tandem potential of covering irregular HRCTV growth patters, the clinical plans were compared with DMBT and ovoid (without supplement needles) plans. The last group was clinical treated patient cases treated with T&R with combined intracavitary- interstitial applicator with PDR brachytherapy afterloader. The free loaded needles and the attached to ring applicator needles were modified to investigate the DMBT tandem covering availability of an irregular growth pattern of the HRCTV.
Author: Elodie Rachel Mok Tsze Chung
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Optimization approaches for treatment planning in two novel high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy techniques, direction-modulation brachytherapy (DMBT) and energy-modulated brachytherapy (EMBT), are investigated for cervical cancer and prostate cancer. Brachytherapy is a form of radiation therapy where a radioactive source is placed inside the body to irradiate the tumour internally. Conventionally, only one source is used and it is unshielded, thus providing an isotropic dose distribution. DMBT makes use of a new shielded applicator that is capable of delivering highly directional radiation distributions. In EMBT, three HDR sources, 192Ir, 60Co, and 169Yb, are used in combination to provide variety in dose profiles. To investigate the benefit of these two new techniques over conventional brachytherapy, we use an inverse planning approach to generate the treatment plans. We model the treatment planning problem as a quadratic program and use an interior point constraint generation algorithm to generate the treatment plans.
Author: Marc Morcos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"The critical limitation with brachytherapy is the rotationally symmetric dose distribution provided by brachytherapy sources, delivering high dose to the tumor but often with poor tumor conformity due to the non-symmetrical shape of the tumors resulting in dose spillage to surrounding healthy tissues. Intensity modulated brachytherapy (IMBT) utilizes radiation-attenuating shields to produce highly anisotropic dose distributions. Dynamic shield IMBT makes use of shield(s) which rotate around a conventional high dose rate brachytherapy source. By varying the position of the source and amount of time it dwells at each position combined with the rotation angle of the shield, a patient-specific dose distribution can be produced which better conforms to the tumor topology while reducing dose to radiosensitive organs-at-risk (OARs). Conventional intracavitary cervix brachytherapy provides a cylindrically symmetric pear-shaped dose distribution, adequate for treating small tumors contained within the uterine body. Large tumors extending into the parametrial and/or paravaginal tissues cannot be safely treated without overdosing nearby OARs. In advanced cases, the intracavitary implant is supplemented with interstitial brachytherapy needles, enabling conformal dose delivery to the tumor while reducing dose to the OARs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided hybrid intracavitary-interstitial high dose rate brachytherapy has increased the local control without increasing morbidity for large tumors, compared to the intracavitary brachytherapy alone. Interstitial brachytherapy, which allows the clinicians to treat large or irregular tumors that are hard to reach, is the most invasive, complex and resource demanding brachytherapy technique. Despite the excellent clinical results, this treatment is not available to all patients due to its invasive nature, lack of resources and trained radiation oncologists. Intracavitary dynamic shield cervix IMBT holds the promise of safely increasing the tumoricidal dose coverage to the irregular tumor periphery. Intracavitary dynamic shield IMBT will increase the therapeutic ratio and the probability of a curative outcome with minimal quality of life detriment without use of interstitial needles, which will make it available to a larger population of patients. The aim of this thesis was to investigate a novel method of delivering dynamic shield IMBT for the treatment of cervical cancer. A retrospective treatment planning study was then carried out to demonstrate the dosimetric benefit of dynamic shield IMBT using our most promising shield design (flute). Using images from 36 cervical cancer patients, conventional brachytherapy was compared to our IMBT applicator using 192Ir, 75Se and 169Yb. For women with smaller (30 cm3) tumor volumes, IMBT achieved a significantly higher tumor dose up to 6.7% while simultaneously reducing dose to OARs by up to 7.7%. IMBT benefits increase with decreasing radionuclide average photon energy (192Ir̉75Sẻ169Yb). For patients with larger (30 cm3) tumor volumes which regularly require the addition of interstitial brachytherapy needles, needle-free IMBT was comparable with 169Yb-based IMBT further improving tumor dose and reducing sigmoid dose by 1.5% and 1.9%, respectively, all without having to implant needles. We reported our findings and have made recommendations regarding the clinical adoption of IMBT and lower energy radionuclides. Dynamic shield cervix IMBT system holds great promise for increasing the therapeutic ratio and making brachytherapy accessible to more patients"--
Author: Phillip M. Devlin
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 9780781762779
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
Written by the foremost experts in the field, this volume is a comprehensive text and practical reference on contemporary brachytherapy. The book provides detailed, site-specific information on applications and techniques of brachytherapy in the head and neck, central nervous system, breast, thorax, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract, as well as on gynecologic brachytherapy, low dose rate and high dose rate sarcoma brachytherapy, vascular brachytherapy, and pediatric applications. The book thoroughly describes and compares the four major techniques used in brachytherapy—intracavity, interstitial, surface-dose or mold therapy, and transluminal. Chapters detail particular techniques that are appropriate in specific clinical situations.
