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Author: Zheng Jia (M.C.P.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Bangladesh is one of those countries that are most vulnerable to tropical cyclones. In recent decades, cyclone mitigations by the Government of Bangladesh and international organizations have greatly increased the coastal communities' resistance to cyclones. This thesis focuses on cyclone shelter programs, one of the most important cyclone mitigating measures. Although cyclone shelters have proven to be effective, they are currently not adequate, which requires more research and development for a more resilient future. This thesis has five chapters: an introduction that defines the problem, a broad review of settlement history and hazards in coastal Bangladesh, a planning chapter that zooms in on the issues at five spatial scales, followed by a design chapter that zooms out from proposals for improving shelter site planning to a more comprehensive analysis of the spatial network of shelters, and larger-scale coastal environmental planning and policy. The conclusion highlights the main contributions of this research: 1) developing a multi-scale integrative approach; 2) expanding the range of choice for structural cyclone mitigations; and 3) addressing environmental and cultural diversity and specificity in physical planning and design. This research can contribute to the improvement of cyclone shelters in Bangladesh and so as to make a successful program even more successful. Keywords: Bangladesh, cyclone shelters, flood hazards, mitigation, disaster resilient design
Author: Zheng Jia (M.C.P.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Bangladesh is one of those countries that are most vulnerable to tropical cyclones. In recent decades, cyclone mitigations by the Government of Bangladesh and international organizations have greatly increased the coastal communities' resistance to cyclones. This thesis focuses on cyclone shelter programs, one of the most important cyclone mitigating measures. Although cyclone shelters have proven to be effective, they are currently not adequate, which requires more research and development for a more resilient future. This thesis has five chapters: an introduction that defines the problem, a broad review of settlement history and hazards in coastal Bangladesh, a planning chapter that zooms in on the issues at five spatial scales, followed by a design chapter that zooms out from proposals for improving shelter site planning to a more comprehensive analysis of the spatial network of shelters, and larger-scale coastal environmental planning and policy. The conclusion highlights the main contributions of this research: 1) developing a multi-scale integrative approach; 2) expanding the range of choice for structural cyclone mitigations; and 3) addressing environmental and cultural diversity and specificity in physical planning and design. This research can contribute to the improvement of cyclone shelters in Bangladesh and so as to make a successful program even more successful. Keywords: Bangladesh, cyclone shelters, flood hazards, mitigation, disaster resilient design
Author: Mahbuba Nasreen
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 100081923X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
This book addresses disaster and disaster risk reduction (DRR) practices, constraints and capacity in the context of coastal Bangladesh. Located in the lower riparian of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh has to face frequent disasters such as floods, cyclones, river erosion, salinity intrusion as well as drought. Drawing together a range of multidisciplinary perspectives, Coastal Disaster Risk Management in Bangladesh explores the connection between climate change and DRR issues in this region. The editors reorganize disaster studies around social and physical changes that can reduce these risks and put at risk populations on a stronger footing by making risk reduction the focus. These include measures to improve disaster preparedness, to boost recovery by creating better disaster planning and programs, and physical and social initiatives to improve disaster resilience. Also, analyzing the gender perspective, the volume also utilizes the local knowledge framework to consider whether these populations have resilient knowledge that needs to be incorporated into initiatives based on advanced technology and perspectives. This book will be of interest to academics, researchers, students, policymakers and practitioners in the field of disaster, DRR and governance, climate change, climate change adaptation (CCA) and the environment.
Author: Bimal Paul
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0128046120
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Coastal Hazards in Bangladesh: Non-Structural and Structural Solutions provides a review of the study of Bangladesh's coastal region, an area whose location and physical geography present the prefect microcosm for the study of coastal hazards and for the development of tactics that are applicable to regions around the world. The book presents engineers, scientists, and planners with the necessary tools and planning solutions used to combat coastal vulnerabilities in Bangladesh. Divided into seven chapters, it begins with a critical overview of cyclone and storm surge disasters, focusing on both engineering responses and public preparedness programs to such events. In addition, engineering recommendations are provided for further reduction of their impacts, such as erosion, accretion, and land subsidence, and numerical models are introduced to assess flood induced hazard and risk, flood-induced design loads, and how to intervene in protecting key installations, infrastructures, and communities. - Provides engineers, scientists, and planners with the necessary tools and planning solutions they need to address the coastal vulnerabilities presented by floods, cyclones, and storm surge - Includes engineering recommendations on how to reduce coastal hazards and their impact - Explores the topic of sea level rise and the effect of salt water intrusion on fresh water and the surrounding soil - Examines land uses in the coastal zones, their trend, and their effects on coastal zones
Author: Mohammad Ataur Rahman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Emergency housing
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Author: Md Shahin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Bangladesh is in the front line of battlefield of disasters due to geographical location and global warming faced over 200 natural disasters in past 40 years and most of the disasters were cyclones. People need to be evacuated and rescued before a cyclone landfall. In current practice, multipurpose cyclone shelter (MPCS) provides short-term safety for the disaster victims in Bangladesh, where people are rescued after disasters which cannot ensure survival of lives. This study aims to develop a method for efficient evacuation and rescue to reduce death tolls in the events of disasters. This study used Wi-Fi scanner and smartphones to detect people. An inbuilt index that includes name, address, mobile number, photo, service set identifier (SSID), and media access control (MAC) of smartphone was developed for 90 registered participants. In this controlled experiment, few new participants turned on hotspot in every five minutes. A new index of people with MAC/SSID was developed in MPCS simulating an emergency. Missing people were detected by comparing inbuilt index and new index, and ordered them self-evacuation. This method captured 100% evacuees. Most importantly, the proposed method will reduce death tools because the people are rescued earlier to a disaster hits a specific area.
