Characterize and Quantify Residual Steelhead in the Clearwater River, Idaho, 2002 Annual Report PDF Download
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Author: Jody K. Brostrom
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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We tagged 4,513 hatchery steelhead from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery (NFH), with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags to evaluate factors contributing to residualism. Steelhead from typical growth ponds (System I) averaged eight mm less and traveled two days faster to Lower Granite Dam than those in faster growth ponds (System II). The mean detection rates of steelhead by rearing system were 57.4%, 55.9%, and 57.8% for System I, System II, and System III. Steelhead released into Clear Creek, South Fork Clearwater River and directly from Dworshak NFH had detection rates of 55.0%, 59.1%, and 57.8%, respectively. Overall detection rate for all release sites, rearing systems and egg takes was 54.1%. We PIT tagged an additional 270 hatchery steelhead in the North Fork and mainstem Clearwater rivers and the adult ladder at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery between May 15 and October 29. In the four tributaries sampled, no hatchery steelhead were captured or observed. A total of 51 code d-wire tags were recovered; 3 were released at Dworshak NFH in 2001 and 47 in 2002. One fish was released at Clear Creek. Although sample sizes were small, we were able to verify that at least 33 residual steelhead tagged in 2001 persisted in the Clearwater River during winter and were detected at downstream dams in 2002. Final analysis will include influences of water flow and temperature in emigration success.
Author: Jody K. Brostrom
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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We tagged 4,513 hatchery steelhead from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery (NFH), with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags to evaluate factors contributing to residualism. Steelhead from typical growth ponds (System I) averaged eight mm less and traveled two days faster to Lower Granite Dam than those in faster growth ponds (System II). The mean detection rates of steelhead by rearing system were 57.4%, 55.9%, and 57.8% for System I, System II, and System III. Steelhead released into Clear Creek, South Fork Clearwater River and directly from Dworshak NFH had detection rates of 55.0%, 59.1%, and 57.8%, respectively. Overall detection rate for all release sites, rearing systems and egg takes was 54.1%. We PIT tagged an additional 270 hatchery steelhead in the North Fork and mainstem Clearwater rivers and the adult ladder at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery between May 15 and October 29. In the four tributaries sampled, no hatchery steelhead were captured or observed. A total of 51 code d-wire tags were recovered; 3 were released at Dworshak NFH in 2001 and 47 in 2002. One fish was released at Clear Creek. Although sample sizes were small, we were able to verify that at least 33 residual steelhead tagged in 2001 persisted in the Clearwater River during winter and were detected at downstream dams in 2002. Final analysis will include influences of water flow and temperature in emigration success.
Author: Patricia E. Bigelow
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Although sample sizes were small during the 1999 field season, we were able to verify at least some residual steelhead survive the winter to persist in the Clearwater River. Hatchery steelhead were found in low numbers migrating up tributaries of the Clearwater River where wild A-run steelhead spawn. Data from this first year did not indicate differences in survival due to size, release site, or rearing system for steelhead reared at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery. This information needs to be compared over several (at least three) years for meaningful analysis. Final analysis will also include influences of water flow and temperature in emigration success. Based on one year of data, the majority of steelhead which do not emigrate during the first couple of weeks after release, are unlikely to emigrate at all.
