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Author: G. E. Likens
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461599938
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 157
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Book Description
About 15 years ago we began the Hubbard Brook Ecosys tem Study with the development of an ecosystem model and the conception of a method whereby some major parameters of the model could be directly measured under field conditions. The method, called "the small watershed technique," allowed measurement of input and output of chemicals and the construction of ecosystem nutrient bud gets. Although the Hubbard Brook study of nutrient cycling originated with ideas developed by F. H. Bormann and G. E. Likens, its early growth was aided by the remaining authors of this volume-Robert Pierce, forest hydrologist; Noye Johnson, geochemist; and John Eaton, forest ecologist. Donald W. Fisher of the United States Geological Survey also cooperated in the early phases of the project and provided numerous data on the chemistry of precipitation and stream water. Particular credit is due the United States Forest Service, whose scientists chose the Hubbard Brook Valley as a hydrologic study site, selected particular watersheds for intensive measurement, carried out a variety of basic hydrologic studies, and in general cooperated with us in many ways to make the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study a reality. The initial part of the ecosystem study was concerned primarily with nutrient flux and cycling and it was done slowly and deliberately. The entire effort during the first few years of study was carried forward by three of us at vi Preface Dartmouth College with the cooperation of the United States Forest Service.
Author: G. E. Likens
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461599938
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 157
Get Book Here
Book Description
About 15 years ago we began the Hubbard Brook Ecosys tem Study with the development of an ecosystem model and the conception of a method whereby some major parameters of the model could be directly measured under field conditions. The method, called "the small watershed technique," allowed measurement of input and output of chemicals and the construction of ecosystem nutrient bud gets. Although the Hubbard Brook study of nutrient cycling originated with ideas developed by F. H. Bormann and G. E. Likens, its early growth was aided by the remaining authors of this volume-Robert Pierce, forest hydrologist; Noye Johnson, geochemist; and John Eaton, forest ecologist. Donald W. Fisher of the United States Geological Survey also cooperated in the early phases of the project and provided numerous data on the chemistry of precipitation and stream water. Particular credit is due the United States Forest Service, whose scientists chose the Hubbard Brook Valley as a hydrologic study site, selected particular watersheds for intensive measurement, carried out a variety of basic hydrologic studies, and in general cooperated with us in many ways to make the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study a reality. The initial part of the ecosystem study was concerned primarily with nutrient flux and cycling and it was done slowly and deliberately. The entire effort during the first few years of study was carried forward by three of us at vi Preface Dartmouth College with the cooperation of the United States Forest Service.
Author: Gene E. Likens
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461242320
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 171
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Book Description
When we originally published Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem in 1977, the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES) had been in existence for 14 years, and we included data through 1974, or a biogeo chemical record of 11 years. Now our continuous, long-term biogeo chemical records cover more than 31 years, and there have been many changes. The most notable change, however, is that three of our coauthors on the original volume are now deceased. They are deeply missed in so many ways. In spite of the longer records, different trends, and new insights, we believe that the basic concepts and approaches we presented in 1977 represent the most valuable contribution of the original edition. They are still valid and useful, particularly for an introductory study of, or course in, biogeochemistry. Our goal in this revision is to preserve these fea tures, correct errors, and revise or eliminate misleading or ambiguous short-term data (11 years!), while maintaining approximately the original length and the modest cost.
Author: Christopher S. Cronan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319664441
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 205
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Book Description
This textbook presents a comprehensive process-oriented approach to biogeochemistry that is intended to appeal to readers who want to go beyond a general exposure to topics in biogeochemistry, and instead are seeking a holistic understanding of the interplay of biotic and environmental drivers in the cycling of elements in forested watersheds. The book is organized around a core set of ecosystem processes and attributes that collectively help to generate the whole-system structure and function of a terrestrial ecosystem. In the first nine chapters, a conceptual framework is developed based on distinct soil, microbial, plant, atmospheric, hydrologic, and geochemical processes that are integrated in the element cycling behavior of watershed ecosystems. With that conceptual foundation in place, students then proceed to the final three chapters where they are challenged to think critically about integrated element cycling patterns; roles for biogeochemical models; the likely impacts of disturbance, stress, and management on watershed biogeochemistry; and linkages among patterns and processes in watersheds experiencing novel environmental changes. Included with the text are figures, tables of comparative data, extensive literature citations, a glossary of terms, an index, and a set of 24 biogeochemical problems with answers. The problems are intended to support chapter concepts and to demonstrate how critical thinking skills, simple algebra, and thoughtful human logic can be used to solve applied problems in biogeochemistry that might be encountered by a research scientist or a resource manager. Using this book as an introduction to biogeochemistry, students will achieve a level of subject mastery and disciplinary perspective that will permit them to see and to interpret the individual components, interactions, and synergies that are represented in the dynamic element cycling patterns of watershed ecosystems.
