Development of a Weakly-Coupled Hybrid Simulation Method for Seismic Assessment and Its Application to Reinforced Concrete Building Structure PDF Download
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Author: Georgios Giotis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Hybrid simulation methods have attracted significant interest from researchers in structural engineering to accurately assess the seismic performance of structures. To implement hybrid simulations in a testing facility, it is necessary to properly control the boundary conditions of physically tested specimens. The objective of this study is to propose and implement a methodology for performing hybrid simulations when a limited number of actuators are available and the full control of the boundary conditions is not possible. The developed methodology is employed to evaluate the seismic performance of a RC structure where one of the first storey columns is experimentally tested with testing equipment which can control only two DOF instead of the three required for columns subjected to planar motions. The seismic assessment is performed for the cases of an intact, repaired and retrofitted structure, where externally applied Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) fabric is used for repairing and retrofitting.
Author: Georgios Giotis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Hybrid simulation methods have attracted significant interest from researchers in structural engineering to accurately assess the seismic performance of structures. To implement hybrid simulations in a testing facility, it is necessary to properly control the boundary conditions of physically tested specimens. The objective of this study is to propose and implement a methodology for performing hybrid simulations when a limited number of actuators are available and the full control of the boundary conditions is not possible. The developed methodology is employed to evaluate the seismic performance of a RC structure where one of the first storey columns is experimentally tested with testing equipment which can control only two DOF instead of the three required for columns subjected to planar motions. The seismic assessment is performed for the cases of an intact, repaired and retrofitted structure, where externally applied Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) fabric is used for repairing and retrofitting.
Author: Zheng Lu
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038970379
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue " Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control" that was published in Applied Sciences
Author: Catherine Alexandra Whyte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
Most industrial and nuclear facilities rely on reinforced concrete structural walls as their primary seismic lateral-force-resisting components. These walls commonly have an aspect ratio smaller than 0.5 and have a very high stiffness and strength. There is a significant uncertainty regarding the behavior of these walls under earthquake loading, their failure modes, and their expected strengths and deformation capacities. Hybrid simulation is an effective experimental method to examine these issues: it enables simulation of the seismic response of squat and thick shear walls without the need to recreate the, often very large, mass associated with the rest of the prototype structure. A new method for hybrid simulation of the earthquake response of stiff specimens using a high-precision displacement encoder was developed and verified in this study. This method was implemented for hybrid simulation of seismic response of two large-scale squat reinforced concrete shear walls. In order to examine the response of squat reinforced concrete walls to earthquake ground motion and to investigate the effect of ground motion sequence, two nominally identically 8 in thick models of a prototype 36 in thick structural wall, typically found in nuclear facility structures, were tested. Each wall experienced a different ground motion level loading sequence. After an initial combined shear and flexural response, a sliding shear failure occurred at the base of the walls. This response was quasi-brittle: the walls rapidly lost strength with small increments of post-peak strength deformation. A nominally identical specimen was tested at the State University of New York at Buffalo. Though the quasi-static cyclic test method has been shown to accurately predict the seismic failure modes of ductile, often flexure-dominated, specimens, there is considerable uncertainty associated with the predictive ability of the quasi-static cyclic test method when the tested specimens have brittle or quasi-brittle failure modes. In these cases, the effect of load magnitude history is so significant that it alters the deformation demand and the sequence of seismic failure modes. The quasi-static cyclic test at Buffalo was compared to the hybrid seismic response simulation experiments at Berkeley to evaluate its effectiveness with capturing the wall response to ground motion sequences. The findings from the hybrid simulation tests were that displacement control hybrid simulation using a high-precision encoder for displacement feedback is an effective way to perform large-scale hybrid tests of stiff specimens. This new method is useful to address the shortcomings with understanding the dynamic behavior of these types of specimens. The results of the two wall hybrid simulation tests indicate that different earthquake magnitude sequences do not have a significant effect on the force-deformation response and the failure mode sequence of squat walls. After comparing the hybrid simulation test results to the quasi-static cyclic test at Buffalo, the quasi-static cyclic test was determined to be adequate for testing the quasi-brittle wall specimens. It effectively captured the global response of the squat shear walls in earthquake ground motion sequences. Comparison of wall response to code based predictive equations showed that the code equations overpredict the peak shear strength of these squat rectangular walls by factors as large as 2. Modifications to code recommendations for the initial stiffness and peak shear strength of these walls are offered, and a definition for the "essentially elastic" region, used in nuclear facility design, is also suggested.
