Controlling and Exploiting Perpendicular Rotation in Magnetized Plasmas PDF Download
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Author: Ian Emanuel Ochs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This dissertation focuses on two related topics: controlling plasma rotation, and extracting ash from fusion reactors. Rotation is an extremely useful tool in plasma control, allowing for instability suppression, enhanced confinement, and the separation of different species. Ash, meanwhile, is a hot, charged byproduct of the fusion reaction that tends to heat electrons, degrading confinement and radiating away energy. Alpha channeling rectifies this situation by transferring the ash energy into a useful wave, while simultaneously extracting the ash from the plasma.It has been proposed that alpha channeling also extracts net charge from the plasma, generating an electric field and thus E x B rotation. However, existing theories do not explain how this process would conserve momentum.To develop a consistent theory, we first examine collisional transport in a magnetized plasma to review the deep connection between charge transport and momentum conservation. We then use this intuition to guide the development of a self-consistent, momentum-conserving theory of alpha channeling. We find an important difference between plane waves which grow in time, which do not drive rotation, and spatially structured waves, which do. This theory definitively determines the conditions under which alpha channeling extracts charge, within a very simple mathematical framework.Our models have many applications. We explore how E x B rotation can be used in toroidal systems to provide a self-consistent rotational transform, or in open-field-line geometries to centrifuge and remediate nuclear waste. We also show how waves can mediate collisionless momentum exchange between plasma constituents, and thus generate currents and magnetic fields in astrophysical systems.The techniques we develop turn out to also have immediate application to inertial confinement systems. We uncover surprising effects in Z-pinches, showing how magneto-inertial fusion reactors can be made more reactive than previously thought by leveraging multi-ion transport effects that naturally flush out ash. We also explain unintuitive rotation and current redistribution effects in existing Z-pinch experiments.Despite our application to very different plasma systems, occurring in apparently far-flung regimes of plasma physics, the same themes and models emerge repeatedly. Recognizing these deep connections reveals new opportunities for improving plasma control.
Author: Ian Emanuel Ochs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This dissertation focuses on two related topics: controlling plasma rotation, and extracting ash from fusion reactors. Rotation is an extremely useful tool in plasma control, allowing for instability suppression, enhanced confinement, and the separation of different species. Ash, meanwhile, is a hot, charged byproduct of the fusion reaction that tends to heat electrons, degrading confinement and radiating away energy. Alpha channeling rectifies this situation by transferring the ash energy into a useful wave, while simultaneously extracting the ash from the plasma.It has been proposed that alpha channeling also extracts net charge from the plasma, generating an electric field and thus E x B rotation. However, existing theories do not explain how this process would conserve momentum.To develop a consistent theory, we first examine collisional transport in a magnetized plasma to review the deep connection between charge transport and momentum conservation. We then use this intuition to guide the development of a self-consistent, momentum-conserving theory of alpha channeling. We find an important difference between plane waves which grow in time, which do not drive rotation, and spatially structured waves, which do. This theory definitively determines the conditions under which alpha channeling extracts charge, within a very simple mathematical framework.Our models have many applications. We explore how E x B rotation can be used in toroidal systems to provide a self-consistent rotational transform, or in open-field-line geometries to centrifuge and remediate nuclear waste. We also show how waves can mediate collisionless momentum exchange between plasma constituents, and thus generate currents and magnetic fields in astrophysical systems.The techniques we develop turn out to also have immediate application to inertial confinement systems. We uncover surprising effects in Z-pinches, showing how magneto-inertial fusion reactors can be made more reactive than previously thought by leveraging multi-ion transport effects that naturally flush out ash. We also explain unintuitive rotation and current redistribution effects in existing Z-pinch experiments.Despite our application to very different plasma systems, occurring in apparently far-flung regimes of plasma physics, the same themes and models emerge repeatedly. Recognizing these deep connections reveals new opportunities for improving plasma control.
Author: Philippe Ghendrih
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated
ISBN: 9789814644822
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
This book compiles the contributions from various international experts on magnetized plasma physics, both in controlled fusion and in astrophysics, and on atmospheric science. Most recent results are presented along with new ideas. The various facets of rotation and momentum transport in complex systems are discussed, including atmospheric-ocean turbulence, the constraints, and the concept of potential vorticity. The close interplay between flows and magnetohydrodynamics dynamo action, instabilities, turbulence and structure dynamics are the main focus of the book, in the context of astrophysics and magnetic fusion devices like Tokamak, and Reversed Field Pinch. Both physicists and advanced students interested in the field will find the topics as interesting as researchers from other fields who are looking to broaden their perspectives.
