Author: Daniela Forero Nuñez
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3961164584
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
The so-called social individualization shaped sociological discourse, especially in Germany, until the 1980s, challenging the previous conception of a rather static social structure, predetermined by class and status. Recently, in view of the increasing social inequalities in western societies, concepts like class and cleavage seem to reappear in the debate. The reincarnation of class in post-modern societies makes room for diametral opposite living environments and lifestyles hard to reconcile with each other. Moving to the political dimension, the concept of cleavage1 links individual political values and beliefs with macro-institutional aspects of political systems, enriching thus the debate on how political parties mobilize particular social groups. Given that this development concerns several western societies, a row of terms has emerged to illustrate this phenomenon in different national contexts. Western European political systems have responded to the increasing relevance of the cultural dimension and have reconfigured themselves, giving birth to and consolidating right-populist parties since the 2010s. Globalization has further accentuated this cultural conflict line, making room for fully antagonistic views on cultural issues, such as immigration. Hence, political parties have turned into agents of the political-cultural ressentiment resulting from globalization, or have moved towards more progressive political agendas, appealing to those generally profiting from a changing world. Assuming that this phenomenon responds to a transformation of the social structure beyond national borders and applies therefore to the selected cases of study, the present paper aims to analyze whether there are any significant national differences between the French and German right-populist parties Rassemblement National and the Alternative für Deutschland and the new- left parties La République en Marche and Bündnis 90/Die Grünen in their approving or disapproving positionings regarding immigration and multicultural identity, two of the most prominent cultural issues nowadays.
Author: Daniela Forero Nuñez
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3346695492
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject Politics - Other International Politics Topics, grade: 1,3, University of Frankfurt (Main) (Political Sciences with a Focus on Qualitative Empirical Social Research), course: Forschungspraktikum: Politische Ökonomie und die Struktur des sozialstaatlichen Konfliktes, language: English, abstract: This paper aims to analyze whether there are any significant national differences between the French and German right-populist parties Rassemblement National and the Alternative für Deutschland and the new-left parties La République en Marche and Bündnis 90/Die Grünen in their approving or disapproving positionings regarding immigration and multicultural identity, two of the most prominent cultural issues nowadays. The so-called social individualization shaped sociological discourse, especially in Germany, until the 1980s, challenging the previous conception of a rather static social structure, predetermined by class and status. Recently, in view of the increasing social inequalities in western societies, concepts like class and cleavage seem to reappear in the debate. The reincarnation of class in post-modern societies makes room for diametral opposite living environments and lifestyles hard to reconcile with each other. Moving to the political dimension, the concept of cleavage1 links individual political values and beliefs with macro-institutional aspects of political systems, enriching thus the debate on how political parties mobilize particular social groups. Given that this development concerns several western societies, a row of terms has emerged to illustrate this phenomenon in different national contexts. Western European political systems have responded to the increasing relevance of the cultural dimension and have reconfigured themselves, giving birth to and consolidating right-populist parties since the 2010s. Globalization has further accentuated this cultural conflict line, making room for fully antagonistic views on cultural issues, such as immigration. Hence, political parties have turned into agents of the political-cultural ressentiment resulting from globalization, or have moved towards more progressive political agendas, appealing to those generally profiting from a changing world.
Author: Kris Deschouwer
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191507482
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Modern democracy is organized as a representative democracy in which those representing the people are elected to office. Political parties play a crucial role in this. They select the candidates, form or oppose governments, and organize the work of the representatives in parliament. This model of democracy is however being criticized. Parties are hardly trusted and voters have become volatile. How, then, do elected representatives of the people see and fulfil their role? To study this a survey was organized among the members of statewide and sub-state parliaments in fifteen countries. Members of seventy-three parliamentary assemblies were asked how they perceive their representative role, what they do to keep in touch with voters, how they behave and vote in parliament and how they will try to get re-elected. One of the ways in which candidates and elected members of parliament might react to the changing conditions in which they have to represent the people is by stressing more personal characteristics as opposed to the party label and party ideology. Representation might then become more a matter of personal choice. The results of the survey presented in this book do however confirm quite strongly that representation is very much shaped by the political institutions in which it is performed. Representation differs between countries, between different electoral systems, between statewide and regional parliaments, and depends strongly on the party to which a member of parliament belongs. Representation depends not as much on who the representatives are, as on where they are.
