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Author: Thierry Tressel
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Industrial productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 31
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Book Description
Scarpetta and Tressel present empirical evidence on the determinants of industry-level multifactor productivity growth. They focus on "traditional factors," including the process of technological catch up, human capital, and research and development (R & D), as well as institutional factors affecting labor adjustment costs. Their analysis is based on harmonized data for 17 manufacturing industries in 18 industrial economies over the past two decades. The disaggregated analysis reveals that the process of technological convergence takes place mainly in low-tech industries, while in high-tech industries, country leaders tend to pull ahead of the others. The link between R & D activity and productivity also depends on technological characteristics of the industries: while there is no evidence of R & D boosting productivity in low-tech industries, the effect is strong in high-tech industries, but the technology leaders tend to enjoy higher returns on R & D expenditure compared with followers. There is also evidence in the data that high labor adjustment costs (proxied by the strictness of employment protection legislation) can have a strong negative impact on productivity. In particular, when institutional settings do not allow wages or internal training to offset high hiring and firing costs, the latter reduce incentives for innovation and adoption of new technologies, and lead to lower productivity performance. Albeit drawn from the experience of industrial countries, this result may have relevant implications for many developing economies characterized by low relative wage flexibility and high labor adjustment costs. This paper--a joint product of the Social Protection Team, Human Development Network, World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund--is part of a larger effort to understand what drives productivity growth.
Author: Thierry Tressel
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Industrial productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 31
Get Book Here
Book Description
Scarpetta and Tressel present empirical evidence on the determinants of industry-level multifactor productivity growth. They focus on "traditional factors," including the process of technological catch up, human capital, and research and development (R & D), as well as institutional factors affecting labor adjustment costs. Their analysis is based on harmonized data for 17 manufacturing industries in 18 industrial economies over the past two decades. The disaggregated analysis reveals that the process of technological convergence takes place mainly in low-tech industries, while in high-tech industries, country leaders tend to pull ahead of the others. The link between R & D activity and productivity also depends on technological characteristics of the industries: while there is no evidence of R & D boosting productivity in low-tech industries, the effect is strong in high-tech industries, but the technology leaders tend to enjoy higher returns on R & D expenditure compared with followers. There is also evidence in the data that high labor adjustment costs (proxied by the strictness of employment protection legislation) can have a strong negative impact on productivity. In particular, when institutional settings do not allow wages or internal training to offset high hiring and firing costs, the latter reduce incentives for innovation and adoption of new technologies, and lead to lower productivity performance. Albeit drawn from the experience of industrial countries, this result may have relevant implications for many developing economies characterized by low relative wage flexibility and high labor adjustment costs. This paper--a joint product of the Social Protection Team, Human Development Network, World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund--is part of a larger effort to understand what drives productivity growth.
Author: Simon Torok
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN: 1486306713
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
The future will bring change for Australia. But whether that change is for the better or worse largely depends on the decisions we make today as individuals and as a nation. Recognising rapid changes in the global economy, environment and policy, the Australian Government engaged the Australian Council of Learned Academies (ACOLA) to undertake detailed interdisciplinary research to help guide Australian thinking and policy decisions. Dozens of Australia’s finest minds assessed the opportunities available to the nation globally and domestically, charting a course for the future. The resulting findings can prepare Australia to address the challenges ahead and make the most of the opportunities. Securing Australia’s Future synthesises the major themes that emerge from ACOLA’s reports. Each chapter includes key findings designed to optimise Australia’s prosperity and place in the region. The future is a long game but its base must be built now. This book provides a vision for the nation, for its politicians, public servants and industry leaders – a sound footing for securing Australia’s future. It is a vital resource for Members of Federal and State parliaments, senior public servants, industry leaders, universities and the interested public.
Author: Stefano Scarpetta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The authors present empirical evidence on the determinants of industry-level multifactor productivity growth. They focus on "traditional factors," including the process of technological catch up, human capital, and research and development (R&D), as well as institutional factors affecting labor adjustment costs. Their analysis is based on harmonized data for 17 manufacturing industries in 18 industrial economies over the past two decades. The disaggregated analysis reveals that the process of technological convergence takes place mainly in low-tech industries, while in high-tech industries, country leaders tend to pull ahead of the others. The link between R&D activity and productivity also depends on technological characteristics of the industries: while there is no evidence of R&D boosting productivity in low-tech industries, the effect is strong in high-tech industries, but the technology leaders tend to enjoy higher returns on R&D expenditure compared with followers. There is also evidence in the data that high labor adjustment costs (proxied by the strictness of employment protection legislation) can have a strong negative impact on productivity. In particular, when institutional settings do not allow wages or internal training to offset high hiring and firing costs, the latter reduce incentives for innovation and adoption of new technologies, and lead to lower productivity performance. Albeit drawn from the experience of industrial countries, this result may have relevant implications for many developing economies characterized by low relative wage flexibility and high labor adjustment costs.