Author: Rajib Shaw
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431542493
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
The book outlines the climate change adaptation (CCA) actions in Bangladesh drawing examples and lessons from different projects and programs in the country. The content is based on a selection of available documents, a consultative workshop with the academicians from different universities undertaking higher education on disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation, and the editors’ own knowledge and experience in the field. The book has four parts. Part I gives the details of climate change impacts, providing the scenarios, negotiations, and specific impacts on sea-level rise and the health sectors. Part II focuses on climate change strategy and action plans. Part III covers socio-economic impacts in terms of economic and environmental costs. Part IV focuses on adaptive actions for agriculture, livelihoods, and integrated approaches in agriculture and fisheries. Part V deals with climate-change governance issues. The primary target groups for this book are students and researchers in the fields of environment, disaster risk reduction, and climate change studies. The book will provide them with a good idea of the current trend of research in the field and will furnish basic knowledge on this important topic in Bangladesh. Another target group comprises practitioners and policy makers, who will be able to apply collective knowledge to policy and decision making.
Author: Rajib Shaw
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431542523
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
This book outlines disaster risk reduction (DRR) approaches in Bangladesh, drawing examples and lessons from the national and community-level programs, projects, and relevant experiences of the country. The content is based on a selection of available documents, a consultative workshop with academicians from different universities undertaking DRR higher education programs, and the editors’ own knowledge and experience in the field. Special emphasis is given to analyzing field experiences from academic perspectives, and to highlighting key issues and the policy relevance of disaster risk reduction. The book has three parts: Part I provides the outline and basics of DRR, with examples from a global review and from national policies and priorities. Part II covers seven different hazards in Bangladesh, focusing on both shocks and stresses. Part III provides examples of approaches and issues of DRR practices. The primary target groups for this book are students and researchers in the fields of environment, disaster risk reduction, and climate change studies. The book will provide them with a good idea of the current trend of research in the field and will furnish basic knowledge on this important topic in Bangladesh. Another target group comprises practitioners and policy makers, who will be able to apply collective knowledge to policy and decision making.
Author: Tazrina Chowdhury
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Being the 9th most disaster-prone country in the world, Bangladesh frequently suffers mass casualties and economic loss from disasters, including tropical cyclones, tidal surges, tornadoes, drought, floods, river erosion, and fire hazards. Among all the disasters, Bangladesh is repeatedly threatened by tropical storms and cyclones, exposing approximately one-third of the total population of the country. Several cyclone evacuation centres, commonly known as cyclone shelters, have been constructed in the coastal areas as a preparedness measure of the government, yet a large proportion of the coastal population, especially women, are unwilling to use them. As a result, over the years, the death rate for women from cyclones has remained constantly high in Bangladesh. Existing studies and the scientific literature demonstrate a range of concerns that discourage women from evacuating, and highlight women's disadvantages in the pre- and post-disaster phases. The experience of women themselves, the women's voice, is not apparent in this existing research. Therefore, the perspectives of women on their lived-experience as evacuees in the cyclone shelters remains largely unknown. This research explores the lived-experience of women who have experienced evacuation to the cyclone shelters, and recommends a range of provisions to improve their experience and wellbeing as female evacuees. -- Hermeneutic phenomenology, an approach concerning the interpretation of experience, was adopted to investigate the research question. The theoretical framework of the research was predominantly grounded in Heideggerian phenomenology. Heidegger's notion of hermeneutic phenomenology as providing experience of the truth of being-, was the key concept underpinning this phenomenological research. A total of 19 women who stayed in the cyclone shelters from three extremely vulnerable districts of coastal Bangladesh were interviewed in two sessions by the researcher. The participating women shared their lived-experience of staying in the cyclone shelters, what was it like to be an evacuee, and how they experienced wellbeing in the shelters. -- The participants' narratives were analysed using Max van Manen's thematic analysis process which complemented the hermeneutic circle. Research themes were identified from the narratives of the women, through which it was perceived that women's