Author: T. Sbaffi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: October Frances Seastone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Microbial ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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Author: Jean-Michel Gobat
Publisher: Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781578082100
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 644

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Book Description
This study looks at the fundamentals of soil science and soil biology, encompassing topics such as the building blocks of the soil system and bioremediation of contaminated soils.

Author: Michael Simmler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Terry J. McGenity
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030147846
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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This book provides comprehensive, authoritative discussions about microbial communities in environments that are rich in hydrocarbons, crude oil or lipids. It encompasses natural environments, such as tar sands, oil seeps and reservoirs, as well as habitats where methane is produced. Equally, the book deals with habitats that have been influenced by human activity, including oil-contaminated soils, aquifers, coast and seas. The book opens with a series of chapters considering the contemporary approaches used to investigate microbial communities.

Author: Jinglin Chen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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"Gold mining activities have created numerous environmental problems on mined lands, which have become a growing concern to local communities and regulatory authorities. In recent years, plant-microbe mutualistic interactions have been widely applied in cost-effectively reclaiming mine sites with minor contamination, for restoring the soil's sustainability and productivity. Since post-mining soil is nutrient-deficient for plant colonization, hardy native plants such as alders (Alnus spp.) and boreal conifers that naturally form actinorhizal (e.g., Frankia spp.) and mycorrhizal symbioses are often chosen for improving phytoremediation effectiveness. In the current project, we studied a phytoremediation field trial on a gold mine waste rock pile, at Val-d'Or, QC, since 2012. The plantation consists of two alder species, green alder (Alnus viridis subsp. crispa) and speckled alder (Alnus incana subsp. rugosa), and two conifers, white spruce (Picea glauca) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana). Before mine transplantation, alders were greenhouse-inoculated with Frankia sp. strain AvcI1 alone and in combination with mycorrhizal fungal species, Glomus irregulare and Alpova diplophloeus; while white spruce was inoculated with Hebeloma crustiliniforme and Paxillus involutus, and jack pine was inoculated with Suillus tomentosus and Laccaria bicolor. After 5 years of growth in the field, the community structure (diversity and composition) of microbiota living in the plant's rhizosphere and inside roots (i.e., endophytes) was characterized using amplicon sequencing, which targeted the 16S rRNA gene and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for exploring the bacterial/archaeal and fungal communities, respectively, in the environment. On the basis of field observations and measurements, we found that neither inoculation of alders with Frankia nor the dual inoculation with Frankia and mycorrhizal fungi improved alder performance in the mine. In the conifer trial, only the inoculated jack pine had higher survival rates (in 2017) and significantly larger seedling growth compared to the uninoculated seedlings. Amplicon sequencing results revealed that the microbial diversity in both rhizosphere and root compartments did not necessarily increase with inoculation. As for the microbial community composition, except for the jack pine plants inoculated with the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal species Suillus (S. tomentosus) and Laccaria (L. bicolor), no contrasting difference was found between the inoculated and uninoculated (control) plants. In the rhizosphere and bulk soils of the inoculated jack pine plants, we found a higher relative abundance of the bacterial families Acetobacteraceae and Sphingomonadaceae compared to their dominance in the control plants, whereas inside roots, we found the family Acidobacteriaceae (Subgroup 1) was much more abundant in inoculated plants compared to its relative abundance in control plants. In addition, a Suillus fungal genus, which is suspected to be our inoculum S. tomentosus, was found dominating the fungal communities in the inoculated jack pine's rhizosphere, bulk soils and roots, whereas this genus was absent from the control plants. This finding may explain the promoted growth of the inoculated jack pine plants. Regardless of inoculation effects, the planted soils in general improved soil characteristics of the mine leading to a neutral soil pH (7.0), higher moisture content, and a much higher microbial relative abundance. " --

Author: Cristina Marcillo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 37

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Author: Bernd Lottermoser
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662051338
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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Book Description
Today's best practice in environmental mine-waste management requires a thorough understanding of the wastes produced. The knowledge of mine wastes represents a new interdisciplinary science and this book provides an introductory, descriptive and analytic overview of the wastes produced in the mineral industry. It describes the characterization, prediction, monitoring, disposal and treatment as well as environmental impacts. Intended for undergraduate courses, it systematically builds the reader’s understanding and knowledge of the wastes produced, their physical and chemical characteristics, and how to deal responsibly with them on a short and long-term basis. The text employs 22 case studies spanning the world’s mineral industry that elucidate best practice and specific challenges in mine-waste management and site rehabilitation.

Author: Alescia Roberto
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Freshwater microbiology
Languages : en
Pages : 318

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Book Description
In urban streams, contaminants such as antibiotics, ARGs, nutrients, and metals, co-occur with anthropogenic activities. These toxicants can have a profound effect on microbial community composition, which may, in turn, affect microbial community function. Such results suggest that the composition and function of microbial communities are consequences of their response to environmental stimuli. However, the differing physiological responses of microorganisms to environmental stressors suggests that community structure may be an important factor driving the community's functional responses to avoid or reduce the effects associated with physiochemical changes in the environment. With the projected increase in concurrent environmental stressors associated with the anthropogenic activity, there is a need to understand how microbial communities respond to compounded stressors. The overarching question for my dissertation is: how does chemical stress (in the form of heavy metals) interact with other environmental factors (including hydrologic conditions and nutrients) to impact microbial community structure and function in streams? To address this question, I utilized a combination of trait-based molecular approaches in tandem with biological and chemical field measurements and laboratory experiments. I looked at how microbial, specifically bacterial and diatom, community composition, structure, and function were affected by different stresses that are found within urban streams.

Author: Malik, Junaid Ahmad
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799870642
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 806

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Book Description
The introduction of contaminants, due to rapid urbanization and anthropogenic activities into the environment, causes distress to the physio-chemical systems including living organisms, which possibly is threatening the dynamics of nature as well as the soil biology by producing certain xenobiotics. Hence, there is an immediate global demand for the diminution of such contaminants and xenobiotics that can otherwise adversely affect the living organisms. Some toxic xenobiotics include synthetic organochlorides such as PAHs and some fractions of crude oil and coal. Over time, microbial remediation processes have been accelerated to produce better, more eco-friendly, and more biodegradable solutions for complete dissemination of these xenobiotic compounds. The advancements in microbiology and biotechnology led to the launch of microbial biotechnology as a separate area of research and contributed dramatically to the development of areas like agriculture, environment, biopharmaceutics, fermented foods, and more. The Handbook of Research on Microbial Remediation and Microbial Biotechnology for Sustainable Soil provides a detailed comprehensive account for microbial treatment technologies, bioremediation strategies, biotechnology, and the important microbial species involved in remediation. The chapters focus on recent developments in microbial biotechnology in the areas of agriculture and environment and the physiology, biochemistry, and the mechanisms of remediation along with a future outlook. This book is ideal for scientists, biologists, academicians, students, and researchers in the fields of life sciences, microbiology, environmental science, environmental engineering, biotechnology, agriculture, and health sciences.