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Author: Yong-Xiao Wang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319013122
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
This book explores the role calcium signaling plays in cellular responses in almost all types of cells including airway smooth muscle cells. This universal signaling may result from extracellular calcium influx and/or intracellular calcium release, which are precisely controlled and regulated by ion channels, exchangers and/or transporters on the plasmalemmal or sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. First, several chapters detail calcium release channels (ryanodine receptors and inositol trisphosphate receptors), voltage-dependent potassium channels, transient receptor potential channels, Orai channels, calcium-activated potassium channels, and calcium-activated chloride channels. Well-characterized sodium-calcium exchangers, voltage-dependent calcium channels, and calcium pumps are described also in depth over many chapters. Ca2+ signaling can be expressed in Ca2+ sparks, waves, oscillations, and global changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Calcium in subcellular compartments (cytosol, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and caveolae) also exhibit dynamic crosstalk. Many molecules including FK506 binding proteins, cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose, reactive oxygen species, RhoA kinases, caveolin and integrins can modify and induce spatial, temporal and compartmental variations of calcium signaling. In addition, calcium signaling can exhibit sex hormone- and age-dependent changes. A number of chapters are dedicated to covering these diverse formats, spatiotemporal characteristics, multifaceted network and mathematical modeling of Ca2+ signaling. Neurotransmitters, hormones, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and other stimuli may lead to multiple cellular responses by inducing Ca2+ signaling in airway smooth muscle cells. Increasing evidence suggests that Ca2+ pumps and canonical transient receptor potential channels are essential for airway smooth muscle remodeling. Accordingly, several chapters summarize recent advances in the studies of the key role of calcium signaling in physiological cellular responses as well as the development of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other respiratory disorders.
Author: Yong-Xiao Wang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319013122
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book explores the role calcium signaling plays in cellular responses in almost all types of cells including airway smooth muscle cells. This universal signaling may result from extracellular calcium influx and/or intracellular calcium release, which are precisely controlled and regulated by ion channels, exchangers and/or transporters on the plasmalemmal or sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. First, several chapters detail calcium release channels (ryanodine receptors and inositol trisphosphate receptors), voltage-dependent potassium channels, transient receptor potential channels, Orai channels, calcium-activated potassium channels, and calcium-activated chloride channels. Well-characterized sodium-calcium exchangers, voltage-dependent calcium channels, and calcium pumps are described also in depth over many chapters. Ca2+ signaling can be expressed in Ca2+ sparks, waves, oscillations, and global changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Calcium in subcellular compartments (cytosol, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and caveolae) also exhibit dynamic crosstalk. Many molecules including FK506 binding proteins, cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose, reactive oxygen species, RhoA kinases, caveolin and integrins can modify and induce spatial, temporal and compartmental variations of calcium signaling. In addition, calcium signaling can exhibit sex hormone- and age-dependent changes. A number of chapters are dedicated to covering these diverse formats, spatiotemporal characteristics, multifaceted network and mathematical modeling of Ca2+ signaling. Neurotransmitters, hormones, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and other stimuli may lead to multiple cellular responses by inducing Ca2+ signaling in airway smooth muscle cells. Increasing evidence suggests that Ca2+ pumps and canonical transient receptor potential channels are essential for airway smooth muscle remodeling. Accordingly, several chapters summarize recent advances in the studies of the key role of calcium signaling in physiological cellular responses as well as the development of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other respiratory disorders.
Author: Catherine-Rose Colliard Rouiller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Author: Deepak A. Deshpande
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 518
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Book Description
Author: Martin Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Hypertension and asthma are highly prevalent and debilitating diseases. A common feature that has been recognized as pathogenic for these two diseases is the remodeling of the vasculature and airways. Specifically, the thickening of the smooth muscle layers of the vasculature and airways is critical for these disease processes. At the cellular level, smooth muscle cells dedifferentiate from a healthy contractile/quiescent phenotype to a highly proliferative, migratory, and secretory phenotype during vascular and airway remodeling. This phenotypic switch is also accompanied by a molecular reprogramming of the calcium (Ca2+) signaling machinery. Numerous ion channels and transporters are modulated in this dedifferentiation to favor a repertoire that spatiotemporally disseminates Ca2+ signals that activate fibroproliferative signaling at the expense of contractile function. One Ca2+ signaling pathway that reprograms during vascular and airway remodeling is the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) pathway. SOCE is initiated by depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores by receptor agonists. Upon depletion, the ER transmembrane protein, STIM, activates the plasma membrane (PM) ORAI Ca2+ channel. The activation of SOCE stimulates fibroproliferative pathways. Although not carefully studied in smooth muscle cells, the novel mitochondrial sodium (Na+)/Ca2+/Lithium (Li+) Exchanger (NCLX) has also emerged as essential for migration and proliferation for other cell types. NCLX mediates Ca2+ extrusion from the mitochondria. This dissertation illuminates how STIM1 and NCLX have critical roles in mediating smooth muscle remodeling in hypertension and asthma. We first identified L-type Ca2+ channel blockers (LCCBs), which are common antihypertensive drugs, to activate the N-terminus of STIM and stimulate vascular smooth muscle remodeling. Clinical use of LCCBs was also correlated with adverse outcomes of vascular remodeling (i.e., heart failure). In another study, we showed that STIM1 protein expression is enhanced in asthmatic airway smooth muscle (ASM). Furthermore, STIM1 was necessary for airway remodeling in asthma by stimulating pro-remodeling transcriptional reprogramming, enhancing metabolism, and activating the nuclear factor of activated T cells 4 (NFAT4) isoform. STIM1 was also crucial for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), possibly as a result of reduced airway remodeling (AR) and agonist-induced Ca2+ oscillations in ASM. In our final study, we further validated that NCLX regulates SOCE in ASM. Moreover, NCLX, like STIM1, is critical for regulating AR and AHR in asthma. However, NCLX mediates AR by activating pro-remodeling transcriptional reprogramming, modulation of metabolism, and the activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII). Thus, these three critical studies further elucidate the molecular reprogramming that occurs during smooth muscle remodeling in hypertension and asthma. Furthermore, they suggest STIM and NCLX may be novel molecular targets for these diseases.
Author: Mohamed Trebak
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498774237
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
All hollow organs, such as blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, airways, male and female reproductive systems, and the urinary bladder are primarily composed of smooth muscle. Such organs regulate flow, propulsion and mixing of luminal contents and storage by the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle cells. Smooth muscle cells respond to numerous inputs, including pressure, shear stress, intrinsic and extrinsic innervation, hormones and other circulating molecules, as well as autocrine and paracrine factors. This book is a review of smooth muscle cell regulation in the cardiovascular, reproductive, GI, and other organ systems with emphasis on calcium and receptor signaling. Key selling features: Focuses on smooth muscles of different types Describes ion channel signaling mechanisms Reviews calcium and receptor signaling Includes novel, cutting-edge methodologies Summarizes studies of mice with genetically encoding sensors in smooth muscle Chapter 9 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
Author: Smadar A. Lapidot
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Author: David Raeburn
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034876815
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Author: Mỹ G. Mahoney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adenosine triphosphatase
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
Author: Thomas Arthur White
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Author: James J. Lee
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012394385X
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 679
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Book Description
Eosinophils in Health and Disease provides immunology researchers and students with a comprehensive overview of current thought and cutting-edge eosinophil research, providing chapters on basic science, disease-specific issues, therapeutics, models for study and areas of emerging importance.
