Design of a Free Field Blast Simulating Shock Tube PDF Download
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Author: Jonathan Armstrong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Jonathan Armstrong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Andrew Mark
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
A quasi-dimensional computational technique is used to model the flow of a large, complicated shock tube. The shock tube, or Large Blast Simulator, is used to simulate conventional or nuclear explosions by shaping the pressure history. Results from computations show favorable agreement when compared with data taken in the facility at Gramat, France. Such future shock tubes will include a thermal irradiation capability to better simulate a nuclear event. The computations point to the need for venting of the combustion products since the pressure history will be considerably altered as the shock propagates through these hot gases. (Author).
Author: Kai Long
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Blast effect
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Author: William S. Filler
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
Based on these and other experimental results, the possibilities of generating blast waves equivalent in magnitude to those from atomic weapons are discussed. In particular, possible configurations of cones capable of producing blast waves equivalent to those form 0.5 and 20.0 kilotons of TNT are presented.
Author: Nicholas Noel Kleinschmit
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Nathan Hosannah
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Author: Clayton S. White
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ISBN:
Category : Fallout shelters
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
Experience with animals exposed in a variety of above and below ground structures during full-scale field operations at the Nevada Test Site in 1953, 1955 and 1957 were reviewed. The data were assembled and summarized to illustrate the nature of the blast-induced problems of significance in protective shelters, "open" as well as "closed". Potential hazards were related to the following: various patterns of variation in environmental pressure; translational events associated with transient, high-velocity winds, ground shock and gravity involving the impact of energized inanimate objects on the one hand the the consequences of whole-body displacement on the other; non-line-of-site thermal phenomena including hot objects and rapidly moving hot, dust- laden air and debris; and dust, in the respirable size range, sufficiently high in concentration even in "closed" shelters as to warrant design measures to minimize or eliminate the occurrence of small particulates whether arising from wall spalling or otherwise. Tentative biological criteria, conceived to help assess human hazards from blast-related phenomena, were presented. Relevant data from the literature and on- going research in environmental medicine were set forth to aid the reader in appreciating how the criteria were formulated, what information was extrapolated from animal data, and wherein "best estimates" were employed. "State-of-the-art" concepts were noted to emphasize areas in which more thinking and research must continue if more refined, complete and adequate criteria are to be forthcoming for assessing man's response to blast-induced variation in his immediate environment.
Author: Gottlieb, J. J. (James Joseph)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Detonation waves
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Author: J. L. Stollery
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
The blast wave emanating from the rear of most shoulder-launched recoilless weapons can be literally deafening. To reduce the blast over-pressure a number of different silencers have been proposed. The cost of field trials on the actual weapon is considerable so the hydraulic analogy has been used to investigate over 70 configurations, and to try to understand the various mechanisms that reduce the overpressure at the relevant 'ear position'. Measurements have also been made using a 32 mm air-driven, open-ended shock-tube fitted with a variety of silencers and exhausting into the atmosphere. Comparisons have been made between the two-dimensional hydraulic analogy and the three-dimensional shock tube results in order to check hydraulic analogy has also been used to simulate the effects of one or more reflecting surfaces when firing recoilless weapons in rooms, streets and passageways.
Author: Dixie M. Hisley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Blast effect
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Computational fluid dynamics is a tool which predicts the gas dynamics of blast problems of interest to the Army by solving a set of mathematical equations with a high-speed digital computer. The governing equations for the blast problems presented here are the two-dimensional unsteady Euler equations. The computations were performed on a Cray XMP/48 supercomputer by discretizing the Euler equations with an upwind, Total Variation Diminishing, finite volume, implicit scheme. Details of the scheme are presented in the paper. The algorithm is used here to provide gas dynamic information for a candidate large-scale blast simulator (LBS) concept. A growing need exists for nuclear blast survivability testing of tactical equipment. In order to meet this need, research is conducting into the design and operation of a Large-scale Blast Thermal Simulator, essentially a large multi-driver shock tube. Experiments with heated and unheated driver gas have been performed in a single driver, 1/67 scale model of the LB/TS design concept but without the thermal simulation (LBS). One dimensional calculations have been performed for the 1/67 scale LBS with useful results. However, the one-dimensional calculations have had limited success for accurately predicting the flow through the diverging portion of the LBS design because the flow in this region is multi-dimensional. The flow is multi-dimensional due to the rapid and large area change that exists in the diverging nozzle. The paper presents results which demonstrate the nature of fluid physics in the 1/57 scale LBS. (jhd).