Author: Webb, Heather C.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799841960
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Despite its economic impact, understanding what shaped emerging economies’ success seems to be a mystery. These complexities are compounded by fast moving technologies, such as the increased usage of artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT). These new technologies have a social impact, but it is how these impacts are developed and managed by people and companies that is significant. Similarly, it is important to investigate how the uncertainties and intangible factors are dealt with and how businesses can utilize innovative approaches to become adaptive in emerging market economies. Research is needed to determine how actors or businesses interact to shape and define either new institutions, new industries, or new innovation to meet the need of potential customers in emerging economies. Innovation Management and Growth in Emerging Economies explores how innovation from emerging economies is being developed through strategic choices and presents the benefits and the drawbacks, the processes, and the characteristics and management practices of both private and/or public organizations. The chapters identify the trends and approaches to innovation development as well as the strategies of adapting and converting threats and challenges into opportunities. The target audience of this book is composed of practitioners, policy influencers, course instructors, professionals, academicians, students, and researchers in the fields of business, administrative sciences, management, and economics.
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821388010
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
The report uses the results of the most recent Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) to examine key drivers of firm performance: access to finance, infrastructure and labor in 29 Eastern European and Central Asian countries.
Author: Pontus Braunerhjelm
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1800884478
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 429
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Book Description
This comprehensive Handbook presents thoughtful analysis on how regulations can impact innovation within a number of regulatory fields and markets, and provides a greater understanding of regulatory complexity and the challenging task it presents for future research.
Author: Isabel Schwinge
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3658109378
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
This book presents the first multidimensional investigation of KIE in the context of low-tech industries and gives insights in paradox conditions and specific mechanisms, using the example of the German textile industry. Therefore, the author solves conceptual inconsistencies and develops an alternative framework referring to systemic concepts of sectoral innovation systems and KIE as well as to the concept of institutional entrepreneurs. As a result, the deviation of willful actors from a restricting institutional environment and sources of entrepreneurial opportunities can be investigated more comprehensively.
Author: Pavel E. Gordeev
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781604560541
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
This publication brings new research in the field of demographic economics studies, the economics of labour, including the supply and demand of labour, decisions of workers/employers, and labour market problems (i.e. unemployment and unions).
Author: Abebe Shimeles
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319762222
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
What are the challenges and action points for agricultural sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa? This open access collection of papers offers technical analyses, policy recommendations and an overview of success stories to date. Each carefully selected paper provides valuable insights for improved policy making and defines relevant strategic priorities on Africa’s sustainable transformation process, which is in line with the international development agenda. Although agriculture remains the main source of income for Africa’s population, the sector is rain-fed subjecting it to the vagaries of weather and climate change. This volume demonstrates the rationale of developing a competitive, inclusive and sustainable agribusiness sector for Africa’s food security and structural transformation. From the impact of Bioenergy crop adoption and Drought Index Insurance to Agro-Industrialization, this volume is important reading for individual researchers, academic associations and professional bodies interested in African agricultural development.
Author: Miria Pigato
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464815003
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 231
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Book Description
Technological revolutions have increased the world’s wealth unevenly and in ways that have accelerated climate change. This report argues that achieving The Paris Agreement’s objectives would require a massive transfer of existing and commercially proven low-carbon technologies (LCT) from high-income to developing countries where the bulk of future emissions is expected to occur. This mass deployment is not only a necessity but also an opportunity: Policies to deploy LCT can help countries achieve economic and other development objectives, like improving human health, in addition to reducing greenhouse gases (GHGs). Additionally, LCT deployment offers an opportunity for countries with sufficient capabilities to benefit from participation in global value chains and produce and export LCTs. Finally, the report calls for a greater international involvement in supporting the poorest countries, which have the least access to LCT and finance and the most underdeveloped physical, technological, and institutional capabilities that are essential to benefit from technology.