Author: Wei Song
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889663809
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 213
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Book Description
Author: Gian Paolo Cimellaro
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319063944
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
The book is a tribute to the research contribution of Professor Andrei Reinhorn in the field of earthquake engineering. It covers all the aspects connected to earthquake engineering starting from computational methods, hybrid testing and control, resilience and seismic protection which have been the main research topics in the field of earthquake engineering in the last 30 years. These were all investigated by Prof. Reinhorn throughout his career. The book provides the most recent advancements in these four different fields, including contributions coming from six different countries giving an international outlook to the topics.
Author: Chelsea Griffith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Structural engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Pseudodynamic hybrid simulation technique was developed to evaluate structural seismic performance by physically testing the critical portion with the remaining structure simulated using a numerical model in the computer. An incremental approach was adopted in developing the control scheme to suit multiple testing facilities and test specimens. First the small scale, predictable specimen was utilized to investigate techniques of improving stability, slowing down the loading rate and triggering the accurate force measurement in a series of at benchmark scale experiments in the Laboratory of Earthquake and Structural Simulation at Western Michigan University (WMU). A step/hold command scheme was developed and results matched well to those obtained from the purely numerical simulations of the analytical model setup based on the cyclic tests. Then a series of open and closed loop PSD hybrid simulations of increasing amplitude were conducted at large scale in the Structural Engineering Laboratory at University of Alabama. A ramp/hold displacement command scheme with flexible definition on the ramp phase were developed to the address the excessive vibrations due to the very high speed actuator. The final control scheme was applied the large scale PSD hybrid simulation of a two story wood frame building with a physical first story wood shear wall and numerical second story and reasonable seismic response were achieved. The results of this study serve as a basis for developing the simulation technique for the large scale hybrid simulation that that will be conducted at the NEES equipment site at the University of Buffalo.
Author: Azer A. Kasimzade
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319931571
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
This book features chapters based on selected presentations from the International Congress on Advanced Earthquake Resistance of Structures, AERS2016, held in Samsun, Turkey, from 24 to 28 October 2016. It covers the latest advances in three widely popular research areas in Earthquake Engineering: Performance-Based Seismic Design, Seismic Isolation Systems, and Structural Health Monitoring. The book shows the vulnerability of high-rise and seismically isolated buildings to long periods of strong ground motions, and proposes new passive and semi-active structural seismic isolation systems to protect against such effects. These systems are validated through real-time hybrid tests on shaking tables. Structural health monitoring systems provide rapid assessment of structural safety after an earthquake and allow preventive measures to be taken, such as shutting down the elevators and gas lines, before damage occurs. Using the vibration data from instrumented tall buildings, the book demonstrates that large, distant earthquakes and surface waves, which are not accounted for in most attenuation equations, can cause long-duration shaking and damage in tall buildings. The overview of the current performance-based design methodologies includes discussions on the design of tall buildings and the reasons common prescriptive code provisions are not sufficient to address the requirements of tall-building design. In addition, the book explains the modelling and acceptance criteria associated with various performance-based design guidelines, and discusses issues such as selection and scaling of ground motion records, soil-foundation-structure interaction, and seismic instrumentation and peer review needs. The book is of interest to a wide range of professionals in earthquake engineering, including designers, researchers, and graduate students.
