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Author: Jean Mouchet
Publisher: John Libbey Eurotext
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
One million dead a Wear, 500 million with the disease, 2.5 billion people at risk : this is the malaria balance sheet in 2007. The distribution and seriousness of the disease depend on the pathogens and vectors involved, as welt as environmental conditions. Of the four parasites (Plasmodium), only P. falciparum kilts although the other three cause debilitating disease with regular relapses and recrudescence. More than fifty species of Anopheles can fulfil the vector rote which is essential in transmission of the parasite between human beings. Climatic factors (temperature and rainfall), the environment and biogeographical particularities dictate the distribution of anopheline species and determine transmission rates. This is why it makes sense to tank about the biodiversity of malaria. Today, more than 90% of deaths from malaria occur in Tropical Africa which is home to only 10% of humanity. Every 30 seconds a child dies from malaria. This continent harbours the most effective vectors (An. gambiae and An. funestus, in particular) and the climate is highly conducive to transmission of the disease. Severe malaria is also seen in forest foci in Southeast Asia, Papua-New Guinea and the Amazon. In the rest of the tropical and subtropical world, P. vivax and/or P malariae cause less severe disease.
Author: Jean Mouchet
Publisher: John Libbey Eurotext
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
One million dead a Wear, 500 million with the disease, 2.5 billion people at risk : this is the malaria balance sheet in 2007. The distribution and seriousness of the disease depend on the pathogens and vectors involved, as welt as environmental conditions. Of the four parasites (Plasmodium), only P. falciparum kilts although the other three cause debilitating disease with regular relapses and recrudescence. More than fifty species of Anopheles can fulfil the vector rote which is essential in transmission of the parasite between human beings. Climatic factors (temperature and rainfall), the environment and biogeographical particularities dictate the distribution of anopheline species and determine transmission rates. This is why it makes sense to tank about the biodiversity of malaria. Today, more than 90% of deaths from malaria occur in Tropical Africa which is home to only 10% of humanity. Every 30 seconds a child dies from malaria. This continent harbours the most effective vectors (An. gambiae and An. funestus, in particular) and the climate is highly conducive to transmission of the disease. Severe malaria is also seen in forest foci in Southeast Asia, Papua-New Guinea and the Amazon. In the rest of the tropical and subtropical world, P. vivax and/or P malariae cause less severe disease.
Author: Francesca Grifo
Publisher: Island Press
ISBN: 9781559635004
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The implications of biodiversity loss for the global environment have been widely discussed, but only recently has attention been paid to its direct and serious effects on human health. Biodiversity loss affects the spread of human diseases, causes a loss of medical models, diminishes the supplies of raw materials for drug discovery and biotechnology, and threatens food production and water quality. Biodiversity and Human Health brings together leading thinkers on the global environment and biomedicine to explore the human health consequences of the loss of biological diversity. Based on a two-day conference sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, the book opens a dialogue among experts from the fields of public health, biology, epidemiology, botany, ecology, demography, and pharmacology on this vital but often neglected concern. Contributors discuss the uses and significance of biodiversity to the practice of medicine today, and develop strategies for conservation of these critical resources. Topics examined include: the causes and consequences of biodiversity loss emerging infectious diseases and the loss of biodiversity the significance and use of both prescription and herbal biodiversity-derived remedies indigenous and local peoples and their health care systems sustainable use of biodiversity for medicine an agenda for the future In addition to the editors, contributors include Anthony Artuso, Byron Bailey, Jensa Bell, Bhaswati Bhattacharya, Michael Boyd, Mary S. Campbell, Eric Chivian, Paul Cox, Gordon Cragg, Andrew Dobson, Kate Duffy-Mazan, Robert Engelman, Paul Epstein, Alexandra S. Fairfield, John Grupenhoff, Daniel Janzen, Catherine A. Laughin, Katy Moran, Robert McCaleb, Thomas Mays, David Newman, Charles Peters, Walter Reid, and John Vandermeer. The book provides a common framework for physicians and biomedical researchers who wish to learn more about environmental concerns, and for members of the environmental community who desire a greater understanding of biomedical issues.
Author: Sylvie Manguin
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789235502
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
Towards Malaria Elimination - A Leap Forward was started to mark the occasion for renewed commitment to end malaria transmission for good (the WHO's call for "Malaria Free World" by 2030). This book is dedicated for the benefit of researchers, scientists, program and policy managers, students and anyone interested in malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases with the goal of sharing recent information on success stories, innovative control approaches and challenges in different regions of the world. Some main issues that emerged included multidrug-resistant malaria and pandemic risk, vaccines, cross-border malaria, asymptomatic parasite reservoir, the threat of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi, insecticide resistance in Anopheles vectors and outdoor malaria transmission. This book is one little step forward to bring together in 17 chapters the experiences of malaria-expert researchers from five continents to present updated information on disease epidemiology and control at the national/regional level, highlighting the constraints, challenges, accomplishments and prospects of malaria elimination.
Author: Diego Santiago-Alarcon
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030516334
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 582
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Book Description
The Tropics are home to the greatest biodiversity in the world, but tropical species are at risk due to anthropogenic activities, mainly land use change, habitat loss, invasive species, and pathogens. Over the past 20 years, the avian malaria and related parasites (Order: Haemosporida) systems have received increased attention in the tropical regions from a diverse array of research perspectives. However, to date no attempts have been made to synthesize the available information and to propose new lines of research. This book provides such a synthesis by not only focusing on the antagonistic interactions, but also by providing conceptual chapters on topics going from avian haemosporidians life cycles and study techniques, to chapters addressing current concepts on ecology and evolution. For example, a chapter synthesizing basic biogeography and ecological niche model concepts is presented, followed by one on the island biogeography of avian haemosporidians. Accordingly, researchers and professionals interested in these antagonistic interaction systems will find both an overview of the field with special emphasis on the tropics, and access to the necessary conceptual framework for various topics in ecology, evolution and systematics. Given its conceptual perspective, the book will appeal not only to readers interested in avian haemosporidians, but also to those more generally interested in the ecology, evolution and systematics of host-parasite interactions.
