Deception and Non-Deception in Guilty Knowledge and Guilty Actions Polygraph Tests PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
The Guilty Knowledge polygraph test (GKT) and a variation of the test, the Guilty Actions Test (GAT), were compared in a laboratory setting. 84 men who committed or witnessed a mock crime answered "No", repeated items, or remained silent in response to items on the GKT or GAT. A monetary reward was promised for appearing innocent on the test. An interaction with scores based on skin resistance showed that innocent witnesses tested on the GKT scored more in the guilt direction than subjects in any other groups. Subjects required to say "no" were more reactive to key items than subjects in the item repetition or silence groups. Thoracic respiration scores showed a difference between guilty and innocent subjects.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Guilty Knowledge polygraph test (GKT) and a variation of the test, the Guilty Actions Test (GAT), were compared in a laboratory setting. 84 men who committed or witnessed a mock crime answered "No", repeated items, or remained silent in response to items on the GKT or GAT. A monetary reward was promised for appearing innocent on the test. An interaction with scores based on skin resistance showed that innocent witnesses tested on the GKT scored more in the guilt direction than subjects in any other groups. Subjects required to say "no" were more reactive to key items than subjects in the item repetition or silence groups. Thoracic respiration scores showed a difference between guilty and innocent subjects.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309263921
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
The polygraph, often portrayed as a magic mind-reading machine, is still controversial among experts, who continue heated debates about its validity as a lie-detecting device. As the nation takes a fresh look at ways to enhance its security, can the polygraph be considered a useful tool? The Polygraph and Lie Detection puts the polygraph itself to the test, reviewing and analyzing data about its use in criminal investigation, employment screening, and counter-intelligence. The book looks at: The theory of how the polygraph works and evidence about how deceptivenessâ€"and other psychological conditionsâ€"affect the physiological responses that the polygraph measures. Empirical evidence on the performance of the polygraph and the success of subjects' countermeasures. The actual use of the polygraph in the arena of national security, including its role in deterring threats to security. The book addresses the difficulties of measuring polygraph accuracy, the usefulness of the technique for aiding interrogation and for deterrence, and includes potential alternativesâ€"such as voice-stress analysis and brain measurement techniques.
Author: Gershon Ben-Shakhar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461232821
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
"Polygraphy;' "lie detection;' and the "detection of deception" are all terms that refer to an application of the science of psychophysiology, which itself employs physiological measures to study and differentiate between psychological processes. The issues raised by polygraphy are controversial. One such issue is whether the polygraph is a genuinely scientifically based application, or merely a purported application, of psychophysiology. Such concerns are of interest not only to polygraph practitioners and to specialists in psychophysiology, but also to such other specialists as those in the legal and forensic professions. Moreover, there are two sorts of nonspecialists who should also be concerned. On the one hand, there are the potential "users" of the polygraph-for example, a manager who employs a polygrapher to check on subordinates; on the other hand, there are those "used by" the polygraph - the employee who is subjected to the poly graphic examination. To begin with the user of the polygraph, this person should know not only about its overall accuracy, but also about the rationales of the various detection methods and their validity for different purposes in different sorts of situations. This infor mation is important, because even for the potential user there are costs as well as benefits. Aside from the lack of trust generated by the polygraph, there have also been successful suits by employees against employers, so there are traps in polygraph usage that employers (and managers) need to keep in mind.
Author: David C. Raskin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Criminal investigation
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
This project was designed to provide information on the usefulness of polygraph techniques in detecting truth and deception in criminal investigations. The report describes the methodology of each of the eight experiments and studies conducted. In addition to studies involving criminal suspects in a field situation, other studies involved laboratory experiments with a mock-crime paradigm. The lab experiments investigated aspects of the general problems of accuracy and reliability not easily studied in the field situation. They also assessed the usefulness of a number of physiological measures that had received little attention in previous scientific research. Studies also were undertaken to evaluate the commonly-held belief that psychopaths can beat the polygraph, the adequacy of current practices used by field polygraphists, the usefulness of different question structures in polygraph examinations, and the risks of different types of errors in field applications. The project results indicate that polygraph examinations using control-question or guilty-knowledge tests are highly accurate.
Author: Norman Ansley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lie detectors and detection
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Author: David T. Lykken
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
The author presents case histories of persons whose lives have been blighted by our uniquely American faith in the myth of the lie detector. Dr. Lykken also explains how to "beat" the machine, not only because it is unfair that spies and Mafia soldiers already know these techniques, but also because innocent persons have nearly a 50:50 chance of failing lie detector tests unless they use appropriate countermeasures. Many state courts in the U.S. still admit lie detector tests into evidence under certain conditions - a practice that ensures the conviction of more innocent people every year. Finally, Dr. Lykken reports on the results of recent surveys of informed scientific opinion about lie detection and presents another method of polygraphic interrogation that is designed to detect, not lies, but the presence of guilty knowledge. This method is scientifically credible and holds promise for future use in criminal investigation.
Author: Anthony Gale
Publisher: Sage Publications (CA)
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 242
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Book Description
The polygraph lie detection test is currently at the centre of much controversy in both the UK and the US. The Polygraph Test - published by SAGE Publications in association with The British Psychological Society - is the most comprehensive account of issues surrounding the use of the test in criminal investigations, personal screening and security vetting. The book is organized in four parts to present the reader with the basic facts' of how the polygraph test does - and does not - work as well as the wider psychological and legal implications. Part One describes the test, analyses its accuracy, questions its use in psychometrics and considers its role in vetting, investigation and interrogation. Part Two asks questions absolutely fundamental to psychology: can truth and honesty - indeed, even emotion - be measured? Part Three looks at the polygraph test in practice and Part Four considers legal and civil rights issues with contributions from British and American lawyers and a British trade unionist. The Polygraph Test: Lies, Truth and Science will be essential reading to psychologists and students of psychology.
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428924027
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
Author: Pär Anders Granhag
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118509668
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
Detecting Deception offers a state-of-the-art guide to the detection of deception with a focus on the ways in which new cognitive psychology-based approaches can improve practice and results in the field. Includes comprehensive coverage of the latest scientific developments in the detection of deception and their implications for real-world practice Examines current challenges in the field - such as counter-interrogation strategies, lying networks, cross-cultural deception, and discriminating between true and false intentions Reveals a host of new approaches based on cognitive psychology with the potential to improve practice and results, including the strategic use of evidence, imposing cognitive load, response times, and covert lie detection Features contributions from internationally renowned experts
Author: J. Peter Rosenfeld
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128127309
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
Detecting Concealed Information and Deception: Recent Developments assembles contributions from the world’s leading experts on all aspects of concealed information detection. This reference examines an array of different methods—behavioral, verbal interview and physiological—of detecting concealed information. Chapters from leading legal authorities address how to make use of detected information for present and future legal purposes. With a theoretical and empirical foundation, the book also covers new human interviewing techniques, including the highly influential Implicit Association Test among others. Presents research from Concealed Information Test (CIT) studies Explores the legal implications and admissibility of the CIT Covers EEG, event-related brain potentials (ERP) and autonomic detection measures Reviews multiple verbal lie detection tools Discusses ocular movements during deception and evasion Identifies how to perceive malicious intentions Explores personality dimensions associated with deception, including religion, age and gender
