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Author: Michael Chiou
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 144381895X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Anaphora is one of the most fascinating linguistic phenomena as it constitutes a unique and universal property of human language. Every single natural language provides linguistic means which facilitate speakers to refer to entities in the world. The understanding of the complexity of anaphora and of the problems surrounding it will ameliorate our understanding of the nature of human languages. This explains why anaphora constitutes a central research topic in contemporary linguistic science. This study examines the phenomenon of NP-anaphora with the main focus on modern Greek. By maintaining the empirical and theoretical benefits of the classical generative approach to binding, in this study we propose a partial pragmatic reduction of the interpretation of NP-anaphora in modern Greek in terms of the neo-Gricean pragmatic principles of communication. The proposed analysis is articulated on the following basis: it is argued that the choice of anaphoric expressions and their interpretation by Greek speakers and addressees respectively is heavily dependent on preference, which is regulated by principles of language use and communication. Therefore, by employing a model, which is based on the systematic interaction of the neo-Gricean pragmatic principles of communication, we provide a neat and more elegant approach to NP-anaphora resolution for modern Greek. In a nutshell, this study offers a quite new perspective into the study of NP-anaphora in modern Greek but it is also a little step towards a better understanding of the phenomenon of anaphora across languages.
Author: Michael Chiou
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 144381895X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Get Book Here
Book Description
Anaphora is one of the most fascinating linguistic phenomena as it constitutes a unique and universal property of human language. Every single natural language provides linguistic means which facilitate speakers to refer to entities in the world. The understanding of the complexity of anaphora and of the problems surrounding it will ameliorate our understanding of the nature of human languages. This explains why anaphora constitutes a central research topic in contemporary linguistic science. This study examines the phenomenon of NP-anaphora with the main focus on modern Greek. By maintaining the empirical and theoretical benefits of the classical generative approach to binding, in this study we propose a partial pragmatic reduction of the interpretation of NP-anaphora in modern Greek in terms of the neo-Gricean pragmatic principles of communication. The proposed analysis is articulated on the following basis: it is argued that the choice of anaphoric expressions and their interpretation by Greek speakers and addressees respectively is heavily dependent on preference, which is regulated by principles of language use and communication. Therefore, by employing a model, which is based on the systematic interaction of the neo-Gricean pragmatic principles of communication, we provide a neat and more elegant approach to NP-anaphora resolution for modern Greek. In a nutshell, this study offers a quite new perspective into the study of NP-anaphora in modern Greek but it is also a little step towards a better understanding of the phenomenon of anaphora across languages.
Author: Marit Richardsen Westergaard
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Offering an alternative to the purely syntactic analysis of definite nominal phrase anaphora, Westergaard applies the principle of functional sentence perspective, advanced by the Prague school of linguistics, to suggest a pragmatic approach to the coreference options of pronouns and full nominal phrases.
Author: Tanya Reinhart
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134993609
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
First published in 1983, this book examines anaphora — a central issue in linguistic theory as it lies at the crossroads of several major problems. On the one hand it is believed that the same conditions that govern the interpretation of anaphora also govern syntactic movement rules but on the other, while anaphora is known to interact with various discourse and semantic considerations, it also provides a clear instance of the dependency of the semantic interpretation of sentences upon semantic properties of natural language. This book has two major goals: the first is a comprehensive analysis of sentence-level anaphora that addresses the questions posed above, and the second is an examination of the broader issues of the relations between the structural properties of sentences and their semantic interpretation within the hypotheses of the autonomy of syntax and of interpretative semantics shown by Chomsky.
Author: Ken Safir
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019803718X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
In this work, Ken Safir develops a comprehensive theory on the role of anaphora in syntax. First, he contends that the complementary distribution of forms that support the anaphoric readings is not accidental, contrary to most current thinking, but rather should be derived from a principle, one that he proposes in the form of an algorithm. Secondly, he maintains that dependent identity relations are always possible where they are not prohibited by a constraint. Lastly, he proposes that there are no parameters of anaphora - that all anaphora-specific principles are universal, and that the patterns of anaphora across languages arise entirely from a restricted set of lexical properties. This comprehensive consideration of anaphora redirects current thinking on the subject.