Author: Kevin Albuquerque
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030014436
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
This book is a practical guide to the use of modern radiation therapy techniques in women with gynecological cancers. Step-by-step instruction is provided on simulation, contouring, and treatment planning and delivery for cancers of the cervix, endometrium, vagina, and vulva. Beyond external beam radiation delivery, full details are presented on three-dimensional brachytherapy at all sites for which it is applicable. Moreover, in-depth guidance is offered on the various advanced techniques of radiation delivery, including intensity-modulated radiation therapy, image guidance for external beam and brachytherapy, and stereotactic body radiotherapy. Radiation therapy is a critical component of the multidisciplinary management of gynecological tumors. With modern technology, both external beam radiation and brachytherapy can be delivered in a highly conformal way. This requires precise contouring and accurate planning techniques. In clearly describing the indications for and the delivery of quality radiation therapy for gynecological tumors, this book will benefit radiation oncologists, medical physicists, medical dosimetrists, radiation therapists, and radiotherapy residents.
Author: Bruce Thomadsen
Publisher: Medical Physics Publishing Corporation
ISBN: 9781930524248
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 965
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Book Description
This text is organized into 6 sections: Fundamentals; Dosimetry; Interstitial Fundamentals; Interstitial Applications; Intercavitary Applications for Gynecological Cancer, and Unconventiional Delivery Systems. The book includes a CD-ROM containing an electronic version of the book (with many illustrations in full color) plus a compiled list of references.
Author: Yasuo Yoshioka
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811304904
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of major technical advances and research findings in the field of brachytherapy. Especially research conducted on brachytherapy in Japan has made tremendous strides, offering readers valuable insights into new treatment outcomes, evidence and techniques. In the respective chapters, each author elucidates cutting-edge findings, addressing both the basic and clinical aspects including the application to various cancers, and especially focusing on highly valuable data gleaned in Japan. As such, the book will benefit not only radiation oncologists but also basic researchers, radiation technologists, medical physicists and members of medical staff who are involved in the development and utilization of this advanced therapy.
Author: Simon S. Lo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364225604X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as an important innovative treatment for various primary and metastatic cancers. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the physical/technological, biological, and clinical aspects of SBRT. It will serve as a detailed resource for this rapidly developing treatment modality. The organ sites covered include lung, liver, spine, pancreas, prostate, adrenal, head and neck, and female reproductive tract. Retrospective studies and prospective clinical trials on SBRT for various organ sites from around the world are examined, and toxicities and normal tissue constraints are discussed. This book features unique insights from world-renowned experts in SBRT from North America, Asia, and Europe. It will be necessary reading for radiation oncologists, radiation oncology residents and fellows, medical physicists, medical physics residents, medical oncologists, surgical oncologists, and cancer scientists.
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher: IAEA Human Health
ISBN: 9789201072146
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Brachytherapy is an essential component of the curative treatment of cervical cancer, a disease with high incidence in many developing countries The IAEA supports the use of high dose rate brachytherapy for centres with a large number of patients with this disease. HDR brachytherapy is also used in other common cancers such as breast cancer, lung, esophagus and prostate. This publication provides guidance to radiation oncologists, medical physicists and planners on establishing and operating a high dose rate brachytherapy unit with modern standards and presents the main issues to be addressed for its effective and safe operation.
Author: B.R. Thomadsen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780750305549
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Achieving Quality in Brachytherapy addresses the main issues that often prevent correct delivery of brachytherapy treatment. The book explains how to set up a functional quality assurance program in brachytherapy and covers all the steps needed to undertake particular treatment plans, from the initial planning required to the detailed specification. It highlights the importance of planning as a means of controlling and dealing with errors during the treatment process and advises on what to check and how to check during treatment to ensure effective quality assurance. This comprehensive reference is ideal for professionals working in brachytherapy, physics, and radiation oncology, and serves as an introduction for trainees with an undergraduate degree in medical physics or clinical radiation oncology.