Author: Fardad Mokhtari Dizaji
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Earthquake engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Numerical simulation and hybrid simulation are extensively used in earthquake engineering to evaluate the seismic response of structures under seismic loading. Despite the advances in computing power and the development of efficient integration algorithms in the past, numerical simulation techniques suffer from a high computational cost and the uncertainty associated with the definition of constitutive material models, boundary conditions, and mesh density, in particular in highly nonlinear, large or complex structures. On the other hand, the results of hybrid simulation can become biased when only one or limited number of potential critical components, seismic fuses, are physically tested due to laboratory or cost constraints. The recent progress in machine learning algorithms and applications in engineering has motivated novel and innovative simulation techniques achieved by leveraging data in various fields of engineering including seismic engineering where complexities arising from the stochastic nature of the phenomenon can be tackled by making use of available experimental and numerical data towards the development of more reliable simulation models and dynamic analysis frameworks. Furthermore, to better exploit the potential of data-driven models, such models can efficiently be incorporated into the physics-based and experimental techniques, leading to improved seismic response assessment methods. This M.Sc. thesis proposes two new hybrid analysis frameworks by integrating emerging data-driven techniques into the conventional structural response assessment techniques, namely numerical simulation and hybrid testing, to perform the nonlinear structural analysis under seismic loading. The first framework, referred to as the hybrid data-driven and physics-based simulation (HyDPS) technique, combines the well-understood components of the structure modeled numerically with the critical components of the structure, e.g., seismic fuses, simulated using the proposed data-driven PI-SINDy model. The data-driven model is developed for steel buckling-restrained braces based on experimental data to mathematically estimate the underlying relationship between displacement history and restoring force. The second framework incorporates the data-driven model into the conventional seismic hybrid simulation framework where the experimental test data of one of the critical components (physical twin), e.g., steel buckling-restrained brace, produced during hybrid simulation can be used in real-time to predict the nonlinear cyclic response of the other critical components of the system (digital twins) that are not physically tested. This framework features a novel multi-element seismic hybrid simulation technique achieved by recursively updating the force-deformation response of the digital twin. The performance of the proposed data-driven hybrid analysis frameworks is verified using past experimental test data and nonlinear response history analyses performed under representative earthquake ground motion accelerations. The results reveal that integrating data-driven techniques into conventional seismic analysis methods, namely numerical simulation and hybrid simulation, yields a more efficient seismic simulation tool that can be used to examine the seismic response of structural systems.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 271
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Book Description
The increased need for experimental verification of the seismic performance of conventional and novel structural systems has resulted in highly sophisticated dynamic test procedures. Hybrid simulation, including pseudo-dynamic testing of experimental substructures, offers an efficient method for assessment of dynamic and rate-dependent behavior of large-scale structural systems subjected to earthquake excitation. Compared to earthquake simulations using shake tables, hybrid simulation may have significant advantages in terms of cost, scale, geometry, and required physical mass of structures and components that can be tested. However, recent hybrid simulations have been limited to simplified structural models with only a few degrees of freedom. This is primarily due to the fact that hybrid simulation is a relatively new test method that is still being improved through research. Currently, the major challenges for using hybrid simulation in large and complex structural systems are the lack of robust simulation algorithms, and the sensitivity of the results to experimental errors in the presence of high-frequency modes. The main motivation for this research is to develop reliable test procedures that can be easily applied to fast and real-time hybrid simulations of large and complex structural systems. It is also attempted to develop test procedures that are effective for geographically distributed hybrid simulations. In this dissertation, recent developments to improve the accuracy and stability of hybrid simulation are described using the state-of-the-art pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation system at the Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory, University at Buffalo. In particular, delay compensation procedures are examined, and new methods are proposed. These methods are based on the correction of tracking errors in force measurement signal, and using the numerical integration procedure for prediction and compensation of command displacement signal. A new online procedure is proposed for estimation of delay during the simulation, and is shown to have better performance compared to existing online delay estimation methods. Furthermore, two numerical integration procedures are introduced for hybrid simulation, which are shown to improve the stability and accuracy properties of the simulation. The proposed integration algorithms use experimental measurements to iterate within implicit scheme and also take advantage of a new approach to estimate the tangent stiffness matrix of experimental substructures. For assessment of the reliability of hybrid simulation results, energy-based error monitors are proposed to examine the severity of experimental and numerical errors. These measures are then used to demonstrate the improved accuracy offered by new algorithms proposed here through analytical and numerical studies, and numerical and experimental simulations.
Author: Srinivasan Chandrasekaran
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439809151
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Tools to Safeguard New Buildings and Assess Existing OnesNonlinear analysis methods such as static pushover are globally considered a reliable tool for seismic and structural assessment. But the accuracy of seismic capacity estimates-which can prevent catastrophic loss of life and astronomical damage repair costs-depends on the use of the correct b