Author: F.Herbert Bormann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461262321
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
The advent of ecosystem ecology has created great difficulties for ecologists primarily trained as biologists, since inevitably as the field grew, it absorbed components of other disciplines relatively foreign to most ecologists yet vital to the understanding of the structure and function of ecosystems. From the point of view of the biological ecologist struggling to understand the enormous complexity of the biological functions within an ecosystem, the added necessity of integrating biology with geochemis try, hydrology, micrometeorology, geomorphology, pedology, and applied sciences (like silviculture and land use management) often has appeared as an impossible requirement. Ecologists have frequently responded by limiting their perspective to biology with the result that the modeling of species interactions is sometimes considered as modeling ecosystems, or modeling the living fraction of the ecosystems is considered as modeling whole ecosystems. Such of course is not the case, since understanding the structure and function of ecosystems requires sound understanding of inanimate as well as animate processes and often neither can be under stood without the other. About 15 years ago, a view of ecology somewhat different from most then prevailing, coupled with a strong dose of naivete and a sense of exploration, lead us to believe that consideration of the inanimate side of ecosystem function rather than being just one more annoying complexity might provide exceptional advantages in the study of ecosystems. To examine this possibility, we took two steps which occurred more or less simultaneously.
Author: Richard Turner Holmes
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300203640
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
"Since the early 1960s, the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in the White Mountains of New Hampshire has been one of the most comprehensively studied landscapes on earth. This book highlights many of the important ecological findings amassed during the long-term research conducted there, and considers their regional, national, and global implications." -- P.2 of cover.
Author: Richard H. Waring
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780127354439
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Cycles, water, carbon.
Author: Jacqueline E. Mohan
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128134933
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Ecosystem Consequences of Soil Warming: Microbes, Vegetation, Fauna and Soil Biogeochemistry focuses on biotic and biogeochemical responses to warmer soils including plant and microbial evolution. It covers various field settings, such as arctic tundra; alpine meadows; temperate, tropical and subalpine forests; drylands; and grassland ecosystems. Information integrates multiple natural science disciplines, providing a holistic, integrative approach that will help readers understand and forecast future planetwide responses to soil warming. Students and educators will find this book informative for understanding biotic and biogeochemical responses to changing climatic conditions. Scientists from a wide range of disciplines, including soil scientists, ecologists, geneticists, as well as molecular, evolutionary and conservation biologists, will find this book a valuable resource in understanding and planning for warmer climate conditions.
Author: Deborah Elliott
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781634857949
Category : Forest ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This current book reviews and analyzes forest ecosystems. Chapter One begins with a discussion of radioactivity in forest ecosystems. Chapter Two discusses how litter chemistry has significant effects on soil biogeochemistry and looks into the relationships between litter chemistry, soil chemistry and microbial activity. Chapter Three summarizes information about short- and long-term study of the relationship between soil nematode communities as bioindicators of soil health and different types of disturbance forest soil (fallen trees, fire-damaged) and management (cleared and non-extracted windstorm plot). Chapter Four studies the organization of boreal forests in insular volcanic landscapes of the north-west Pacific. Chapter Five concludes the book with an analysis of the changes of snow moisture balance in logging areas in dark-needles forests of the Yenisei Ridge of Central Siberia.
Author: Richard V. Pouyat
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030452166
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Author: Ernst-Detlef Schulze
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080507409
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
The interactions of biogeochemical cycles influence and maintain our climate system. Land use and fossil fuel emissions are currently impacting the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur on land, in the atmosphere, and in the oceans.This edited volume brings together 27 scholarly contributions on the state of our knowledge of earth system interactions among the oceans, land, and atmosphere. A unique feature of this treatment is the focus on the paleoclimatic and paleobiotic context for investigating these complex interrelationships.* Eight-page colour insert to highlight the latest research* A unique feature of this treatment is the focus on the paleoclimatic context for investigating these complex interrelationships.
