Author: John P. Walter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bioenergetics
Languages : en
Pages : 278

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Author: Peter Malachi Saama
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bioenergetics
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Author: Great Britain. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 94

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Principles; Food energy; Measurements of metabolisable energy; Metabolisable energy of the ration; Matabolisable energy concentration of rations; Metabolisable energy requirements; Maintenance; Liveweight gain; Milk production; Mobilisation of body reserves; Pregnancy; A net energy system for growing animals; Net energy requirements; Net energy values of foods; Animal production level; Safety margins; Dairy cows; Calculation of metabolisable energy allowances; Liveweight change; Daily ME allowances; Appetite Limits for dairy cows; Checking a ration; Ration formulation; Rapid method; Linear programming; Feeding the dairy cow; Significance of liveweight changes; Ration formulation for stages of lactation; Feeding according to yield; Energy requirements of grazing cows; Growing and fattening cattle; Prediction of performance; Ration calculations; Predicted liveweight gain; Calculation of metabolisable energy allowances; Ration formulation; Rapid method; Linear programming; Net energy system for ration formulation; Animal production level; Net energy values of foods; Net energy allowances; Ration formulation; Replacement values of foods; Linear programming; Sheep; Pregnant and lactating ewes; Maintenance allowances; Pregnancy allowances; Ration formulation; Growing and fattening sheep; Performance prediction; Prediction of liveweight gain; Calculation of metabolisable energy allowances; Net energy system for ration formulation; Net energy allowances; Animal prodution level; Net energy values of foods; Replacement values of foods; Metabolisable energies of foods; Energy values of foods; Digestibility measurements of foods; Metabolisable energy values of foods; Prediction of the ME of forages; Estimation of the ME of compound foods; Tables of food composition.

Author: Jons August Fries
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Author: Donald L. Bath
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Author: Gabriel Garcia Gomez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Eight multiparous Holstein and 8 Jersey dairy cows were used to complete energy balance trials designed to determine the effect of breed on the production and energy efficiency of milk, and energy partitioning. A repeated switchback design was used to compare the effect of cow breed. Diets consisted of 24.5% corn silage, 18.4% alfalfa hay, 6.9% grass hay, with either 22.9% rolled corn and 14.8% soybean meal (CON) or 8.95% rolled corn and 28.8% reduced fat distillers grains (RFDDGS) DM-basis. Diets were offered ad libitum for a 28 d adaptation period and 95% ad libitum for a 4 d collection period. During the collection days, nutrient digestibility and energy use was measured; indirect calorimeter respiration head boxes were used to determine heat production. Across diets, Holstein had a lesser (P

Author: Herbert-H Head
Publisher: Quae
ISBN: 2759211193
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 692

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A presentation of the most fundamental features of the biology of the mammary gland, a unique model of an organ capable of an abundant synthesis of proteins: endocrinology of lactation, role of prolactin, genetics and protein synthesis, immunology and the mammary gland, nutrition and dairy products. Readership: students, teachers, researchers, health and agriculture professionals. Lactation Biology was first published in French in 1993. The English version is not merely a translation: it has been updated by the author.

Author: Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069343
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 249

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Book Description
As members of the public becomes more concious of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.

Author: Luis Eduardo Ferrez Dias de Moraes
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321806090
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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The objective of this dissertation was to study energy utilization by cattle using quantitative approaches. In the first chapter, several optimization models were presented and described mathematically. The potential use of these models in diet formulation and in the minimization of environmental impacts of livestock production was discussed. Further, a linear programming model to examine methane emission regulatory policies in a hypothetical dairy herd was decribed in detail. In chapter two, a weighted goal programming optimization model was developed to simultaneously minimize diet costs and methane emissions. A strategy based on the systematic variation of the objective function weights was proposed for the construction of the set of feasible solutions. The mitigation costs, representing the change in dietary costs associated with a unit reduction in methane emissions, were determined using feed prices and dairies from the Central Valley in California. In the third chapter, linear hierarchical models were developed to predict methane emissions from several cattle categories. A large database of indirect calorimetry was used to select, fit and evaluate models of different complexity levels. Bayesian techniques were implemented for robust model selection and fitting resulting in substantial reductions of prediction errors from the extant models in the literature. The last two chapters examined utilization of metabolizable energy by growing and lactating cattle. In chapter four, parametric and nonparametric Bayesian hierarchical models were developed to model energy retention and heat production as a function of metabolizable energy intake. The nonparametric model estimates maintenance requirements and energetic efficiencies without specifying a particular functional form for the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The biological and mathematical assumptions behind the estimation of energetic parameters for each model were comprehensively described. In the last chapter univariate and multivariate hierarchical models were used to estimate maintenance requirements and the partial efficiencies of utilizing dietary energy for milk production and tissue gain. The multivariate model was formulated with structural equations respecting the biological principles governing mutually interactive energy traits. The models were used to demonstrate that maintenance requirements and the efficiencies of utilizing dietary energy increased in contemporary Northern American milk production systems. Canonical correlation analysis suggested that changes in dietary composition and genetic selection for milk production may have altered these energetic parameters over the past five decades.

Author: B. G. Lowman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780902164239
Category : Cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 31

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