Relation, Der von der Christlichen Armee, wider dero Erbfeind, bey dem Berg Harsan, unweit Siclos erhaltenen herrlichen Victori PDF Download
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author: Martin Eichenbaum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 35
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Book Description
This paper suggests that adverse selection problems in competitive annuity markets can generate quantity constrained equilibria in which some agents whose length of lifetime is uncertain find it advantageous to accumulate capital privately. This occurs despite the higher rates of return on annuities. The welfare properties of these allocations are analyzed. It is shown that the level of capital accumulation is excessive in a Paretian sense. Policies which eliminate this inefficiency are discussed.
Author:
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Category : Annuities
Languages : en
Pages : 29
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Book Description
This paper suggests that adverse selection problems in competitive annuity markets can generate quantity constrained equilibria in which some agents whose length of lifetime is uncertain find it advantageous to accumulate capital privately. This occurs despite the higher rates of return on annuities. The welfare properties of these allocations are analyzed. It is shown that the level of capital accumulation is excessive in a Paretian sense. Policies which eliminate this inefficiency are discussed
Author: Andrew B. Abel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Saving and investment
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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Author: Amy Finkelstein
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Category : Adverse selection (Insurance)
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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This paper presents new evidence on the importance of adverse selection in insurance markets. We use a unique data set, consisting of all annuity policies sold by a large U.K. insurance company since the early 1980s, to analyze mortality differences across groups of individuals who purchased different types of policies. We find systematic relationships between ex-post mortality and annuity policy characteristics, such as whether the annuity will make payments to the estate in the event of an untimely death and whether the payments from the annuity rise over time. These mortality patterns are consistent with models of asymmetric information in insurance markets. We find no evidence of mortality differences, however, across annuities of different size, as measured by the initial annual payment from the annuity. We also study differences in the pricing of different annuity products, and find that the pricing of various features of annuity contracts is consistent with the self-selection patterns we find in mortality rates. Our results therefore suggest that many specific features of insurance contracts can serve as screening mechanisms. This implies that insurance markets may be characterized by adverse selection, even when stratifying policyholders by the amount of payment in case of a claim does not support the existence of selection effects.
Author: Ben J. Heijdra
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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We study the effects on the macroeconomic equilibrium, the wealth distribution, and welfare of adverse selection in private annuity markets in a closed economy inhabited by overlapping generations of heterogeneous agents who are distinguished by their health status. If an agent's health type is private information there will be a pooling equilibrium in the private annuity market. We also study the implications for the macro-economy and welfare of a social security system with mandatory contributions that are constant across health types. These social annuities are immune to adverse selection and therefore offer a higher rate of return than private annuities do. However, they have a negative effect on the steady-state capital intensity and welfare. The positive effect of a fair pooled rate of return on a fixed part of savings and a higher return on capital in equilibrium is outweighed by the negative consequences of increased adverse selection in the private annuity market and a lower wage rate.
Author: Luisa Fuster
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This paper studies the effects of uncertain lifetime on capital accumulation and growth and also the sensitivity of those effects to the existence of a perfect annuities market. The model is an overlapping generations model with uncertain lifetimes. The technology is convex and such that the marginal product of capital is bounded away from zero. A contribution of this paper is to show that the existence of accidental bequests may lead the economy to an equilibrium that exhibits asymptotic growth, which is impossible in an economy with a perfect annuities market or with certain lifetimes. This paper also shows that if individuals face a positive probability of surviving in every period, they may be willing to save at any age. This effect of uncertain lifetime on savings may also lead the economy to an equilibrium exhibiting asymptotic growth even if there exists a perfect annuities market.
Author: Georges Dionne
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401006423
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 980
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Book Description
In the 1970's, the research agenda in insurance was dominated by optimal insurance coverage, security design, and equilibrium under conditions of imperfect information. The 1980's saw a growth of theoretical developments including non-expected utility, price volatility, retention capacity, the pricing and design of insurance contracts in the presence of multiple risks, and the liability insurance crisis. The empirical study of information problems, financial derivatives, and large losses due to catastrophic events dominated the research agenda in the 1990's. The Handbook of Insurance provides a single reference source on insurance for professors, researchers, graduate students, regulators, consultants, and practitioners, that reviews the research developments in insurance and its related fields that have occurred over the last thirty years. The book starts with the history and foundations of insurance theory and moves on to review asymmetric information, risk management and insurance pricing, and the industrial organization of insurance markets. The book ends with life insurance, pensions, and economic security. Each chapter has been written by a leading authority in insurance, all contributions have been peer reviewed, and each chapter can be read independently of the others.
Author: Jeffrey R. Brown
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262261692
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Annuity insurance products help protect retirees against outliving their incomes. Dramatic advances in life expectancy mean that today's retirees must plan on living into their eighties, their nineties, and even beyond. Longer life expectancies are the symbol of a prosperous society, but this progress also means that some retirees will need to plan conservatively and cut back substantially on their living standards or risk living so long that they exhaust their resources. This book examines the role that life annuities can play in helping people protect themselves against such outcomes. A life annuity is an insurance product that pays out a periodic amount for as long as the annuitant is alive, in exchange for a premium. The book begins with a history of life annuity markets during the twentieth century in the United States and elsewhere. It then explores recent trends in annuity pricing and money's worth, as well as the economic value generated for purchasers of these products. The book explains the potential importance of inflation-protected annuities and stock-market-linked variable annuities in providing more complete retirement security. The concluding chapters examine life annuities in various institutional settings and the tax treatment of annuity products.
Author: Tsuneo Ishikawa
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780198288626
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
Income and wealth have long formed an important focus for economic research, with economists keen to answer the following kinds of question: Why do we pay people who work equally hard different levels of income? Why are some workers more motivated than others? How does the market economyprovide jobs that meet the expectations of experienced workers? What is the relationship between economic growth and income distribution? Why do people save? Are there any market forces which restrain the tendency towards cumulation of wealth by individuals and enhancement of inequality overgenerations?In this book, Tsuneo Ishikawa systematically examines and evaluates the economic arguments arising from these questions with the overall aim of explaining how income and wealth are produced and distributed. Using empirical data from the US, the UK, and Japan, he examines both the neo-classical andlabour market approaches to income and wealth distribution, assesses the circumstances in which each is most appropriate, and examines to what extent they can be integrated. Unusually, Ishikawa not only analyses income distribution as the consequence of economic activities, but also focuses on theprocess of obtaining income---especially on how the content of different jobs can influence employment and income distribution.In the real market economy, the tax system, social welfare, and the provision of public goods all contribute to income redistribution. Ishikawa acknowledges this, but argues that a correct understanding of how the labour market produces differences in income and wealth is vital for informed study ofthe issue of income redistribution. He suggests, furthermore, that a full understanding of income and wealth in developed market economies may be beneficial in dealing with problems of income distribution in developing economies, while drawing attention to the need for an internationalredistribution of income and wealth.
