Characterization of Two Bacillus Subtilis Proteins Required for the Initiation, Restart, and Control of DNA Replication PDF Download
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Author: Megan E. Rokop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
(Cont.) This is consistent with an inability of dnaBS371P cells to adjust the frequency of initiation according to growth rate. I also found that cells over-producing DnaBS371P are filamentous, contain decreased DNA contents, and are hypersensitive to DNA-damaging agents. These abnormalities may result from a defect in replication restart at damaged or stalled replication forks. Thus, whereas dnaBS3 71P suppresses the defects of mutant cells that cannot initiate or restart replication, expressing DnaBS371P in wild-type cells causes defects in initiation and restart.
Author: Megan E. Rokop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
(Cont.) This is consistent with an inability of dnaBS371P cells to adjust the frequency of initiation according to growth rate. I also found that cells over-producing DnaBS371P are filamentous, contain decreased DNA contents, and are hypersensitive to DNA-damaging agents. These abnormalities may result from a defect in replication restart at damaged or stalled replication forks. Thus, whereas dnaBS3 71P suppresses the defects of mutant cells that cannot initiate or restart replication, expressing DnaBS371P in wild-type cells causes defects in initiation and restart.
Author: Jan Löwe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331953047X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 457
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Book Description
This book describes the structures and functions of active protein filaments, found in bacteria and archaea, and now known to perform crucial roles in cell division and intra-cellular motility, as well as being essential for controlling cell shape and growth. These roles are possible because the cytoskeletal and cytomotive filaments provide long range order from small subunits. Studies of these filaments are therefore of central importance to understanding prokaryotic cell biology. The wide variation in subunit and polymer structure and its relationship with the range of functions also provide important insights into cell evolution, including the emergence of eukaryotic cells. Individual chapters, written by leading researchers, review the great advances made in the past 20-25 years, and still ongoing, to discover the architectures, dynamics and roles of filaments found in relevant model organisms. Others describe one of the families of dynamic filaments found in many species. The most common types of filament are deeply related to eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins, notably actin and tubulin that polymerise and depolymerise under the control of nucleotide hydrolysis. Related systems are found to perform a variety of roles, depending on the organisms. Surprisingly, prokaryotes all lack the molecular motors associated with eukaryotic F-actin and microtubules. Archaea, but not bacteria, also have active filaments related to the eukaryotic ESCRT system. Non-dynamic fibres, including intermediate filament-like structures, are known to occur in some bacteria.. Details of known filament structures are discussed and related to what has been established about their molecular mechanisms, including current controversies. The final chapter covers the use of some of these dynamic filaments in Systems Biology research. The level of information in all chapters is suitable both for active researchers and for advanced students in courses involving bacterial or archaeal physiology, molecular microbiology, structural cell biology, molecular motility or evolution. Chapter 3 of this book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Author: Ariana Nakta Samadpour
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Book Description
All organisms must control the timing of DNA replication to maintain their genomic stability. In bacteria, this is achieved through tightly controlling the frequency of replication initiation. Though it is well established that DNA topology is important for replication initiation, it was unclear whether the enzymes that modulate supercoiling are important for regulating this process. The work presented in this dissertation identifies a novel role for the essential topoisomerase, DNA gyrase, as a negative regulator of the replication initiator, DnaA. We find that gyrase activity is required for proper binding of DnaA to oriC and controls replication initiation frequency in the model Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis. Based on the conservation of both gyrase and DnaA across all bacteria, and the importance of DNA topology for all stages of DNA replication, it is unlikely that this regulatory mechanism is unique to B. subtilis, and likely reflects a general strategy widely utilized by prokaryotes. Creating genetic variability within bacterial populations is important for adaptation and survival. Therefore, cells must balance the need for high fidelity DNA replication with the need for genetic variability. They promote fidelity by accurately copying their DNA and repairing damaged DNA. Cells can increase variability by inducing pathways that introduce mutations. In particular, genome architecture and transcription levels together dictate mutation rates as a result of collisions between DNA replication forks and RNA polymerase. In support of previous work, I found that transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair facilitates the increased mutation rates of highly transcribed genes in B. subtilis. Furthermore, I found that this mutagenesis is dependent on the activity of DNA polymerase I and the translesion synthesis polymerases YqjH and YqjW. My work contributes to our understanding of transcription-associated mutagenesis.
Author: David Dubnau
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 032315252X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 391
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Book Description
The Molecular Biology of the Bacilli, Volume I: Bacillus subtilis focuses on areas of research traditionally investigated in Bacillus subtilis, as well as topics in which outstanding progress has been made. It discusses the sporulation, defective bacteriophage, and transformation of Bacillus subtilis. Organized into 11 chapters, the book begins with the genetic map of Bacillus subtilis, followed by DNA replication and RNA polymerase of the said species. The book then describes the translational apparatus of Bacillus subtilis. It also explains the genetic transformation in Bacillus subtilis; the sporulation genes; the regulatory mechanisms in the development of lytic bacteriophages in this species; the temperate Bacillus subtilis phages; the specialized transduction in Bacillus subtilis; and molecular cloning in this organism. Lastly, the book considers the most economically important areas of the microbiological industry employing bacilli, including the production of enzymes, nucleosides, riboflavin, and preparations pathogenic to insects. This book will be useful to scientists who are concerned with the use of Bacillus subtilis as a tool for the study of molecular biology and to those who wish to increase the medical, veterinary, and industrial usefulness of this and related organisms.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 860
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Author: Marc Eisemann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Eishi Noguchi
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038425680
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "DNA Replication Controls" that was published in Genes
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Elizabeth Jane Harry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacillus subtilis
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Author: Lilah Lillian Rahn-Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : DNA replication
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Here, I investigate the regulation of DNA replication during development in B. subtilis. I present evidence that replication is actively inhibited in response to the master regulator of sporulation, SpoOA. I further show that this regulation requires a gene transcribed in the presence of Spo0A, yneE, which I rename sirA, for s[barbelow]porulation i[barbelow]nhibitor of r[barbelow]eplication. The expression of sirA during growth, when it is not usually expressed, results in a growth defect and in the production of cells that lack genetic material. To investigate the mechanism by which sirA inhibits DNA replication, I performed a targeted screen to search for suppressors of sirA expression in the dnaA gene. Four mutations in three amino acids of DnaA allow cells to grow in the presence of SirA. I demonstrate that these residues, which form a patch on the surface of the N-terminal domain of DnaA, make up the interaction site between the DnaA and SirA proteins. Finally, I show that SirA interferes with DnaA's ability to bind the origin of replication.
