Current Development in Low NOx Firing Systems

Current Development in Low NOx Firing Systems PDF Author: Tomozuchi Kawamura
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ISBN:
Category : Steam power plants
Languages : en
Pages : 15

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Current Development in Low NOx Firing Systems

Current Development in Low NOx Firing Systems PDF Author: Tomozuchi Kawamura
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Steam power plants
Languages : en
Pages : 15

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Advancements in Low NOx Tangential Firing Systems

Advancements in Low NOx Tangential Firing Systems PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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The most cost effective method of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions when burning fossil fuels, such as coal, is through in-furnace NOx reduction processes. ABB Combustion Engineering, Inc. (ABB CE), through its ABB Power Plant Laboratories has been involved in the development of such low NOx pulverized coal firing systems for many years. This development effort is most recently demonstrated through ABB CE's involvement with the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) {open_quotes}Engineering Development of Advanced Coal Fired Low-Emission Boiler Systems{close_quotes} (LEBS) project. The goal of the DOE LEBS project is to use {open_quotes}near term{close_quotes} technologies to produce a commercially viable, low emissions boiler. This paper addresses one of the key technologies within this project, the NOx control subsystem. The foundation for the work undertaken at ABB CE is the TFS 2000{trademark} firing system, which is currently offered on a commercial basis. This system encompasses sub-stoichiometric combustion in the main firing zone for reduced NOx formation. Potential enhancements to this firing system focus on optimizing the introduction of the air and fuel within the primary windbox to provide additional horizontal and vertical staging. As is the case with all in-furnace NOx control processes, it is necessary to operate the system in a manner which does not decrease NOx at the expense of reduced combustion efficiency.

Development of a Low NOx Burner System for Coal Fired Power Plants Using Coal and Biomass Blends

Development of a Low NOx Burner System for Coal Fired Power Plants Using Coal and Biomass Blends PDF Author: Patsky O. Gomez
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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The low NOx burner (LNB) is the most cost effective technology used in coal-fired power plants to reduce NOx. Conventional (unstaged) burners use primary air for transporting particles and swirling secondary air to create recirculation of hot gases. LNB uses staged air (dividing total air into primary, secondary and tertiary air) to control fuel bound nitrogen from mixing early and oxidizing to NOx; it can also limit thermal NOx by reducing peak flame temperatures. Previous research at Texas A & M University (TAMU) demonstrated that cofiring coal with feedlot biomass (FB) in conventional burners produced lower or similar levels of NOx but increased CO. The present research deals with i) construction of a small scale 29.31 kW (100,000 BTU/hr) LNB facility, ii) evaluation of firing Wyoming (WYO) coal as the base case coal and cofiring WYO and dairy biomass (DB) blends, and iii) evaluating the effects of staging on NOx and CO. Ultimate and Proximate analysis revealed that WYO and low ash, partially composted, dairy biomass (LA-PC-DB-SepS) had the following heat values and empirical formulas: CH0.6992N0.0122O0.122S0.0021-- and CH1.2554N0.04--0O0.3965S0.0045--. The WYO contained 3.10 kg of Ash/GJ, 15.66 kg of VM/GJ, 0.36 kg of N/GJ, and 6.21 kg of O/GJ while LA-PC-DB-SepS contained 11.57 kg of Ash/GJ, 36.50 kg of VM/GJ, 1.50 kg of N/GJ, and 14.48 kg of O/GJ. The construction of a LNB nozzle capable of providing primary, swirled secondary and swirled tertiary air for staging was completed. The reactor provides a maximum residence time of 1.8 seconds under hot flow conditions. WYO and DB were blended on a mass basis for the following blends: 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20. Results from firing pure WYO showed that air staging caused a slight decrease of NOx in lean regions (equivalence ratio, [Phi] greater than or equal to 1.0) but an increase of CO in rich regions ([phi]=1.2). For unstaged combustion, cofiring resulted in most fuel blends showing similar NOx emissions to WYO. Staged cofiring resulted in a 12% NOx increase in rich regions while producing similar to slightly lower amounts of NOx in lean regions. One conclusion is that there exists a strong inverse relationship between NOx and CO emissions.

Pilot-scale Development of a Low-NOx Coal-fired Tangential System

Pilot-scale Development of a Low-NOx Coal-fired Tangential System PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 12

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Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control

Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control PDF Author: J. Edward Cichanowicz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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NOx Emissions Control for Utility Coal, Oil and Gas Fired Boilers

NOx Emissions Control for Utility Coal, Oil and Gas Fired Boilers PDF Author: J. L. Marion
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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ENEL has initiated a comprehensive program to comply with air quality standards for thermal power stations in Italy. This program addresses both NOx and SO2 control in existing as well as new tangential and wall-fired boilers. Combustion modification technologies are being focused on in this program as a means of providing substantial NOx emissions reductions. This paper describes work performed at ABB C-E's Kreisinger Development Laboratory (KDL) at a 15 MWt scale to develop low NOx firing systems to be used in Italy in coal, oil, and gas tangentially fired boilers. Also briefly described is the progress to date on a 160 MW multi-fuel fired boiler demonstration of the low NOx firing system development.

Low NOx Combustion Concepts for Advanced Power Generation Systems Firing Low-BTU Gas

Low NOx Combustion Concepts for Advanced Power Generation Systems Firing Low-BTU Gas PDF Author: Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory (Research Triangle Park, N.C.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Modeling the Nox Emissions in a Low Nox Burner While Fired with Pulverized Coal and Dairy Biomass Blends

Modeling the Nox Emissions in a Low Nox Burner While Fired with Pulverized Coal and Dairy Biomass Blends PDF Author: Hari Krishna Uggini
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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New regulations like the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) will pose greater challenges for Coal fired power plants with regards to pollution reduction. These new regulations plan to impose stricter limits on NOx reduction. The current regulations by themselves already require cleanup technology; newer regulations will require development of new and economical technologies. Using a blend of traditional fuels and biomass is a promising technology to reduce NOX emissions. Experiments conducted previously at the Coal and Biomass energy lab at Texas A & M reported that dairy biomass can be an effective Reburn fuel with NOX reduction of up to 95 percent; however little work has been done to model such a process with Feedlot Biomass as a blend with the main burner fuel. The present work concerns with development of a zero dimensional for a low NOX burner (LNB) model in order to predict NOx emissions while firing a blend of Coal and dairy biomass. Two models were developed. Model I assumes that the main burner fuel is completely oxidized to CO, CO2,H20 and fuel bound nitrogen is released as HCN, NH3, N2; these partially burnt product mixes with tertiary air, undergoes chemical reactions specified by kinetics and burns to complete combustion. Model II assumes that the main burner solid fuel along with primary and secondary air mixes gradually with recirculated gases, burn partially and the products from the main burner include partially burnt solid particles and fuel bound nitrogen partially converted to N2, HCN and NH3. These products mix gradually with tertiary air, undergo further oxidation-reduction reactions in order to complete the combustion. The results are based on model I. Results from the model were compared with experimental findings to validate it. Results from the model recommend the following conditions for optimal reduction of NOx: Equivalence Ratio should be above 0.95; mixing time should be below 100ms. Based on Model I, results indicate that increasing percentage of dairy biomass in the blend increases the NOx formation due to the assumption that fuel N compounds (HCN, NH3) do not undergo oxidation in the main burner zone. Thus it is suggested that model II must be adopted in the future work.

Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control

Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coal-fired furnaces
Languages : en
Pages : 616

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Energy Research Abstracts

Energy Research Abstracts PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 544

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