Diesel Engines, Nitrogen Oxides Reduction Agent Aqueous Urea Solution 32 PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diesel motor
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diesel motor
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: International Organization for Standardization
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diesel motor
Languages : en
Pages : 43
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Book Description
Author: British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780580617478
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Road vehicles, Diesel engines, Diesel fuels, Additives, Urea, Internal combustion engines, Engine exhaust systems, Engine emission control devices, Catalysts, Road vehicle components, Exhaust gases, Nitrogen oxides, Chemical analysis and testing
Author: British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780580495144
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Book Description
Road vehicles, Diesel engines, Diesel fuels, Additives, Urea, Internal combustion engines, Engine exhaust systems, Engine emission control devices, Catalysts, Road vehicle components, Exhaust gases, Nitrogen oxides, Quality, Chemical properties
Author: British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780580568992
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Road vehicles, Diesel engines, Diesel fuels, Additives, Urea, Internal combustion engines, Engine exhaust systems, Engine emission control devices, Catalysts, Exhaust gases, Nitrogen oxides, Materials handling, Transportation, Storage
Author: British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780580563843
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Road vehicles, Diesel engines, Diesel fuels, Additives, Internal combustion engines, Engine exhaust systems, Engine emission control devices, Catalysts, Exhaust gases, Nitrogen oxides, Commercial road vehicles, Filling devices, Fluid equipment components
Author: Anthony Timpanaro
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles -- Motors (Diesel) -- Catalytic converters -- Industrial applications
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The subject of this study is the effect of in-cylinder selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of NOx emissions in diesel exhaust gas by means of direct injection of aqueous urea ((NH2)2CO) into the combustion chamber. A single cylinder diesel test engine was modified to accept an electronically controlled secondary common rail injection system to deliver the aqueous urea directly into the cylinder during engine operation. Direct in-cylinder injection was chosen in order to ensure precise delivery of the reducing agent without the risk of any premature reactions taking place. Unlike direct in-cylinder injection of neat water, aqueous urea also works as a reducing agent by breaking down into ammonia (NH3) and Cyanuric Acid ((HOCN)3). These compounds serve as the primary reducing agents in the NOx reduction mechanism explored here. The main reducing agent, aqueous urea, was admixed with glycerol (C3H8O3) in an 80-20 ratio, by weight, to function as a lubricant for the secondary injector. The aqueous urea injection timing and duration is critical to the reduction of NOx emissions due to the dependence of SNCR NOx reduction on critical factors such as temperature, pressure, reducing agent to NOx ratio, Oxygen and radical content, residence time and NH3 slip. From scoping engine tests at loads of 40 percent and 80 percent at 1500 rpm, an aqueous urea injection strategy was developed. The final injection strategy chosen was four molar ratios, 4.0, 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 with five varying injection timings of 60, 20, 10, 0, and -30 degrees after top dead center (ATDC). In addition to the base line and aqueous urea tests, water injection and an 80-20 water-glycerol solution reduction agent tests were also conducted to compare the effects of said additives as well. The comparison of baseline and SNCR operation was expected to show that the urea acted as a reducing agent, lowering NOx emissions up to 100% (based on exhaust stream studies) in the diesel exhaust gas without the aid of a catalyst. The data collected from the engine tests showed that the aqueous urea-glycerol solution secondary had no effect on the reduction of NOx and even resulted in an increase of up to 5% in some tests. This was due to the low average in-cylinder temperature as well as a short residence time, prohibiting the reduction reaction from taking place. The neat water and water-glycerol solution secondary injection was found to have a reduction effect of up to 59% on NOx production in the emissions due to the evaporative cooling effect and increased heat capacity of the water.
Author: Robert Bosch GmbH
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119911907
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2051
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Book Description
The latest edition of the leading automotive engineering reference In the newly revised Eleventh Edition of the Bosch Automotive Handbook, a team of accomplished automotive experts delivers a comprehensive and authoritative resource for automotive engineers, designers, technicians, and students alike. Since 1936, the Bosch Automotive Handbook has been providing readers with of-the-moment coverage of the latest mechanical and research developments in automotive technology, from detailed technical analysis to the newest types of vehicles. This newest edition is packed with over 2,000 pages of up-to-date automotive info, making it the go-to reference for both engineers and technicians. It includes detailed and simple explanations of automotive technologies and offers over 1,000 diagrams, illustrations, sectional drawings, and tables. Readers will also find: 200 pages of new content, including the electrification of the powertrain Additional coverage on new driver assistance systems and the automated detection of vehicles’ surroundings Updates on the on-board power supply for commercial vehicles New discussions of autonomous vehicles, as well as additional contributions from experts at automotive manufacturers, universities, and Bosch GmbH Perfect for design engineers, mechanics and technicians, and other automotive professionals, the latest edition of the Bosch Automotive Handbook will also earn a place on the bookshelves of car enthusiasts seeking a quick and up-to-date guide to all things automotive.
Author: Eric R. Snyder
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 654
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Book Description
Abstract: Diesel engines offer significant advantages over spark-ignited engines in terms of peak torque production, carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, and fuel consumption (and associated carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions known to cause the greenhouse effect). However, lean exhaust conditions render conventional three-way catalysts ineffective, making nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction a considerable challenge. With increasing environmental concerns and stringent pending regulation of diesel exhaust emissions, urea-Selective Catalytic Reduction (urea-SCR) has emerged as a potential technology pathway to meet US 2007/2010 and Euro IV/V NOx emissions criterion. This technology uses ammonia (NH3) generated from aqueous urea as the NOx reducing agent. Water injection in the intake system has also demonstrated the potential for significant reductions in engine-out NOx emissions.
Author: Isabella Nova
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489980717
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 715
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Book Description
Urea-SCR Technology for deNOx After Treatment of Diesel Exhausts presents a complete overview of the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia/urea. The book starts with an illustration of the technology in the framework of the current context (legislation, market, system configurations), covers the fundamental aspects of the SCR process (catalysts, chemistry, mechanism, kinetics) and analyzes its application to useful topics such as modeling of full scale monolith catalysts, control aspects, ammonia injections systems and integration with other devices for combined removal of pollutants.
