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Author: Samuel Enajero, Ph.D.
Publisher: Page Publishing Inc
ISBN: 1682136655
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Fundamental institutions are core values that originate from beliefs. Beliefs reflect on behaviors and repeated behaviors become habits. Shared habits are peoples’ values, which when ingrained become norms and customs. Societies that believed in human interdependency formed collective institutions. These institutions are compatible with modern economic prosperity. Thus, Contrary to conventional economic teaching, which implies that behaviors, including preferences are biologically determined, all socially relevant behaviors, including economic behaviors are acquired, learned and routinized through habits (institutions) in which individuals find themselves. Again, contrary to popular beliefs that economics is about “pursuit of self-interest” as stipulated by Adam Smith (1776), the “pursuit of self-interest” does not translate to selfishness. For example, an entrepreneur relies on public capitals and skilled labors to succeed; a producer relies on adequate consumption to produce at capacity; a firm’s profit is enhanced with higher consumer income, etc. Therefore, capitalism is a function of collective institutions. Collectivism is a solution to group interdependency. People sharing the same space are interdependent and are faced with interdependency costs. Interdependency cost equals external cost plus decision making cost. Failures to eliminate or minimize external costs (externalities) through collectivization of activities result to resource misallocation. The problem of sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, modern development theories are constructed around macroeconomic variables. Money, banking, interest rate, savings, trade liberalization, financial assets, deficit and debt management are modern macroeconomic development tools. These are based on aggregation of data and variables. Thus, collectivism is more pronounced in macroeconomic policies. Yet, many emerging nations of sub-Saharan Africa, do not find it mandatory to build all-inclusive economies by mobilizing resources en masse.
Author: Samuel Enajero, Ph.D.
Publisher: Page Publishing Inc
ISBN: 1682136655
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Fundamental institutions are core values that originate from beliefs. Beliefs reflect on behaviors and repeated behaviors become habits. Shared habits are peoples’ values, which when ingrained become norms and customs. Societies that believed in human interdependency formed collective institutions. These institutions are compatible with modern economic prosperity. Thus, Contrary to conventional economic teaching, which implies that behaviors, including preferences are biologically determined, all socially relevant behaviors, including economic behaviors are acquired, learned and routinized through habits (institutions) in which individuals find themselves. Again, contrary to popular beliefs that economics is about “pursuit of self-interest” as stipulated by Adam Smith (1776), the “pursuit of self-interest” does not translate to selfishness. For example, an entrepreneur relies on public capitals and skilled labors to succeed; a producer relies on adequate consumption to produce at capacity; a firm’s profit is enhanced with higher consumer income, etc. Therefore, capitalism is a function of collective institutions. Collectivism is a solution to group interdependency. People sharing the same space are interdependent and are faced with interdependency costs. Interdependency cost equals external cost plus decision making cost. Failures to eliminate or minimize external costs (externalities) through collectivization of activities result to resource misallocation. The problem of sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, modern development theories are constructed around macroeconomic variables. Money, banking, interest rate, savings, trade liberalization, financial assets, deficit and debt management are modern macroeconomic development tools. These are based on aggregation of data and variables. Thus, collectivism is more pronounced in macroeconomic policies. Yet, many emerging nations of sub-Saharan Africa, do not find it mandatory to build all-inclusive economies by mobilizing resources en masse.
Author: World Bank
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
3. Investing in people.
Author: National Intelligence Council
Publisher: Cosimo Reports
ISBN: 9781646794973
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Author: Oyebanke Oyeyinka
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319411519
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
This book provides a systematic examination of the relationship between industrial clusters and poverty, which is analyzed using a multidimensional framework. It examines the often-neglected concept of social protection as a means of mitigating the risks and vulnerabilities faced by workers and citizens in poor countries. By analyzing the case of the Otigba Information and Communications Technology cluster in Lagos, Nigeria, the author shows under which conditions firms in productive clusters can pass on benefits to workers in ways that improve their living standards in the wider socio-economic and spatial context of the region. The results presented provide substantial evidence of opportunities for economic development, helping planners to explore different avenues for integrating firm-driven social protection into social policy.
Author: Hollis Burnley Chenery
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780444823014
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 784
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Book Description
Handbooks of development economics/ edit. Chenery.-v.1.