Author: Jody K. Brostrom
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 75
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During 1999-2002 we determined whether size at release and release site influenced emigration success and survival of hatchery steelhead smolts raised at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery and released into the Clearwater River drainage. We marked 4,500 smolts each year with Passive Integrated Transponder Tags (PIT-tags) which enabled us to track emigration and estimate survival through mainstem Snake and Columbia river dams. Hatchery steelhead raised in System I freshwater were significantly smaller than those raised in warmer System II re-use water (196 mm, 206 mm, 198 mm and 201 mm System I; 215 mm, 213 mm, 206 mm and 209 mm System II). However, there was no significant difference in detection rates to mainstem observation sites between the two groups (65%, 58%, 78% and 55% System I; 69%, 59%, 74% and 53% System II). Survival estimates to Lower Granite Dam were also not significant between the two groups (72%, 81%, 80% and 77% System I; 77%, 79%, 77%, and 72% System II). Smolts less than 180 mm FL were less likely to be detected than larger smolts. Hatchery steelhead smolts released into Clear Creek, the South Fork Clearwater River and the Clearwater River at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery had significantly different lengths each year, but there was no discernible pattern due to random egg takes and rearing systems. Detection rates to mainstem observation sites for smolts released into Clear Creek were significantly less than the other two groups in all years except 2002 (62%, 57%, 71%, and 57% Clear Creek; 68%, 63%, 73% and 61% South Fork Clearwater River; 70%, 59%, 78% and 55% Clearwater River). However, survival rates to Lower Granite Dam were not significantly different (73%, 65%, 78%, and 77% Clear Creek; 79%, 72%, 79% and 76% South Fork Clearwater River; 81%, 76%, 80% and 83% Clearwater River). Similar to the size at release group, smolts less than 180 mm FL were less likely to get detected than larger smolts. Smolts from both size at release and release site groups that were mature at tagging rarely migrated downstream. If smolts migrated they did it in the same year they were released, as less than 0.02% were observed migrating the second year. We sampled the Clearwater River, North Fork Clearwater River, Bedrock Creek, Big Canyon Creek, Cottonwood Creek, Jacks Creek and the Dworshak National Fish Hatchery adult ladder to collect residual hatchery steelhead. We PIT-tagged and released 3,651 hatchery steelhead and collected 645 hatchery steelhead for coded wire tags. Most residual hatchery steelhead were caught within 4 rkm of Dworshak National Fish Hatchery. Hatchery steelhead sampled in the North Fork Clearwater River and the Dworshak Hatchery adult ladder were significantly larger than those sampled in the Clearwater River and lower tributaries in all years except 2001 (205 mm, 205 mm, 223 mm and 238 mm North Fork Clearwater River; 190 mm, 182 mm, 226 mm and 189 mm Clearwater River). Of the hatchery steelhead we PIT-tagged, only 12% were observed at downstream observation sites. Most migrants were tagged in the Clearwater River (91%) and were smaller than hatchery steelhead that were tagged but were not detected. Most migrants were detected in the same year they were tagged, but 14% held over and migrated in the second year after tagging. We documented migration outside of the normal window, as one detection occurred on October 31 at Lower Granite Dam. We recaptured 130 individual hatchery steelhead that we had tagged during sampling. Over 77% of the recaptures were within one km of where they were tagged, and 67% of the recaptures were tagged in the North Fork Clearwater River and the Dworshak Hatchery adult ladder. We calculated a mean growth rate of 0.27 mm/day for fish we recaptured. For those hatchery steelhead we PIT-tagged, the proportion of males was 13%, the rest we could not ascertain gender. All the males were precocious. Over 97% of the coded-wire tag recoveries came from hatchery steelhead released at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery. The Contribution group (random egg take and rearing system) comprised 44% of the recoveries, followed by 32% System I and 24% System II. The mean length of the Contribution group was significantly smaller than the other two groups in all years except 2001 (173 mm, 191 mm, 209 mm and 197 mm Contribution; 210 mm, 206 mm, 205 mm and 228 mm System I; 226 mm, 216 mm, 213 mm and 225 mm System II). Males made up 81% of the recoveries, and their maturity ranged from 0% to 100%. The Contribution group had significantly more males than the other two groups in 1999 and 2001.
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Category : Gospel music
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Author: Chris A. Larsen
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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We tagged 4,505 hatchery steelhead from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery (NFH), with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags to evaluate factors contributing to residualism. Steelhead lengths from typical growth ponds (System I) averaged 8 mm less than those in System II and travel times were two days faster. Steelhead were released into Clear Creek, South Fork Clearwater River and directly from Dworshak NFH; detection rates were 75.7%, 77.9%, and 76.4%, respectively. The mean detection rates of steelhead by rearing system were 75.8%, 78.4%, and 74.7% for System I, System II, and System III. We PIT tagged an additional 1,131 hatchery steelhead in the North Fork and mainstem Clearwater rivers between April 9 and September 19. In the four tributaries sampled, 85 steelhead were PIT tagged and released, 57.6% were detected emigrating downstream. A total of 149 coded-wire tags were recovered; 18 were tagged at Dworshak NFH in 2000 and two in 1999. Additionally, 20 were released from the Clearwater Fish Hatchery and nine were released in Oregon. Although sample sizes were small, we were able to verify that at least 52 residual steelhead survived the winter to persist in the Clearwater River. These 52 steelhead were PIT tagged in 2000 and detected at Lower Granite Dam emigrating in 2001. Based on this years data, the majority of steelhead, which do not emigrate during the first couple of weeks after release, are unlikely to emigrate. Final analysis will also include influences of water flow and temperature in emigration success. This information needs to be compared over several years for meaningful analysis.