Author: Ruslan Mitkov
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131788180X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
Teaching computers to solve language problems is one of the major challenges of natural language processing. There is a large amount of interesting research devoted to this field. This book fills an existing gap in the literature with an up-to-date survey of the field, including the author’s own contributions. A number of different fields overlap in anaphora resolution – computational linguistics, natural language processing (NLP), grammar, semantics, pragmatics, discourse analysis and artificial intelligence. This book begins by introducing basic notions and terminology, moving onto early research methods and approaches, recent developments and applications, and future directions. It addresses various issues related to the practical implementation of anaphora systems, such as rules employed, algorithms implemented or evaluation techniques used. This is an ideal reference book for students and researchers in this particular area of computational linguistics. Since anaphora resolution is vital for the development of any practical NLP system, the book will be of interest to readers from both academia and industry.
Author: Helene Schmolz
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110416816
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : de
Pages : 265
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Book Description
This book covers anaphora resolution for the English language from a linguistic and computational point of view. First, a definition of anaphors that applies to linguistics as well as information technology is given. On this foundation, all types of anaphors and their characteristics for English are outlined. To examine how frequent each type of anaphor is, a corpus of different hypertexts has been established and analysed with regard to anaphors. The most frequent type are non-finite clause anaphors - a type which has never been investigated so far. Therefore, the potential of non-finite clause anaphors are further explored with respect to anaphora resolution. After presenting the fundamentals of computational anaphora resolution and its application in text retrieval, rules for resolving non-finite clause anaphors are established. Therefore, this book shows that a truly interdisciplinary approach can achieve results which would not have been possible otherwise. Open Access: In July 2019, this volume was retroactively turned into an Open Access publication thanks to the support of the Fachinformationsdienst Linguistik. https://www.linguistik.de/
Author: Marit Richardsen Westergaard
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Offering an alternative to the purely syntactic analysis of definite nominal phrase anaphora, Westergaard applies the principle of functional sentence perspective, advanced by the Prague school of linguistics, to suggest a pragmatic approach to the coreference options of pronouns and full nominal phrases.
Author: John A. Hawkins
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317419561
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
First published in 1988, this book is concerned with the definite and indefinite articles in English. It provides an integrated pragmatic-semantic theory of definite and indefinite reference, on the basis of which, many co-occurance restrictions between articles and non-modifiers are explained. At the general theoretical level, this book looks at the role of semantics in the prediction of all and only the grammatical sentences of a language. A generalisation is proposed uniting semantic oppositions underlying ungrammaticality with syntactic oppositions between conditions of application on transformational generative rules. A procedure is suggested for distinguishing semantic from syntactic causes of ungrammaticality. At a more particular level, the book explores the nature of reference. It examines an important selection of subjects such as the contrast between definiteness and indefiniteness, the relationship between definite and demonstrative reference, and the relationship between pragmatic and logical aspects of determining meaning.
Author: Mira Ariel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317933834
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
Accessing Noun-Phrase Antecedents offers a radical shift in the analysis of discourse anaphora, from a purely pragmatic account to a cognitive account, in terms of processing procedures. Mira Ariel defines referring expressions as markers signalling the degree of Accessibility in memory of the antecedent. The notion of Accessibility is explicitly defined, the crucial factors being the Salience of the antecedent, and the Unity between the antecedent and the anaphor. This analysis yields an astonishing array of new results. The precise distribution of referring expressions in actual discourse is directly predicted. Several universals of anaphoric relations are stated. Thus, although not all languages necessarily have the same markers, and nor do they assign them precisely the same function, Ariel shows that they all obey the same Accessibility marking hierarchy. This book will be compulsory reading for anyone with an interest in the semantics and pragmatics of referring expressions, in the interaction of semantics and pragmatics, and more generally in the interaction between peripheral and central cognitive systems.
Author: Alan Garnham
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134951094
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
The interpretation of anaphora - how we interpret expressions such as definite pronouns (he, she, it) and verbal elliptical phrases (such as "did so, too") in the course of ordinary conversation or reading - is an important aspect of language comprehension. In this book the author examines the research and evidence on anaphor interpretation within the context of the mental models theory of comprehension, arguing that the notion of a mental model is essential to the detailed description of the processes of anaphor resolution. The general philosophy of the mental models approach and the nature of mental models themselves and their role in language processing is discussed, followed by a review of methodological issues that bear on the interpretation of psychological research findings. Against this background, the author's own research on areas such as deep and surface anaphora, reference into anaphoric islands, the role of implicit causality in anaphor resolution and the use of pronouns to refer to characters introduced by stereotyped role names is presented. At all times the author's research is set within the context of the general literature on anaphor resolution derived from the disciplines of linguistics, psycholinguistics, philosophy and computational linguistics, ensuring that the book will be of interest to advanced students and researchers in these fields.