Author: Christopher Hope
Publisher: BASLER AFRIKA BIBLIOGRAPHIEN
ISBN: 3906927210
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 197
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Book Description
Why does Namibia’s economy look the way it does today? Was the reliance on raw materials for exports and on the service sector for employment an inevitability? And for what reasons has the manufacturing sector – the vehicle for economic development for many now-high income countries throughout the 19th and 20th centuries – seen its growth held back? With these questions in mind, this book offers an extensive analysis of industrial development and economic change in Namibia since 1900, exploring their causes, trajectory, vicissitudes, context, and politics. Its focus is particularly on the motivations behind the economic decisions of the state, arguing that power relations – both internationally and domestically – have held firm a status quo that has resisted efforts towards profound economic change. This work is the first in-depth economic study covering both the colonial and independence eras of Namibia’s history and provides the first history of the country’s manufacturing sector.
Author: Kirsten Hommann
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464814058
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
For African cities to grow economically as they have grown in size, they must create productive environments to attract investments, increase economic efficiency, and create livable environments that prevent urban costs from rising with increased population densification. What are the central obstacles that prevent African cities and towns from becoming sustainable engines of economic growth and prosperity? Among the most critical factors that limit the growth and livability of urban areas are land markets, investments in public infrastructure and assets, and the institutions to enable both. To unleash the potential of African cities and towns for delivering services and employment in a livable and environmentally friendly environment, a sequenced approach is needed to reform institutions and policies and to target infrastructure investments. This book lays out three foundations that need fixing to guide cities and towns throughout Sub-Saharan Africa on their way to productivity and livability.
Author: Arkebe Oqubay
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192590944
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 1370
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Book Description
Industrialization supported by industrial hubs has been widely associated with structural transformation and catch-up. But while the direct economic benefits of industrial hubs are significant, their value lies first and foremost in their contribution as incubators of industrialization, production and technological capability, and innovation. The Oxford Handbook of Industrial Hubs and Economic Development adopts an interdisciplinary approach to examine the conceptual underpinnings, review empirical evidence of regions and economies, and extract pertinent lessons for policy reasearchers and practitioners on the key drivers of success and failure for industrial hubs. This Handbook illustrates the diverse and complex nature of industrial hubs and shows how they promote industrialization, economic structural transformation, and technological catch-up. It explores the implications of emerging issues and trends such as environmental protection and sustainability, technological advancement, shifts in the global economy, and urbanization.
Author: Erik S. Reinert
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1782544682
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 849
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Book Description
The Handbook of Alternative Theories of Economic Development explores the theories and approaches which, over a prolonged period of time, have existed as viable alternatives to today’s mainstream and neo-classical tenets. With a total of 40 specially commissioned chapters, written by the foremost authorities in their respective fields, this volume represents a landmark in the field of economic development. It elucidates the richness of the alternative and sometimes misunderstood ideas which, in different historical contexts, have proved to be vital to the improvement of the human condition. The subject matter is approached from several complementary perspectives. From a historical angle, the Handbook charts the mercantilist and cameralist theories that emerged from the Renaissance and developed further during the Enlightenment. From a geographical angle, it includes chapters on African, Chinese, Indian, and Muslim approaches to economic development. Different schools are also explored and discussed including nineteenth century US development theory, Marxist, Schumpeterian, Latin American structuralism, regulation theory and world systems theories of development. In addition, the Handbook has chapters on important events and institutions including The League of Nations, The Havana Charter, and UNCTAD, as well as on particularly influential development economists. Contemporary topics such as the role of finance, feminism, the agrarian issue, and ecology and the environment are also covered in depth. This comprehensive Handbook offers an unrivalled review and analysis of alternative and heterodox theories of economic development. It should be read by all serious scholars, teachers and students of development studies, and indeed anyone interested in alternatives to development orthodoxy.
Author: Charles Chukwuma Soludo
Publisher: IDRC
ISBN: 1592211658
Category : Africa
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
This book maps the process and political economy of policy making in Africa. It's focus on trade and industrial policy makes it unique and it will appeal to students and academics in economics, political economy, political science and African studies. Detailed case studies help the reader to understand how the process and motivation behind policy decisions can vary from country to country depending on the form of government, ethnicity and nationality and other social factors.