Author: C Wendell Horton, Jr
Publisher: #N/A
ISBN: 9813225904
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
For a few seconds with large machines, scientists and engineers have now created the fusion power of the stars in the laboratory and at the same time find the rich range of complex turbulent electromagnetic waves that transport the plasma confinement systems. The turbulent transport mechanisms created in the laboratory are explained in detail in the second edition of 'Turbulent Transport in Magnetized Plasmas' by Professor Horton.The principles and properties of the major plasma confinement machines are explored with basic physics to the extent currently understood. For the observational laws that are not understood — the empirical confinement laws — offering challenges to the next generation of plasma students and researchers — are explained in detail. An example, is the confinement regime — called the 'I-mode' — currently a hot topic — is explored.Numerous important problems and puzzles for the next generation of plasma scientists are explained. There is growing demand for new simulation codes utilizing the massively parallel computers with MPI and GPU methods. When the 20 billion dollar ITER machine is tested in the 2020ies, new theories and faster/smarter computer simulations running in near real-time control systems will be used to control the burning hydrogen plasmas.
Author: R.J Goldston
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781439822074
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 514
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Book Description
Introduction to Plasma Physics is the standard text for an introductory lecture course on plasma physics. The text’s six sections lead readers systematically and comprehensively through the fundamentals of modern plasma physics. Sections on single-particle motion, plasmas as fluids, and collisional processes in plasmas lay the groundwork for a thorough understanding of the subject. The authors take care to place the material in its historical context for a rich understanding of the ideas presented. They also emphasize the importance of medical imaging in radiotherapy, providing a logical link to more advanced works in the area. The text includes problems, tables, and illustrations as well as a thorough index and a complete list of references.
Author: P.K Shukla
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420034103
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 281
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Book Description
Introduction to Dusty Plasma Physics contains a detailed description of the occurrence of dusty plasmas in our Solar System, the Earth's mesosphere, and in laboratory discharges. The book illustrates numerous mechanisms for charging dust particles and provides studies of the grain dynamics under the influence of forces that are common in dusty plas
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309092159
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
Solar and space physics is the study of solar system phenomena that occur in the plasma state. Examples include sunspots, the solar wind, planetary magnetospheres, radiation belts, and the aurora. While each is a distinct phenomenon, there are commonalities among them. To help define and systematize these universal aspects of the field of space physics, the National Research Council was asked by NASA's Office of Space Science to provide a scientific assessment and strategy for the study of magnetized plasmas in the solar system. This report presents that assessment. It covers a number of important research goals for solar and space physics. The report is complementary to the NRC report, The Sun to the Earthâ€"and Beyond: A Decadal Research Strategy for Solar and Space Physics, which presents priorities and strategies for future program activities.
Author: Percy Seymour
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN:
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
The study of extraterrestrial magnetic fields is a relatively new one, confirmation of the existance of the first such field (that of our Sun) having come a s late as 1908. In the past 30 years a great ammount of knowledge has been accumulated on Cosmic Magnetism, which has turned out to be a truly fascinating topic for study. Percy Seymour's book is the first to deal with the topic in a non-mathematical way, and he offers a fine introduction to his subject. The first three chapters consolidate our knowledge on magnetism in general and the magnetic field of the Earth, as well as discussing the reasons for studying astronomy and cosmic magnetism in particular. The remainder of the book is devoted to the main areas of cosmic magnetism - solar, plantetary and interplanetary fields, fields in stars and pulsars, fields of the milky way and fields in other galaxies. Cosmic Magnetism in an ideal book for sixth-formers and undergraduates studying physics or astronomy and will also appeal to amateur astronomers. as previous work on this topic has been 'hidden' in specialised academic journals.
Author: J. A. Bittencourt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475740301
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 700
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Book Description
Fundamentals of Plasma Physics is a general introduction designed to present a comprehensive, logical and unified treatment of the fundamentals of plasma physics based on statistical kinetic theory, with applications to a variety of important plasma phenomena. Its clarity and completeness makes the text suitable for self-learning and for self-paced courses. Throughout the text the emphasis is on clarity, rather than formality, the various derivations are explained in detail and, wherever possible, the physical interpretations are emphasized. The mathematical treatment is set out in great detail, carrying out the steps which are usually left to the reader. The problems form an integral part of the text and most of them were designed in such a way as to provide a guideline, stating intermediate steps with answers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1546
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Controlled fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 696
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Book Description