Computational Study and Optimization of Wet Cooling Media in Direct Evaporative Heat Exchangers PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Computational Study and Optimization of Wet Cooling Media in Direct Evaporative Heat Exchangers PDF full book. Access full book title Computational Study and Optimization of Wet Cooling Media in Direct Evaporative Heat Exchangers by Tejas Vijay Bhongale. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Tejas Vijay Bhongale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Get Book Here
Book Description
Evaporative cooling media pads are the primary component of importance in direct evaporative cooling units. To increase the overall efficiency of direct evaporative cooling systems, a wet cooling media pad is considered for further optimization in design and operation. An installation technique called 'staging' of cooling media pads is examined and evaluated for its incremental cooling, water usage, and operational cooling efficiency. For Staging, a cooling media is divided into multiple vertical sections, and separate water distribution headers control each part. Staging of cooling media can reduce water consumption in data centers and potentially lessen the amount of cooling media required. Increasing the number of stages allows more precise control of humidity and temperature at the discharge. The objective of the present study is to validate a computational model in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software in predicting the cooling efficiency of wet cooling pads. At the initial level of this project, a CFD model of cooling media will be developed and analyzed. Then, this CFD model will be validated with existing experimental data for GLASdek or CELdek cooling pads. The basic parameters of influence such as pad thickness, flute angle, water flow rate are considered for parametric studies and their impact on cooling media saturation effectiveness, the pressure drop across the media and water consumption will be reported. Also, the degree of increase in cooling capacities as the cooling media wall is scaled/stacked up to accommodate higher cooling unit flow discharge will be investigated. Furthermore, this model will be further modified for 'staged' installations and analyzed through the simulations. This information will be helpful in understanding and improving wet cooling media performance.
Author: Tejas Vijay Bhongale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Get Book Here
Book Description
Evaporative cooling media pads are the primary component of importance in direct evaporative cooling units. To increase the overall efficiency of direct evaporative cooling systems, a wet cooling media pad is considered for further optimization in design and operation. An installation technique called 'staging' of cooling media pads is examined and evaluated for its incremental cooling, water usage, and operational cooling efficiency. For Staging, a cooling media is divided into multiple vertical sections, and separate water distribution headers control each part. Staging of cooling media can reduce water consumption in data centers and potentially lessen the amount of cooling media required. Increasing the number of stages allows more precise control of humidity and temperature at the discharge. The objective of the present study is to validate a computational model in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software in predicting the cooling efficiency of wet cooling pads. At the initial level of this project, a CFD model of cooling media will be developed and analyzed. Then, this CFD model will be validated with existing experimental data for GLASdek or CELdek cooling pads. The basic parameters of influence such as pad thickness, flute angle, water flow rate are considered for parametric studies and their impact on cooling media saturation effectiveness, the pressure drop across the media and water consumption will be reported. Also, the degree of increase in cooling capacities as the cooling media wall is scaled/stacked up to accommodate higher cooling unit flow discharge will be investigated. Furthermore, this model will be further modified for 'staged' installations and analyzed through the simulations. This information will be helpful in understanding and improving wet cooling media performance.
Author: Mansi Vijay Prajapati
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air conditioning
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Get Book Here
Book Description
Data center cooling is becoming important to maintain environmental condition for ITEInformation technology equipment. Conventional evaporative wet cooling media lowers the temperature of the dry bulb temperature of incoming air in which heat transfer to water film and sensibly cool the product air by increasing moisture into air. Wet cooling media technique requires large quantity of clean water, which is reducing area where water is very less. Therefore, indirect evaporative cooling is good alternative. Chiller plants/Indirect Evaporative cooling(IEC) are used as a cooling source for larger data centers as they are more efficient in heat transfer without adding moisture into product air. In this study, Chilled water is supplied to the heat exchanger unit ASC- 8 row copper coils indirect heat exchanger. Hot air stream across the coils transfer heat energy to the chilled water inside the coil and excessive moisture in secondary air will be condensed before the outlet as it will reach to the dew point. Focus of this study is to identify the various configurations for cooling coils. Parametric study has been carried out to show the impact of both water and air velocities on coil performance. Variable primary flow of water in chilled water cooling unit has been studied to improve efficiency with reducing pumping power. Weather bin analysis of DFW area for several months has been done. Optimization of coil design has been studied by maintaining balance with coil face area, air pressure drop, and water pressure drop parameters. Numerical simulation data has been validated with Aztek indirect evaporative cooling unit.