Author: Alan Frank Byrne
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Category : Fish habitat improvement
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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The Steelhead Supplementation Study (SSS) has two broad objectives: (1) investigate the feasibility of supplementing depressed wild and natural steelhead populations using hatchery populations, and (2) describe the basic life history and genetic characteristics of wild and natural steelhead populations in the Salmon and Clearwater Basins. Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) personnel stocked adult steelhead from Sawtooth Fish Hatchery into Frenchman and Beaver creeks and estimated the number of age-1 parr produced from the outplants since 1993. On May 2, 2002, both Beaver and Frenchman creeks were stocked with hatchery adult steelhead. A SSS crew snorkeled the creeks in August 2002 to estimate the abundance of age-1 parr from brood year (BY) 2001. I estimated that the yield of age-1 parr per female stocked in 2001 was 7.3 and 6.7 in Beaver and Frenchman creeks, respectively. SSS crews stocked Dworshak hatchery stock fingerlings and smolts from 1993 to 1999 in the Red River drainage to assess which life stage produces more progeny when the adults return to spawn. In 2002, Clearwater Fish Hatchery personnel operated the Red River weir to trap adults that returned from these stockings. Twelve PIT-tagged adults from the smolt releases and one PIT-tagged adult from fingerling releases were detected during their migration up the mainstem Columbia and Snake rivers, but none from either group were caught at the weir. The primary focus of the study has been monitoring and collecting life history information from wild steelhead populations. An adult weir has been operated annually since 1992 in Fish Creek, a tributary of the Lochsa River. The weir was damaged by a rain-on-snow event in April 2002 and although the weir remained intact, some adults were able to swim undetected through the weir. Despite damage to the weir, trap tenders captured 167 adult steelhead, the most fish since 1993. The maximum likelihood estimate of adult steelhead escapement was 242. A screw trap has been operated annually in Fish Creek since 1994 to estimate the number of emigrating parr and smolts. I estimated that 18,687 juvenile steelhead emigrated from Fish Creek in 2002, the lowest number of migrants since 1998. SSS crews snorkeled three streams in the Selway River drainage and 10 streams in the Lochsa River drainage to estimate juvenile steelhead densities. The densities of age-1 steelhead parr declined in all streams compared to the densities observed in 2001. The age-1 densities in Fish Creek and Gedney Creek were the lowest observed since this project began monitoring those populations in 1994. The SSS crews and other cooperators tagged more than 12,000 juvenile steelhead with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in 2002. In 2002, technicians mounted and aged steelhead scales that were collected from 1998 to 2001. A consensus was reached among technicians for age of steelhead juveniles from Fish Creek. Scales that were collected in other streams were aged by at least one reader; however, before a final age is assigned to these fish, the age needs to be verified by another reader and any age differences among readers resolved. Dr. Jennifer Nielsen, at the U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Biological Science Center, Anchorage continued the microsatellite analysis of the steelhead tissue samples that were collected from Idaho streams in 2000. Two thousand eighteen samples from 40 populations were analyzed. The analysis of the remaining 39 populations is continuing.
Author: Brad George
Publisher:
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Category : Fish hatcheries
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Author: World Commission on Dams
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134898053
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 834
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Book Description
By the year 2000, the world had built more than 45,000 large dams to irrigate crops, generate power, control floods in wet times and store water in dry times. Yet, in the last century, large dams also disrupted the ecology of half the world's rivers, displaced tens of millions of people from their homes and left nations burdened with debt. Their impacts have inevitably generated growing controversy and conflicts. Resolving their role in meeting water and energy needs is vital for the future and illustrates the complex development challenges that face our societies. The Report of the World Commission on Dams: - is the product of an unprecedented global public policy effort to bring governments, the private sector and civil society together in one process - provides the first comprehensive global and independent review of the performance and impacts of dams - presents a new framework for water and energy resources development - develops an agenda of seven strategic priorities with corresponding criteria and guidelines for future decision-making. Challenging our assumptions, the Commission sets before us the hard, rigorous and clear-eyed evidence of exactly why nations decide to build dams and how dams can affect human, plant and animal life, for better or for worse. Dams and Development: A New Framework for Decision-Making is vital reading on the future of dams as well as the changing development context where new voices, choices and options leave little room for a business-as-usual scenario.
Author: James K Agee
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ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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A leading expert in the emerging field of fire ecology, James Agee analyzes the ecological role of fire in the creation and maintenance of the natural forests common to most of the western U.S. In addition to examining fire from an ecological perspective, he provides insight into its historical and cultural aspects, and also touches on some of the political issues that influence the use of fire. Although the focus of chapters on the ecology of specific forest zones is on the Pacific Northwest, much of the book addresses issues that are applicable to other regions. Illustrations, tables, index.
