Computational and Experimental Study of Two Phase Flow in Pressure Swirl Atomizer PDF Download
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Author: Sherry Kwabla Amedorme
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Sherry Kwabla Amedorme
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Volfango Bertola
Publisher: CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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This is an up-to-date review of recent advances in the study of two-phase flows, with focus on gas-liquid flows, liquid-liquid flows, and particle transport in turbulent flows. The book is divided into several chapters, which after introducing basic concepts lead the reader through a more complex treatment of the subjects. The reader will find an extensive review of both the older and the more recent literature, with abundance of formulas, correlations, graphs and tables. A comprehensive (though non exhaustive) list of bibliographic references is provided at the end of each chapter. The volume is especially indicated for researchers who would like to carry out experimental, theoretical or computational work on two-phase flows, as well as for professionals who wish to learn more about this topic.
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Languages : en
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Simplex atomizers (pressure-swirl atomizers) are widely used in air-breathing gas turbine engines as they have good atomization characteristics and are relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture. To reduce emissions, it is critical to design fuel atomizers that can produce spray with a predetermined droplet size distribution at the desired combustor location (small mean droplet diameters and uniform local air/fuel ratios). Manufacturing methods are now available where complex atomizer geometries can be easily obtained. However to use such methods, the influence of atomizer geometry on its performance must be well understood. In this dissertation, a two-dimensional axisymmetric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on the Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method to predict the flow in pressure-swirl atomizers was developed. The Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian method was applied so that the free interface between gas and liquid could be tracked sharply and accurately. The developed code was validated by comparison of predictions with experimental data for large scale prototype and with semi-empirical correlations at small scale. The computational predictions agreed well with experimental data for the film thickness at the exit, spray cone angle, and the pressure drop across the atomizer as well as velocity field in the swirl chamber. Using the validated code, a comprehensive parametric study on simplex atomizer performance was conducted. The geometric parameters of atomizer covered in this study include: atomizer constant, the ratio of length to diameter in swirl chamber, the ratio of length to diameter in orifice, the swirl chamber to orifice diameter ratio, inlet slot angle, trumpet angle, trumpet length, and swirl chamber convergent angle. The effects of these geometric parameters on the atomizer performance were studied for a fixed mass flow rate through the atomizer as well as for a fixed pressure drop across the atomizer. The atomizer performance was described in term of dimensionless film thickness at the exit, discharge coefficient and spray cone half angle. To address applications in pharmaceutical and food processing industry, flow of non-Newtonian power-law fluids through pressure-swirl atomizers was considered. Detailed flow patterns inside the atomizer for shear-thinning, Newtonian and shear-thickening fluids were investigated. A range of power-law index from 0.7 to 1.3 was considered. With a fixed flow rate through the atomizer, the shear-thickening fluids exhibited higher film thickness at exit, lower spray angle, and higher discharge coefficient compared to Newtonian fluids. For the range of power-law index considered in this study, the atomizer performance parameters for shear-thinning fluids showed small change from Newtonian fluids. The variation of atomizer performance with the atomizer constant was delineated for different power-law index.
Author: Mona Hassanzadeh Jobehdar
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Effervescent atomization uses the internal gas-liquid mixture to produce spray. The behavior of two-phase flow inside the atomizer influences the spray characteristics and is dependent on the atomizer internal geometry and operating conditions. The present study is conducted in two parts; study of the bubble formation from a novel submerged nozzle in a liquid cross-flow and investigation of the internal and external two-phase flows in an effervescent atomizer. The present study investigated the performance of a novel nozzle developed by Gadallah and Siddiqui (2013) in the liquid cross-flow. The impact of the nozzle shape, its configurations and orientations was experimentally investigated. The results showed that the novel nozzle generates smaller bubbles at higher detachment frequency for all cases compared to the standard nozzle. It is found that the elastic rebound of the bubble from a side hole plays a key role in the early bubble detachment. For the effervescent atomizer study, the impact of atomizer's internal geometry on the internal flow and spray droplet characteristics were studied. The results demonstrated that a conical base aerator tube and shorter mixing zone length provide more uniform bubbles in smaller size. A new type of bubble breaker was designed and tested in an effervescent atomizer. The results show that both internal and external two-phase flows in the atomizer were strongly influenced by bubble breaker configurations (diameter and number of holes). It was found that the liquid shear stress is the dominant force causing the bubble elongation and its eventual breakup.
Author: Joseph A. Vogrin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flow meters
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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A discussion is presented of an investigation of the flow characteristics in a horizontal, converging-diverging nozzle for a two-phase, air- water system. The primary consideration, to determine the effects of accelerating the liquid phase by the gaseous phase, was measured in terms of nozzle exit water velocity, exit slip ratio, and exit acceleration factor. A gamma-ray-attenuation technique was used to determine these values by determining the average cross-sectional void fraction, the ratio of gas volume to total volume, for the air-water mixture.
Author: C. A. Brebbia
Publisher: WIT Press
ISBN: 1845647343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 557
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Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology, at all length scales and flow regimes and can involve compressible or incompressible linear or nonlinear, fluids. However, although they are ubiquitous, multiphase flows continue to be one of the most challenging areas of computational mechanics, with numerous problems as yet unsolved. Advanced computational and experimental methods are often required to solve the equations that describe such complex problems. The many challenges that must be faced in solving them include modelling nonlinear fluids, modelling and tracking interfaces, dealing with multiple length scales, characterising phase structures, and treating drop break-up and coalescence. It is important to validate models, which calls for the use of expensive and difficult experimental techniques.This book presents contributions on the latest research in the techniques for solving multiphase flow problems, presented at the seventh in a biennial series of conferences on the subject that began in 2001. Featured topics include: Flow in porous media; Turbulent flow; Multiphase flow simulation; Image processing; Heat transfer; Atomization; Interface behaviour; Oil and gas applications; Experimental measurements; Energy applications; Biological flows; Micro and macro fluids; Compressible flows.
Author: Hemant Kumar Mukherjee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Two-phase flow
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Author: Samuel Clarence Barnett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fluid mechanics
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Author: Goncalves, Rene Francisco Boschi
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1522529047
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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In the last decade, there has been an influx in the development of new technologies for deep space exploration. Countries all around the world are investing in resources to create advanced energetic materials and propulsion systems for their aerospace initiatives. Energetic Materials Research, Applications, and New Technologies is an essential reference source of the latest research in aerospace engineering and its application in space exploration. Featuring comprehensive coverage across a range of related topics, such as molecular dynamics, rocket engine models, propellants and explosives, and quantum chemistry calculations, this book is an ideal reference source for academicians, researchers, advanced-level students, and technology developers seeking innovative research in aerospace engineering.
Author: Jae-Young Yang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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