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Author: Prachi Santosh Sonalkar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Implants, Artificial
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Implantable medical devices offer several fascinating possibilities for improving human health. Coupled with advancements in the miniaturization of electronic systems, the array of implantable medical devices will continue to expand. Furthermore, if instrumentation based implants are interfaced to a communication sub-system, the potential exists for wireless microcontroller software updates and real-time data acquisition from integrated sensors which could relay patient health information or implant mechanical conditions to an external system. This thesis focuses on development of such a platform. The current system incorporates a Radio Frequency (RF) telemetry system integrated to an embedded microcontroller with multi-channel data acquisition capabilities. This system employs a XE1201A (Xemics Inc, Switzerland) transceiver chipset providing a bi-directional 405 MHz RF communications link. This transceiver is integrated to an ultra-low power MSP430F149 (Texas Instruments, Dallas TX) microcontroller with 12-bit analog to digital capabilities. In addition, a similar external system is interfaced to a PC for complete control and real-time data acquisition is developed, a custom developed script language is implemented to input required commands for collection of desired data from a particular sensor. The software code and protocol to establish bi-directional communication was developed in ANSI C which is implemented on the microcontroller and the PC interface was developed using LabVIEW (National Instruments, Austin TX). In addition, all ASICs are available in die form to allow for ultra-miniaturization. The system is in the process of being evaluated in a spinal disc implant equipped with strain and temperature sensors. Future work will involve manufacturing the entire system in an ultra-compact package through the use of flip-chip technology.
Author: Prachi Santosh Sonalkar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Implants, Artificial
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Implantable medical devices offer several fascinating possibilities for improving human health. Coupled with advancements in the miniaturization of electronic systems, the array of implantable medical devices will continue to expand. Furthermore, if instrumentation based implants are interfaced to a communication sub-system, the potential exists for wireless microcontroller software updates and real-time data acquisition from integrated sensors which could relay patient health information or implant mechanical conditions to an external system. This thesis focuses on development of such a platform. The current system incorporates a Radio Frequency (RF) telemetry system integrated to an embedded microcontroller with multi-channel data acquisition capabilities. This system employs a XE1201A (Xemics Inc, Switzerland) transceiver chipset providing a bi-directional 405 MHz RF communications link. This transceiver is integrated to an ultra-low power MSP430F149 (Texas Instruments, Dallas TX) microcontroller with 12-bit analog to digital capabilities. In addition, a similar external system is interfaced to a PC for complete control and real-time data acquisition is developed, a custom developed script language is implemented to input required commands for collection of desired data from a particular sensor. The software code and protocol to establish bi-directional communication was developed in ANSI C which is implemented on the microcontroller and the PC interface was developed using LabVIEW (National Instruments, Austin TX). In addition, all ASICs are available in die form to allow for ultra-miniaturization. The system is in the process of being evaluated in a spinal disc implant equipped with strain and temperature sensors. Future work will involve manufacturing the entire system in an ultra-compact package through the use of flip-chip technology.
Author: Zacchaeus Adetona
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783330031500
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Author: Vahid Majidzadeh Bafar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461467020
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Wireless Cortical Implantable Systems examines the design for data acquisition and transmission in cortical implants. The first part of the book covers existing system level cortical implants, as well as future devices. The authors discuss the major constraints in terms of microelectronic integrations are presented. The second part of the book focuses on system-level as well as circuit and system level solutions to the development of ultra low-power and low-noise microelectronics for cortical implants. Existing solutions are presented and novel methods and solutions proposed. The third part of the book focuses on the usage of digital impulse radio ultra wide band transmission as an efficient method to transmit cortically neural recorded data at high data rate to the outside world. Original architectural and circuit and system solutions are discussed.
Author: Enver Gurhan Kilinc
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331921179X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
This book describes new circuits and systems for implantable biomedical applications and explains the design of a batteryless, remotely-powered implantable micro-system, designed for long-term patient monitoring. Following new trends in implantable biomedical applications, the authors demonstrate a system which is capable of efficient, remote powering and reliable data communication. Novel architecture and design methodologies are used to transfer power with a low-power, optimized inductive link and data is transmitted by a reliable communication link. Additionally, an electro-mechanical solution is presented for tracking and monitoring the implantable system, while the patient is mobile.