Author: Hoseyn Sayyaadi
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128166576
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 558
Get Book Here
Book Description
Modelling, Assessment, and Optimization of Energy Systems provides comprehensive methodologies for the thermal modelling of energy systems based on thermodynamic, exergoeconomic and exergoenviromental approaches. It provides advanced analytical approaches, assessment criteria and the methodologies to obtain analytical expressions from the experimental data. The concept of single-objective and multi-objective optimization with application to energy systems is provided, along with decision-making tools for multi-objective problems, multi-criteria problems, for simplifying the optimization of large energy systems, and for exergoeconomic improvement integrated with a simulator EIS method. This book provides a comprehensive methodology for modeling, assessment, improvement of any energy system with guidance, and practical examples that provide detailed insights for energy engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and researchers in the field of analysis and optimization of energy systems. - Offers comprehensive analytical tools for the modeling and simulation of energy systems with applications for decision-making tools - Provides methodologies to obtain analytical models of energy systems for experimental data - Covers decision-making tools in multi-objective problems
Author: Frank Kreith
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662301822
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 400
Get Book Here
Book Description
to increase the use of direct contact processes, the National Science Foundation sup ported a workshop on direct contact heat transfer at the Solar Energy Research Insti tute in the summer of 1985. We served as organizers for this workshop, which em phasized an area of thermal engineering that, in our opinion, has great promise for the future, but has not yet reached the point of wide-spread commercial application. Hence, a summary of the state of knowledge at this point is timely. The workshop had a dual objective: 1. To summarize the current state of knowledge in such a form that industrial practi tioners can make use of the available information. 2. To indicate the research and development needed to advance the state-of-the-art, indicating not only what kind of research is needed, but also the industrial poten tial that could be realized if the information to be obtained through the proposed research activities were available.
Author: Mullaivendhan Varadharasan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Get Book Here
Book Description
Data Centers houses substantial number of information technology (IT) equipment like computer servers and storage modules associated with various electronic components which consume high volume of electricity. The IT equipment in data center housing keeps dissipates heat energy as it is constantly running day and night. To keep the data center environment under thermally control and to favor the reliability of electronic components, we need to adopt a cooling technique which aids the module level cooling, with due consideration of the size of the data center and its geographical location. One of the adopted cooling technique in data center thermal management is direct evaporative cooling (DEC). In this DEC, warm air interacts with cold water and losses its sensible heat, thereby the temperature of the air be lowered and its relative humidity be increased. Evaporative Cooling Pad or Wet Cooling Media is a rigid media in DEC technique, which plays a role to make air-water interaction more efficient. This thesis is focused on investigation on performance characteristics of a vertically split wet cooling media which has separate water distribution setup, this type of staged wetting gives more control on relative humidity (RH) as well as temperature. In this study, commercial designing and CFD tools are used to design the wet cooling media and simulate the conditions for the test. I have used equal and un-equal two split configurations to test wet cooling media to check which configuration favors the control. Apart from relative humidity and temperature, other parameters of interests are pressure drop across the media and saturation efficiency of the rigid media. Each split configuration is further tested for different wetting, for equal configuration the media has been tested for 0%, 50% and 100%, similarly for unequal configuration the media has been tested for 0%, 33%, 66%, and 100%. The CFD model is further validated with the team's previous experimental data and the results are plotted for comparison on control over inlet RH and temperature to the data center housing.
Author: Khunedi Vincent Gololo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cooling towers
Languages : en
Pages : 316
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cooling water systems are used to remove excess heat from a chemical process to the atmosphere. The primary components of these systems are the cooling tower and the heat exchanger network. There is a strong interaction between these individual components, thus their performances are interrelated. Most published research in this area has focused mainly on optimization of the individual components i.e. optimization of heat exchanger network or optimization of the cooling towers. This approach does not optimize the cooling water system as a whole. Previous research work in which a holistic approach was used is limited to cooling water systems with single cooling water source. This work presents a technique for integrated optimization of complex cooling water systems. The system under consideration consists of multiple cooling towers each supplying a set of heat exchangers. A superstructural approach is employed to explore all possible combinations between the heat exchangers and the cooling towers. The cooling water reuse opportunities within the heat exchanger networks are also explored. A detailed mathematical model consisting of the cooling towers and the heat exchanger networks model is developed. Two practical scenarios are considered and the mathematical formulations for Case I and II yield nonlinear programing (NLP) and mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) structure respectively. Although the reuse/recycle philosophy offers a good debottlenecking opportunity, the topology of the associated cooling water network is more complex, hence prone to higher pressure drop than the conventional parallel design. This is due to an increased network pressure drop associated with additional reuse/recycle streams. Therefore, it is essential to consider pressure drop during the synthesis of cooling water networks where the reuse/recycle philosophy is employed. The on-going research in this area is only limited to cooling water networks consisting of a single cooling water source. The common technique used is mathematical optimization using either superstructural or non superstructural approach. This work further presents a mathematical technique for pressure drop optimization in cooling water systems consisting of multiple cooling towers. The proposed technique is based on the Critical Path Algorithm and the superstructural approach. The Critical Path Algorithm is used to select the cooling water network with minimum pressure drop whilst the superstructural approach allows for cooling water reuse. The technique which was previously used in a cooling water network with single source is modified and applied in a cooling water network with multiple sources. The mathematical formulation is developed considering two cases. Both cases yield mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) models. The cooling tower model is also used to predict the exit condition of the cooling tower given the inlet conditions from the cooling water network model. The results show up to 29% decrease in total circulating cooling water flowrate when the cooling water system is debottlenecked without considering pressure drop. Consequently, the overall cooling towers effectiveness was improved by up to 5%. When considering pressure drop the results showed up to 26% decrease in total circulating water flowrate.
