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Author: Ernest R. Wokoun
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lane lines (Roads)
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Author: Ernest R. Wokoun
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lane lines (Roads)
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Ala R. Abbas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Road markings
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This study was initiated by ODOT to evaluate the performance of four pavement marking materials (fast dry traffic paint, polyester, extruded thermoplastic and epoxy) in order to determine which materials are most suitable for the environmental and traffic conditions in ODOT District 11, which contains mostly rural roads with relatively low traffic levels (ADT less than 5,000 vehicles per day) and some areas of mountainous terrain. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the performance of fast dry traffic paint and polyester as restriping materials; however, epoxy and thermoplastic were included in the evaluation for comparison purposes. The four materials were installed at 11 test sites distributed across the district on two-lane and four-lane highways having a variety of pavement types, pavement geometries, and traffic volumes. The performance of the pavement markings was evaluated in the field for a period of two years in terms of dry retroreflectivity, daytime color, and durability. Laboratory test procedures were also included to examine the quality of the glass beads used in this study. The field performance results were analyzed to determine the service life of the various marking materials. In addition, the results were used to estimate the life cycle cost of these materials and develop a material selection matrix for use in District 11. Based on the outcome of this study, it was recommended that District 11 continue to use epoxy on new asphalt and concrete surfaces and to use traffic paint for restriping applications. For two-lane roads with asphalt surfaces, it was recommended to restripe the edge lines every two years and restripe the centerlines every year. On selected roads with sharp curves that slope towards the Ohio River, it was recommended to restripe the centerlines as well as the edge lines on an annual basis to avoid run-off road crashes. For multi-lane roads with asphalt surfaces, it was recommended to restripe locations with low traffic and good pavement condition every two years and restripe all lines at locations with high traffic (ADT greater than or equal to 10,000 vehicles per day) or rough pavement condition (pavement condition rating (PCR) less than 80) every year. For all roads with concrete surfaces, it was recommended to restripe all lines every year regardless of the traffic level and pavement condition. One material that is increasingly being used in Ohio for striping and restriping applications on asphalt surfaces is spray thermoplastic. This material was not included in this study because it is not compatible with epoxy, which was previously installed on several of the test sites prior to the beginning of this project. Some districts reported favorable results from using spray thermoplastic. Therefore, District 11 is encouraged to look into using this less expensive material as an alternative for epoxy markings on new asphalt surfaces. It should be emphasized that the previous recommendations are specific to District 11 and may not be applicable to other ODOT districts due to variations in traffic levels, environmental conditions, and pavement marking material selection practices.
Author: John M. Dale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Road markings
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
Laboratory tests and field studies were conducted on the performance characteristics of conventional pavement marking materials currently in use. A discussion was presented of their shortcomings and studies conducted on the physical nature of reflective materials, with particular emphasis on performance characteristics under various types of water films. A new pavement marking was designed and tested with encouraging results. A systematic approach for the design of a pavement marking system has been developed wherein one qualifies the surface to be marked, determines the water film thickness to be encountered, and then selects one of the several marking systems that will perform under the imposed conditions.
