Characteristics of Mixed-oak Forest Ecosystems in Southern Ohio Prior to the Reintroduction of Fire PDF Download
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Author: Elaine Kennedy Sutherland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Author: Elaine Kennedy Sutherland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Author: Elaine Kennedy Sutherland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
Author: Matthew Dickinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Fifty-one papers address the ecology, history, current conditions, and sustainability of upland oak forests - with emphasis on the Interior Highlands. Subject categories were selected to provide focused coverage of the state-of-the-art research and understanding of upland oak ecology of the region.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic journals
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest genetics
Languages : en
Pages : 1092
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Book Description
Author: John Stanturf
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400753381
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
While restoration ecology has traditionally aimed to re-create some putative more ‘natural’ ecological state, forest landscape restoration (FLR) has emerged over the last decade as an approach aimed more at restoring natural functions, while focusing on meeting human needs. With a view to exploring the practical potential of this approach, this book draws together a team of experts from the natural and social sciences to discuss its success so far in addressing critical issues such as biodiversity, ecological function, and human livelihoods. Applying principles of landscape ecology, restoration ecology, planning theory and conflict management, the book presents a series of case studies which document the approach, and discusses how the approach can help with priority setting for the future. The book will provide a valuable reference to graduate students and researchers interested in ecological restoration, forest ecology and management, as well as to professionals in environmental restoration, natural resource management, conservation, and environmental policy.
Author: Donald Edward Davis
Publisher: University of Georgia Press
ISBN: 0820360465
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 393
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Book Description
Before 1910 the American chestnut was one of the most common trees in the eastern United States. Although historical evidence suggests the natural distribution of the American chestnut extended across more than four hundred thousand square miles of territory—an area stretching from eastern Maine to southeast Louisiana—stands of the trees could also be found in parts of Wisconsin, Michigan, Washington State, and Oregon. An important natural resource, chestnut wood was preferred for woodworking, fencing, and building construction, as it was rot resistant and straight grained. The hearty and delicious nuts also fed wildlife, people, and livestock. Ironically, the tree that most piqued the emotions of nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Americans has virtually disappeared from the eastern United States. After a blight fungus was introduced into the United States during the late nineteenth century, the American chestnut became functionally extinct. Although the virtual eradication of the species caused one of the greatest ecological catastrophes since the last ice age, considerable folklore about the American chestnut remains. Some of the tree’s history dates to the very founding of our country, making the story of the American chestnut an integral part of American cultural and environmental history. The American Chestnut tells the story of the American chestnut from Native American prehistory through the Civil War and the Great Depression. Davis documents the tree’s impact on nineteenth-and early twentieth-century American life, including the decorative and culinary arts. While he pays much attention to the importation of chestnut blight and the tree’s decline as a dominant species, the author also evaluates efforts to restore the American chestnut to its former place in the eastern deciduous forest, including modern attempts to genetically modify the species.
Author: Peter G. Butterfield
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The structure and composition of forest ecosystems throughout eastern North America has been determined by historical disturbances and successional processes. The white oak group (Leucobalanus) was an important species culturally for Indigenous Peoples of eastern North America for hundreds of years and has been highly valued by European colonizers of the 18th and 19th centuries. The white oak tree (Quercus alba) is a geographically widespread species in eastern North America that has historically been a forest dominant. In addition to popular human uses, Q. alba acorns are an important resource for wildlife. Over the past century, despite being a canopy dominant, Q. alba along with other oaks have exhibited a striking lack of regeneration and recruitment into the canopy across much of its range. This regeneration failure has been associated with a dramatic increase in the importance of shade-tolerant maple species (Acer spp.). A transition from oak-to-maple dominance could have largescale effects on biodiversity, wildlife, and soil characteristics. A variety of explanations for this oak-to-maple dominance shift have been offered in the scientific literature, predominant among these is the multiple interactive drivers hypothesis that asserts historical oak dominance was created by the interaction of multiple disturbance processes. Much remains unknown about the causes of oak-to-maple dominance shift and the multiple drivers hypothesis has not been fully vetted. In this Thesis I sought to examine factors that led to formation of Q. alba dominated forests over the past century by focusing on tree-ring analysis in forests of southwestern Ohio. These forests are near the geographic center of the Q. alba range and are broadly characteristic of the ecology in oak forests of eastern North America. I examined cross section samples of Q. alba (n = 62), chestnut oak (Q. montana) (n = 2), and shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) (n = 1) trees to assess (a) long- term fire history in the site and (b) patterns of growth suppression and release that would indicate forest disturbance over the past 100 years. Fire history reconstructions had been previously accomplished. I measured tree-rings on all the samples and then applied release detection techniques designed to detect canopy disturbance that allowed light to penetrate beneath the forest canopy. I predicted (P1) that oak seedlings will have established in open conditions as evidenced by rapid growth in their first decade. Once established, these stems had hypothetically would have utilized release from shade associated with disturbances that create gaps in the canopy to advance in dominance and ultimately reach canopy status. Therefore, I predicted (P2) that oak stems would experience multiple release events prior to canopy dominance. Finally, because we know that anthropogenic fire suppression limited fires in the site after approximately 1930, I predicted (P3) a striking divergence in the two types of disturbance, with fires abruptly ending and gap dynamics occurring occasionally throughout the chronology. Evidence of high light environment establishment for oak saplings was mixed as approximately half of the samples were gap-origin (equivocal support for P1). I found strong evidence that oak trees utilized canopy gaps during canopy accession (affirming P2) as approximately 83% of stems exhibited at least one release and most stems experienced at least two release events. I also found strong evidence of a divergence in the two disturbance processes (affirming P3) as fire scars indicating historical fires occurred in the site from approximately 1880 to 1940 and then ended abruptly, while release events were consistently recorded throughout the chronology. These results support a multiple interacting disturbances framework for oak forest establishment. Specifically, I found strong evidence of historical fires during the initial establishment of the stands followed by releases that were non-fire associated during which Q. alba trees were presumably moving into the forest canopy. These results suggest that management for oak forests could use prescribed fire as a way to initiate a strong pool of oak saplings followed by individual tree or small patch cutting to add light to the forest floor and promote those saplings into a position in the canopy. Understanding long-term dynamics of oak forests is a pressing scientific concern and my data indicate that future work focusing on the interaction of disturbance processes could be a fruitful area of scientific research.