Author: Nicole (Negar) Zoka
Publisher: The University of Auckland
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
Lumbar spinal fusion surgery is performed on patients in whom non-operative treatments have failed to relieve chronic lower back pain (LBP) and restore functionality. The procedure involves inserting titanium alloy rods adjacent to two or more vertebrae on each side of the spine to support spinal fusion. Currently, clinicians rely upon periodic x-ray radiographic images to track fusion progress and determine whether patients can resume normal activities or to assess if the fusion has failed. However, the reliability of imaging evaluation techniques is questionable and leads to either very conservative (and prolonged) restrictions on activity or additional exploratory surgeries. The definitive criteria for a successful fusion remain ambiguous, and determining the progress of spinal fusion remains a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons and clinicians. Observing strain variations on a spinal fusion rod post-implantation has been demonstrated to correlate with changes in bony mass stiffness as fusion progresses, indicating the state of fusion. The challenge with strain measurements relates to having a reliable implant which aligns with existing clinical workflows and provides new data on the state of healing. If the existing titanium alloy rod could be made "smart", i.e. the strain measurement capabilities are embedded into the rod, then the existing clinical, surgical workflow could be maintained. This research focuses on the design and development of a smart spinal fusion implant with the potential to measure strain without complication in the surgical procedure. To meet this aim, two key research questions were addressed. First, a fully implantable wireless spinal rod was developed to support animal trials of spinal fusion. The implant was constructed by mounting a semiconductor strain gauge sensor into a housing machined into a custom spinal rod. A miniaturised electronic module was developed to measure the strain and transmit the data to an external wireless receiver. The module consisted of a strain gauge signal conditioning which was controlled by a microcontroller, and a custom wireless power and data transfer application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) developed previously at the Auckland Bioengineering Institute (ABI). The electronics module was mounted into the housing, and a printed circuit board (PCB) coil was placed on top of it. This was sealed under a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) lid. Wireless power was transferred to the implant from an external coil at 6.78MHz for 980ms, over which 10 samples of strain were measured. The data was then transmitted using phase-shift keying at a data rate of 678kbps at 6.78MHz. Data was received at an external coil, demodulated and logged to a computer with a measurement cycle taking one second. The implant was characterised on a test rig, and it was confirmed that the 24-bit strain values could be wirelessly measured using the smart spinal implant designed to achieve 1με resolution. This showed that the device was ready for animal trials to quantify strain as fusion occurs in a sheep model. Second, to make the implant clinically relevant, it would be preferable to replace the LCP lid with titanium. LCP is an appropriate seal for animal trials with a lifespan of around several months before water permeates through it, and the device becomes unreliable. Titanium can be welded to the rod to achieve a hermetic seal (gas-tight) with a lifespan of many years, which leads to a smaller device and eases reliable manufacturing as welding is possible. However, this would require transferring inductive power through the conductive titanium lid, which has not been achieved in a spinal implant. Thus, inductive power transfer through metal sheets was investigated via a combination of numerical and experimental tests. A simple test set-up based on hand-wound, cylindrical 10-turn primary (inner radius of 30mm) and 10-turn secondary coils (inner radius of 5mm) was created into which metal sheets could be introduced to allow study their impact on wireless power transfer. The equivalent 2D axisymmetric FEM models were developed to analyse inductive link principles and validate experimental studies. The hand-wound coils were also used to investigate the impact of a titanium enclosure on IWPT system parameters through both simulations and experiments. The simulation results matched experimental results reasonably well, validating the approach; thus, in the future, the validated FEM simulations could be used to investigate power transfer to a miniaturised titanium-packaged smart spinal fusion implant. The impact of the titanium spinal fusion implant, consisting of a titanium spinal rod, housing, and lid, on an IWPT system and an optimum frequency for maximum power transfer was determined. The maximum transferred power was dependent on the titanium alloy, lid thickness, implant size, implant coil location, frequency of power transmission, magnitude of the primary field, and primary and secondary coils dimensions and configurations. FEM simulation results revealed that a maximum power of 1.84mW, at 1A primary current and an operating frequency of approximately 400kHz, could be transferred through a 110μm-thick Grade-5 titanium lid used to seal a 5.5mm-thick, 50mm-long Grade-5 titanium rod, and 0.5m-thick, Grade-5 housing with an internal volume of 18 x 8 x 5mm (L x W x H) for this spinal fusion application. The maximum link potential of 0.035 at 199kHz could be achieved for the same set-up. These results indicated that an acceptable amount of power could be transferred through titanium to power the implanted electronics, supporting the future development of titanium packaged smart spinal fusion rods. This research supports the hypothesis that it is feasible to construct a smart spinal fusion implant that includes the function of measuring strain, can ultimately be employed in clinical practices of spinal fusion, detection of the onset of fusion, non-union or other complications, determination of the efficiency of various bone treatments, and the design of rehabilitation protocols.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Disabled veterans
Languages : en
Pages : 1210
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Book Description
Author: Larry L. Biro
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Swarup Bhunia
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323261906
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
Research and innovation in areas such as circuits, microsystems, packaging, biocompatibility, miniaturization, power supplies, remote control, reliability, and lifespan are leading to a rapid increase in the range of devices and corresponding applications in the field of wearable and implantable biomedical microsystems, which are used for monitoring, diagnosing, and controlling the health conditions of the human body. This book provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamental design principles and validation for implantable microsystems, as well as several major application areas. Each component in an implantable device is described in details, and major case studies demonstrate how these systems can be optimized for specific design objectives. The case studies include applications of implantable neural signal processors, brain-machine interface (BMI) systems intended for both data recording and treatment, neural prosthesis, bladder pressure monitoring for treating urinary incontinence, implantable imaging devices for early detection and diagnosis of diseases as well as electrical conduction block of peripheral nerve for chronic pain management. Implantable Biomedical Microsystems is the first comprehensive coverage of bioimplantable system design providing an invaluable information source for researchers in Biomedical, Electrical, Computer, Systems, and Mechanical Engineering as well as engineers involved in design and development of wearable and implantable bioelectronic devices and, more generally, teams working on low-power microsystems and their corresponding wireless energy and data links. - First time comprehensive coverage of system-level and component-level design and engineering aspects for implantable microsystems. - Provides insight into a wide range of proven applications and application specific design trade-offs of bioimplantable systems, including several major case studies - Enables Engineers involved in development of implantable electronic systems to optimize applications for specific design objectives.
Author: Robert Herman Lusk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automatic data collection systems
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Author: Thomas Penzel
Publisher: Tectum Verlag DE
ISBN: 9783828890121
Category : Biotelemetry
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