Author: Tanvir Quasem
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Epoxy paint
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
This research work evaluated four pavement marking materials installed on pavements at 11 test sites located at ODOT District 11. Fast dry traffic paint, polyester, epoxy and thermoplastic were the four marking materials installed at the sites across the district on two-lane and four-lane highways having a variety of pavement types, pavement geometries, and traffic volumes. The main focus was to evaluate fast dry traffic paint and polyester as a restriping material, while epoxy and thermoplastic were evaluated for a purpose of comparison. Most of the sites were located on two-lane roads in rural locations, with an average daily traffic (ADT) of less than 5,000 vehicles per day and an average daily truck traffic (ADTT) of less than 1,000 trucks per day. Only two four-lane sites (located along US 22 in Jefferson County) were included because of their high traffic levels and to facilitate the comparison between two-lane and four-lane roads. Marking materials were installed on a 2 mile road section. The test section was divided into 4 segments each with a 0.5 mile length. In order to evaluate the performance of polyester and fast-dry traffic paint as restriping materials, a 0.1-mile portion of the right edge line in the middle of Sections 1 and 4 was left intact so that both materials could be installed over the existing markings. For the remaining portion of the sections, polyester and fast-dry traffic paint were installed on bare pavement surfaces after the removal of the existing pavement markings. Epoxy and thermoplastic was installed after removing existing marking material. Centerlines were restriped with polyester at section 1 and paint at other sections. During a two year period, the pavement markings were evaluated in terms of dry retroreflectivity, daytime color and durability. A handheld Delta LTL-X retroreflectometer was used to measures pavement marking retroreflectivity in accordance with CEN and ASTM standards using a 30-m geometry to simulate the roadway being illuminated by the headlights of a car. A MiniScan XE Plus (Model 4500L) spectrocolorimeter was used to measure the daytime color of the markings. Durability was evaluated using a subjective rating as an integer on a scale of 0 (the material is completely missing) to 10 (where 100% of the material remains). Photographs were taken to document the condition of the markings for future reference. Laboratory testing was also conducted to examine the quality of the glass beads used during the marking installation. Finally, statistical analysis was performed on the initial and two-year field evaluation data using Minitab 17. Effect of various factors (such as the pavement type, line type, marking material and color, etc.) on the retroreflectivity performance of the pavement markings were determined. The service life of all marking materials was estimated using the linear and the power models for each line at all test sites using a minimum retroreflectivity value of 100 mcd/m2/lux. A Microsoft Excel macro was developed to handle the large amount of data involved in the analysis. Based on the analysis result different restriping strategies were proposed along with the cost analysis for the whole district. Material selection matrices were presented for the two-lane and multi-lane roadways which will help the district office in strategy development and decision making.
Author: James Migletz
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309069246
Category : Road markings
Languages : en
Pages : 165
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Book Description
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 306: Long-Term Pavement Marking Practices documents the current and best practices for managing pavement marking systems, identifies future needs, and addresses driver needs and methods of communicating information to drivers, selection criteria (e.g., reflectivity, pavement service life, wet weather performance), materials (e.g., color, durability, cost), specifications, construction practices, inventory management systems, and more.
Author: Benjamin H. Cottrell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Road markings
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
The purpose of this research was to determine the safety, motorist opinion, and cost-effectiveness of pavement marking materials used by the Virginia Department of Transportation and to develop guidelines, where possible, as to when each type of material should be used. Interstate and primary road segments that had been remarked with a different type of pavement marking material were identified to perform a before-and-after accident analysis. When possible, segments that were remarked using the same pavement marking material were included to provide comparison sections. The number of sites and accident count data were insufficient to support a finding that the use of a particular pavement marking material reduces the number of target accidents. The results of a motorist survey indicated that the participating drivers were more satisfied with pavement markings with higher retroreflectivity values than those with lower values. Participating drivers over the age of 65 were generally less satisfied with the brightness of the pavement markings than were participating drivers under the age of 65. Using a large contract for paint was the most cost-effective for two-lane roads under most volume conditions and four- and six-lane low-volume roads. Using polyurea and a large contract for paint were the most cost-effective for high-volume two- and four-lane roads. Polyurea and waffle tape were the more cost-effective durable markings for high-volume six-lane roads. Changes in the use of pavement markings were recommended. Specifically, the Virginia Department of Transportation should (1) consider increasing the use of large paint contracts and minimizing its use of small paint contracts when possible; (2) consider a performance-based specification for durable markings; (3) continue consideration of a holistic approach for pavement management and markings, and (4) re-evaluate its pavement marking policy and include the recommendations of this study.
Author: Alan M. Voorhees & Associates
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aggregates (Building materials)
Languages : en
Pages : 173
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Book Description
Author: James E. Bryden
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Road markings
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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Author: Tetteh-Wayoe, Helen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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