experiences of the cyclone shelters were intimately connected to their reality and their socio-cultural context. The salient theme of this study was being understood (as a woman), otherwise articulated as unfolding women's dasein, understanding their perspectives, and having an insight into their lifeworld, which were referred to and reflected in women's narratives regarding their experiences in the cyclone shelters. Being understood as a woman portrayed the quintessential image of women living in the coastal areas and how being understood as a woman subsequently influenced their vulnerability when exposed to a crisis such as a cyclone emergency, which was depicted in the next theme, being a woman during crisis. Several themes focused on women's lived-experience, the incidents they lived through, and the emotions they felt while staying in the shelters: being in a hostile situation, being fearful, uncertainty, being faithful, and being against the odds. While it was apparent that women's emotional experiences were not always a result of an actual threat, but rather developed through their presuppositions and past experiences, the emotions were true in their reality and an inseparable part of their lived-experience. The remaining themes, being faithful and being against the odds unearthed potential provisions that can improve women's experiences of wellbeing in the cyclone shelters and indicated the potential of women from the coastal communities to improve their situation in the shelters through social bonding and communication. -- The findings from the research provided a new horizon of knowledge to understand how women's dasein consequently impacts their experience of wellbeing while staying in the cyclone shelters. The study offers a deep inquiry into women's experiences and recognises the significance of women's voices to improve their experience as evacuees in coastal Bangladesh. Finally, understanding women's experiences presents an opportunity for more informed disaster policies to strengthen disaster preparedness strategies and community resilience in the coastal areas of Bangladesh.
Author: Susmita Dasgupta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
This paper integrates information on climate change, hydrodynamic models, and geographic overlays to assess the vulnerability of coastal areas in Bangladesh to larger storm surges and sea-level rise by 2050. The approach identifies polders (diked areas), coastal populations, settlements, infrastructure, and economic activity at risk of inundation, and estimates the cost of damage versus the cost of several adaptation measures. A 27-centimeter sea-level rise and 10 percent intensification of wind speed from global warming suggests the vulnerable zone increases in size by 69 percent given a +3-meter inundation depth and by 14 percent given a +1-meter inundation depth. At present, Bangladesh has 123 polders, an early warning and evacuation system, and more than 2,400 emergency shelters to protect coastal inhabitants from tidal waves and storm surges. However, in a changing climate, it is estimated that 59 of the 123 polders would be overtopped during storm surges and another 5,500 cyclone shelters (each with the capacity of 1,600 people) to safeguard the population would be needed. Investments including strengthening polders, foreshore afforestation, additional multi-purpose cyclone shelters, cyclone-resistant private housing, and further strengthening of the early warning and evacuation system would cost more than $2.4 billion with an annual recurrent cost of more than $50 million. However, a conservative damage estimate suggests that the incremental cost of adapting to these climate change related risks by 2050 is small compared with the potential damage in the absence of adaptation measures.
Author: Susmita Dasgupta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This paper integrates information on climate change, hydrodynamic models, and geographic overlays to assess the vulnerability of coastal areas in Bangladesh to larger storm surges and sea-level rise by 2050. The approach identifies polders (diked areas), coastal populations, settlements, infrastructure, and economic activity at risk of inundation, and estimates the cost of damage versus the cost of several adaptation measures. A 27-centimeter sea-level rise and 10 percent intensification of wind speed from global warming suggests the vulnerable zone increases in size by 69 percent given a +3-meter inundation depth and by 14 percent given a +1-meter inundation depth. At present, Bangladesh has 123 polders, an early warning and evacuation system, and more than 2,400 emergency shelters to protect coastal inhabitants from tidal waves and storm surges. However, in a changing climate, it is estimated that 59 of the 123 polders would be overtopped during storm surges and another 5,500 cyclone shelters (each with the capacity of 1,600 people) to safeguard the population would be needed. Investments including strengthening polders, foreshore afforestation, additional multi-purpose cyclone shelters, cyclone-resistant private housing, and further strengthening of the early warning and evacuation system would cost more than $2.4 billion with an annual recurrent cost of more than $50 million. However, a conservative damage estimate suggests that the incremental cost of adapting to these climate change related risks by 2050 is small compared with the potential damage in the absence of adaptation measures.