Author: Eric Chivian
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
Edited and written by Harvard Medical School physicians Eric Chivian and Aaron Bernstein, Sustaining Life presents a comprehensive--and sobering--view of how human medicines, biomedical research, the emergence and spread of infectious diseases, and the production of food, both on land and in the oceans, depend on on the earth's disappearaing biodiversity. With a foreword by E.O. Wilson and a prologue by Kofi Annan, and more than 200 poignant color illustrations, Sustaining Life contributes essential perspective to the debate over how humans affect biodiversity and a compelling demonstration of the human health costs.
Author: Richard C. Wilkerson
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN: 1421438143
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1332
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Book Description
The definitive reference on the biology, evolution, ecology, and diversity of all known species of the world's mosquitoes. Critical for entomologists, public health professionals, and epidemiologists across the world. Biting multiple times on two, three, or more different hosts, it is no surprise that some species of mosquitoes have co-evolved with pathogens. For humans and other animals, the result has been some of the most challenging diseases known. It has been said that Anopheles gambiae, as the primary transmitter of malaria parasites to humans, is the most dangerous animal in the world. Certainly malaria has killed more people than all the wars that ever took place. Even now, despite drugs and mosquito control, malaria claims the lives of 405,000 per year. The vast majority of mosquito species are not involved in pathogen transmission to humans, but those that are make a huge impact on global health. In this two-volume set, three of the world's leading experts on mosquito disease, ecology, and systematics offer readers unique insights into the fascinating world of mosquitoes while illustrating their diagnostic morphological features in detail. Comprehensively addressing the natural diversity of mosquitoes, the book explains their life histories, bionomic traits, and the physiological and physical adaptations they evolved in response to ever-changing environmental conditions. Mosquitoes are one of the best-known groups of insects, making this book a great starting place for anyone who would like to understand entomology by knowing the details about a representative family. Volume One contains a review of the biology and diversity of mosquitoes. Biology is treated in the following chapters: • Evolution • Nomenclature • Distribution • Development • Dormancy • Mosquito Movement • Feeding and Nutrition • Excretion • Copulation and Insemination • Egg Development and Oviposition The chapters on biology are followed by a well-illustrated summary of the characteristics of all 41 genera and of representative species of mosquitoes. This treatment of the morphological diversity of mosquitoes is accompanied by a glossary of all morphological terms used. Volume Two features • a long-awaited comprehensive mosquito taxonomic catalog detailing the current taxonomic and systematic status of all 3,698 valid species and subspecies, 41 genera, and 187 subgenera • a list of all taxa for definitive use of nomenclature • complete lists of species synonyms, distributions, key taxonomic works, and newly defined informal names • origins of scientific names Readers will discover that some mosquitoes undertake courtship rituals, while others guard their eggs, feed solely on earthworms, or can survive as immatures under ice sheets or in salt-encrusted pools. Hundreds of drawings and high-resolution, close-up images illustrate the text. The most complete reference work on mosquitoes ever produced, Mosquitoes of the World is an unmatched resource for entomologists, public health professionals, epidemiologists, and reference libraries.
Author: Marcus Hall
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000435105
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
This edited volume brings together natural scientists, social scientists and humanists to assess if (or how) we may begin to coexist harmoniously with the mosquito. The mosquito is humanity’s deadliest animal, killing over a million people each year by transmitting malaria, yellow fever, Zika and several other diseases. Yet of the 3,500 species of mosquito on Earth, only a few dozen of them are really dangerous—so that the question arises as to whether humans and their mosquito foe can learn to live peacefully with one another. Chapters assess polarizing arguments for conserving and preserving mosquitoes, as well as for controlling and killing them, elaborating on possible consequences of both strategies. This book provides informed answers to the dual question: could we eliminate mosquitoes, and should we? Offering insights spanning the technical to the philosophical, this is the “go to” book for exploring humanity’s many relationships with the mosquito—which becomes a journey to finding better ways to inhabit the natural world. Mosquitopia will be of interest to anyone wanting to explore dependencies between human health and natural systems, while offering novel perspectives to health planners, medical experts, environmentalists and animal rights advocates.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046831
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
The loss of the earth's biological diversity is widely recognized as a critical environmental problem. That loss is most severe in developing countries, where the conditions of human existence are most difficult. Conserving Biodiversity presents an agenda for research that can provide information to formulate policy and design conservation programs in the Third World. The book includes discussions of research needs in the biological sciences as well as economics and anthropology, areas of critical importance to conservation and sustainable development. Although specifically directed toward development agencies, non-governmental organizations, and decisionmakers in developing nations, this volume should be of interest to all who are involved in the conservation of biological diversity.
Author: Melissa R. Marselle
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030023184
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
This open access book identifies and discusses biodiversity’s contribution to physical, mental and spiritual health and wellbeing. Furthermore, the book identifies the implications of this relationship for nature conservation, public health, landscape architecture and urban planning – and considers the opportunities of nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation. This transdisciplinary book will attract a wide audience interested in biodiversity, ecology, resource management, public health, psychology, urban planning, and landscape architecture. The emphasis is on multiple human health benefits from biodiversity - in particular with respect to the increasing challenge of climate change. This makes the book unique to other books that focus either on biodiversity and physical health or natural environments and mental wellbeing. The book is written as a definitive ‘go-to’ book for those who are new to the field of biodiversity and health.
Author: Frederick Vincent Theobald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mosquitoes
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