Author: Detlev G. Kröger
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781628702996
Category : Cooling towers
Languages : en
Pages : 460
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Li-Zhi Zhang
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0124078338
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409
Get Book Here
Book Description
Conjugate Heat and Mass Transfer in Heat Mass Exchanger Ducts bridges the gap between fundamentals and recent discoveries, making it a valuable tool for anyone looking to expand their knowledge of heat exchangers. The first book on the market to cover conjugate heat and mass transfer in heat exchangers, author Li-Zhi Zhang goes beyond the basics to cover recent advancements in equipment for energy use and environmental control (such as heat and moisture recovery ventilators, hollow fiber membrane modules for humidification/dehumidification, membrane modules for air purification, desiccant wheels for air dehumidification and energy recovery, and honeycomb desiccant beds for heat and moisture control). Explaining the data behind and the applications of conjugated heat and mass transfer allows for the design, analysis, and optimization of heat and mass exchangers. Combining this recently discovered data into one source makes it an invaluable reference for professionals, academics, and other interested parties. - A research-based approach emphasizing numerical methods in heat mass transfer - Introduces basic data for exchangers' design (such as friction factors and the Nusselt/Sherwood numbers), methods to solve conjugated problems, the modeling of various heat and mass exchangers, and more - The first book to include recently discovered advancements of mass transfer and fluid flow in channels comprised of new materials - Includes illustrations to visually depict the book's key concepts
Author: Gavin Towler
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080966608
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1321
Get Book Here
Book Description
Chemical Engineering Design, Second Edition, deals with the application of chemical engineering principles to the design of chemical processes and equipment. Revised throughout, this edition has been specifically developed for the U.S. market. It provides the latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards. It contains new discussions of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development, and revamp design; extended coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing, and economics; and new chapters on equipment selection, reactor design, and solids handling processes. A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data, and Excel spreadsheet calculations, plus over 150 Patent References for downloading from the companion website. Extensive instructor resources, including 1170 lecture slides and a fully worked solutions manual are available to adopting instructors. This text is designed for chemical and biochemical engineering students (senior undergraduate year, plus appropriate for capstone design courses where taken, plus graduates) and lecturers/tutors, and professionals in industry (chemical process, biochemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical sectors). New to this edition: - Revised organization into Part I: Process Design, and Part II: Plant Design. The broad themes of Part I are flowsheet development, economic analysis, safety and environmental impact and optimization. Part II contains chapters on equipment design and selection that can be used as supplements to a lecture course or as essential references for students or practicing engineers working on design projects. - New discussion of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development and revamp design - Significantly increased coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing and economics - New chapters on equipment selection, reactor design and solids handling processes - New sections on fermentation, adsorption, membrane separations, ion exchange and chromatography - Increased coverage of batch processing, food, pharmaceutical and biological processes - All equipment chapters in Part II revised and updated with current information - Updated throughout for latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards - Additional worked examples and homework problems - The most complete and up to date coverage of equipment selection - 108 realistic commercial design projects from diverse industries - A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data and Excel spreadsheet calculations plus over 150 Patent References, for downloading from the companion website - Extensive instructor resources: 1170 lecture slides plus fully worked solutions manual available to adopting instructors
Author: Ramesh K. Shah
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471321712
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 978
Get Book Here
Book Description
Comprehensive and unique source integrates the material usually distributed among a half a dozen sources. * Presents a unified approach to modeling of new designs and develops the skills for complex engineering analysis. * Provides industrial insight to the applications of the basic theory developed.
