Developing a Cost-effectiveness Model for Research, Development, and Application of Herbicide and Non-herbicide Vegetation Management Treatments for Roadside Rights-of-way PDF Download
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Author: Christopher A. Nowak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roadside improvement
Languages : en
Pages : 35
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Author: Christopher A. Nowak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roadside improvement
Languages : en
Pages : 35
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Author: Allen V. Barker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Natural pesticides
Languages : en
Pages :
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Management of vegetation is an important element of roadside maintenance for safety and aesthetics. Management techniques depend on many factors, which include the desired appearance of the roadside, the desired type of vegetation, roadway location, traffic, soil and topographic conditions, and adjacent land use. As part of its Vegetation Management Plan, the Massachusetts Highway Department has committed to exploring ways to minimize the use of herbicides and contracted with the University of Massachusetts to explore alternatives to conventional herbicides in management of vegetation. Based on the review of the literature and results of the review of vegetation management practices by other state departments of transportation, several methods of management were selected for investigation. Feasibility of successful use, environmental concerns, and budgetary factors were considered in selection of methods to investigate. These methods included use of herbicides that are alternatives to conventional, chemical herbicides and use of mechanical treatments of mulches, hot water, fire, and mowing. These methods were evaluated in greenhouses, on roadside sites, and in field plots on a research farm. Alternative methods were compared with use of conventional herbicides to assess relative efficacy of treatments. Research was conducted for two years. Alternative herbicides that demonstrated immediate or short-term suppression of growth of vegetation were pelargonic acid and clove oil. However, the immediate foliar damage after spraying of pelargonic acid was much more injurious than the injury from clove oil. These materials had efficacy against herbaceous plants and woody vines. The efficacy lasted for three to six weeks after which growth was not distinguishable from untreated vegetation. Repeated applications of these herbicides will be necessary for season-long efficacy. Formulations of citric-acetic acid or a citrus-derived product (limonene) gave no control or only weak suppression of vegetative growth soon after application, and no suppression was evident after three to six weeks. Steam or hot water sprayed by implements was effective against herbaceous vegetation but not against woody species. Efficacy of heat treatments, including torching, lasted for three to six weeks. Mulches of bark or woodchips were strongly suppressive against emerging vegetation and suppressed growth for two years. Because of the cost of materials and labor and need for repeated seasonal applications, all of the alternative practices will cost substantially more than the use of conventional herbicides.
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Highway Research Information Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Highway research
Languages : en
Pages : 600
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Author: Carol Anne Black
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Herbicides
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309265592
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 67
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Preserving the efficacy of herbicides and of herbicide-resistance technology depends on awareness of the increasing resistance of weeds to herbicides used in agriculture and coordinated action to address the problem by individuals at the farm level and beyond. This summit served as a venue to bring the attention of important stakeholders to the issue and as an opportunity for experts from diverse disciplines to strategize in a coordinated way to address herbicide-resistant weeds. In convening stakeholders for this event, participants took a step toward a recommendation from the 2010 National Research Council report The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States that federal and state government agencies, private-sector technology developers, universities, farmer organizations, and other relevant stakeholders collaborate to document emerging weed-resistance problems and to develop cost-effective resistance-management programs and practices that preserve effective weed control. The summit provided the opportunity for stakeholders to explore the scientific basis of the emergence of herbicide resistance and to consider different perspectives on both opportunities and barriers to overcoming the problem of herbicide-resistant weeds. National Summit on Strategies to Manage Herbicide-Resistant Weeds contains a brief synopsis of key points made by each speaker at the summit.
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerial spraying and dusting in forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Author: United States. Congress
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1456
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The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873)
Author: Austin S. Fox
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Herbicides
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Highway research
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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