Author: Anna Péczeli
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781952565090
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
For decades, nuclear deterrence has been at the heart of the transatlantic relationship between the United States and Europe. It underpins European security, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) continuously commits to remaining a nuclear alliance as long as nuclear weapons exist. And yet, with a few important exceptions, transatlantic dialogue on nuclear issues largely declined with the end of the Cold War, particularly among non-governmental experts--and has only started to be revived in recent years. Rebuilding deterrence dialogue in response to a shifting strategic landscape is an important step in strengthening not only the transatlantic partnership, but also European security. This paper collection explores the evolving deterrence dialogue in Europe and identifies ways to inject new momentum into that dialogue. Renewed attention on the issue is particularly timely as European actors confront an adventurist Russia, rising China, and new technologies that will impact nuclear deterrence, U.S.-Europe relations, and institutions such as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
Author: David Hanley
Publisher: Palgrave MacMillan
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
The vast literature on globalization integration and supranational bodies such as the EU dwells mainly on the problems which such processes pose for the nation-state. States are seen as needing to provide responses to these new challenges, but parties within those states are equally challenged. David Hanley examines how parties address those challenges and the manner in which parties act at supranational level.
Author: Antimo Luigi Farro
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN: 9783030913229
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
This book is a sociological description and analysis of urban collective actions, protests, resistance, and riots that started in the 1990s and continue in different forms to this date in Rome, Italy. Through participant observation, ethnographic study, and in-depth qualitative interviews—often occurring during times of protest or even violent action—this book studies a variety of urban realities: grassroots movements, anti-migrant district riots, and the daily lives of the fluid and fluctuating multi-ethnic groups in the city. Ultimately, this book gives voice to some of the protagonists involved, proposing interpretations to each reality described, but also making cross-connections with politics and migration when pertinent. It offers a new understanding of urban collective actions cognizant of the 'common goods', but also of the emergence of new right-wing populism.
Author: Sara B. Hobolt
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199665680
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
This book analyzes whether citizens blame and credit European Union (EU) institutions for policy failures and successes, and how that matters when people make decisions about those institutions.
Author: Raymond M. Duch
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139470620
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 359
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Book Description
This book proposes a selection model for explaining cross-national variation in economic voting: Rational voters condition the economic vote on whether incumbents are responsible for economic outcomes, because this is the optimal way to identify and elect competent economic managers under conditions of uncertainty. This model explores how political and economic institutions alter the quality of the signal that the previous economy provides about the competence of candidates. The rational economic voter is also attentive to strategic cues regarding the responsibility of parties for economic outcomes and their electoral competitiveness. Theoretical propositions are derived, linking variation in economic and political institutions to variability in economic voting. The authors demonstrate that there is economic voting, and that it varies significantly across political contexts. The data consist of 165 election studies conducted in 19 different countries over a 20-year time period.
Author: Catherine E. De Vries
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192511904
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 251
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Book Description
The European Union (EU) is facing one of the rockiest periods in its existence. No time in its history has it looked so economically fragile, so unsecure about how to protect its borders, so divided over how to tackle the crisis of legitimacy facing its institutions, and so under assault of Eurosceptic parties. The unprecedented levels of integration in recent decades have led to increased public contestation, yet at the same the EU is more reliant on public support for its continued legitimacy than ever before. This book examines the role of public opinion in the European integration process. It develops a novel theory of public opinion that stresses the deep interconnectedness between people's views about European and national politics, and suggests that public opinion cannot simply be characterized as either Eurosceptic or not, but rather consists of different types. This is important because these types coincide with fundamentally different views about the way the EU should be reformed and which policy priorities should be pursued. These types also have very different consequences for behaviour in elections and referenda. Euroscepticism is such a diverse phenomenon because the Eurozone crisis has exacerbated the structural imbalances within the EU. As the economic and political fates of member states diverged, people's experiences with and evaluations of the EU and national political systems also grew further apart. The heterogeneity in public preferences that this book has uncovered makes a one-size-fits-all approach to addressing Euroscepticism unlikely to be successful.
Author: Daniele Albertazzi
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317535022
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
The main area of sustained populist growth in recent decades has been Western Europe, where populist parties have not only endured longer than expected, but have increasingly begun to enter government. Focusing on three high-profile cases in Italy and Switzerland – the Popolo della Libertà (PDL), Lega Nord (LN) and Schweizerische Volkspartei (SVP) – Populists in Power is the first in-depth comparative study to examine whether these parties are indeed doomed to failure in office as many commentators have claimed. Albertazzi and McDonnell’s findings run contrary to much of the received wisdom. Based on extensive original research and fieldwork, they show that populist parties can be built to last, can achieve key policy victories and can survive the experience of government, without losing the support of either the voters or those within their parties. Contributing a new perspective to studies in populist politics, Populists in Power is essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as scholars interested in modern government, parties and politics.
