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Author: Andrew Gladding Whiteside
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401504687
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 153
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Book Description
This book is an account of the emergence of a National Socialist party from the German nationalist labor movement in the multi national Austrian empire. Made up of unions chiefly concerned with protecting workers of German nationality from the competition of cheap Czech labor, the German nationalist labor movement was strongest in Bohemia, where the rivalry between Czechs and Germans in the labor market was most acute. Much of Austrian industry was in northern Bohemia, and as it expanded in the latter half of the nineteenth century large riumbers of Czechs moved from the countryside into the industrial centers. Many German workers were displaced by the Czech immigrants, who were accustomed to lower standards of living and therefore willing to accept lower pay. The anger of the German workers developed into an intense hatred of the Czechs, the Czechs resented German domination, and as a result of the mutual enmity, the Socialist international unions split into German and Czech sections. Some of these became separate German and Czech nationalist unions. Other German nationalist unions grew out of the protective associations that were organized by gro. ups of German workers against the Czech danger. Around the turn of the century the leaders of some of the more militant German nationalist unions decided that they could further the members' interests more effectively if the unions were affiliated with a political party under their own control: collaboration with radical nationalists had proved disappointing.
Author: Andrew Gladding Whiteside
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401504687
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 153
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book is an account of the emergence of a National Socialist party from the German nationalist labor movement in the multi national Austrian empire. Made up of unions chiefly concerned with protecting workers of German nationality from the competition of cheap Czech labor, the German nationalist labor movement was strongest in Bohemia, where the rivalry between Czechs and Germans in the labor market was most acute. Much of Austrian industry was in northern Bohemia, and as it expanded in the latter half of the nineteenth century large riumbers of Czechs moved from the countryside into the industrial centers. Many German workers were displaced by the Czech immigrants, who were accustomed to lower standards of living and therefore willing to accept lower pay. The anger of the German workers developed into an intense hatred of the Czechs, the Czechs resented German domination, and as a result of the mutual enmity, the Socialist international unions split into German and Czech sections. Some of these became separate German and Czech nationalist unions. Other German nationalist unions grew out of the protective associations that were organized by gro. ups of German workers against the Czech danger. Around the turn of the century the leaders of some of the more militant German nationalist unions decided that they could further the members' interests more effectively if the unions were affiliated with a political party under their own control: collaboration with radical nationalists had proved disappointing.
Author: Michael Mann
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521538558
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
Fascists presents a new theory of fascism based on intensive analysis of the men and women who became fascists. It covers the six European countries in which fascism became most dominant - Italy, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Romania and Spain. It is the most comprehensive analysis of who fascists actually were, what beliefs they held and what actions they committed. The book suggests that fascism was essentially a product of post World War I conditions in Europe and is unlikely to re-appear in its classic garb in the future. Nonetheless, elements of its ideology remain relevant to modern conditions and are now re-appearing, though mainly in different parts of the world.
Author: Otto Bauer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Austria
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
Author: Jakub S. Beneš
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198789297
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 285
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Book Description
This book tells the story of how nationalism spread among industrial workers in central Europe in the twentieth century, addressing the far-reaching effects, including the democratization of Austrian politics, the collapse of internationalist socialist solidarity before World War I, and the twentieth-century triumph of Social Democracy in much of Europe.
Author: John T. Lauridsen
Publisher: Museum Tusculanum Press
ISBN: 9788763502214
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Part of the "Danish Humanist Texts and Studies" series, this work presents a comparative analysis of the two most important radical right-wing movements in Austria during the inter-war period: Heimwehr and NSDAP. It examines the movements from their emergence until they respectively came in to the power apparatus (Heimwehr) and forbidden (NSDAP).
Author: Katrin Maria Kohl
Publisher: Camden House
ISBN: 9781571132765
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
New essays examine 20th-c. Austrian literature in relation to history, politics, and popular culture. 20th-century Austrian literature boasts many outstanding writers: Schnitzler, Musil, Rilke, Kraus, Celan, Canetti, Bernhard, Jelinek. These and others feature in broader accounts of German literature, but it is desirable to see how the Austrian literary scene -- and Austrian society itself -- shaped their writing. This volume thus surveys Austrian writers of drama, prose fiction, and lyric poetry; relates them to the distinctive history of modern Austria, a democratic republic that was overtaken by civil war and authoritarian rule, absorbed into Nazi Germany, and re-established as a neutral state; and examines their response to controversial events such as the collusion with Nazism, the Waldheim affair, and the rise of Haider and the extreme right. In addition to confronting controversy in the relations between literature, history, and politics, the volume examines popular culture in line with current trends. Contributors: Judith Beniston, Janet Stewart, Andrew Barker, Murray Hall, Anthony Bushell, Dagmar Lorenz, Juliane Vogel, Jonathan Long, Joseph McVeigh, Allyson Fiddler. Katrin Kohl is Lecturer in German and a Fellow of Jesus College, and Ritchie Robertson is Taylor Professor of German Language and Literature and a Fellow of The Queen's College, both at the University of Oxford.
Author: Jan Surman
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN: 1612495621
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 473
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Book Description
Combining history of science and a history of universities with the new imperial history, Universities in Imperial Austria 1848–1918: A Social History of a Multilingual Space by Jan Surman analyzes the practice of scholarly migration and its lasting influence on the intellectual output in the Austrian part of the Habsburg Empire. The Habsburg Empire and its successor states were home to developments that shaped Central Europe's scholarship well into the twentieth century. Universities became centers of both state- and nation-building, as well as of confessional resistance, placing scholars if not in conflict, then certainly at odds with the neutral international orientation of academe. By going beyond national narratives, Surman reveals the Empire as a state with institutions divided by language but united by legislation, practices, and other influences. Such an approach allows readers a better view to how scholars turned gradually away from state-centric discourse to form distinct language communities after 1867; these influences affected scholarship, and by examining the scholarly record, Surman tracks the turn. Drawing on archives in Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Ukraine, Surman analyzes the careers of several thousand scholars from the faculties of philosophy and medicine of a number of Habsburg universities, thus covering various moments in the history of the Empire for the widest view. Universities in Imperial Austria 1848–1918 focuses on the tension between the political and linguistic spaces scholars occupied and shows that this tension did not lead to a gradual dissolution of the monarchy’s academia, but rather to an ongoing development of new strategies to cope with the cultural and linguistic multitude.
Author: George V. Strong
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131529303X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
This study examines the political culture in Austria-Hungary in the latter half of the 19th century. It analyzes the centrifugal forces that arose from growing ethnic nationalism in the empire and that ultimately overpowered the centripetal forces which held the Austrian-Hungarian "state idea" together. The analysis is applied further to provide an historical explanation of analogous developments in post-1989 Europe.
Author: Robert George Leeson Waite
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780393001815
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Vanguard of Nazism is the first full history of the Free Corps Movement which arose in Germany after World War I. Robert Waite's closely documented account shows how proto-Nazi thinking developed in this movement, and how the Free Corp contributed to the growth of National Socialism.
Author: John W. Boyer
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192561774
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 1148
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Book Description
Austria 1867-1955 connects the political history of German-speaking provinces of the Habsburg Empire before 1914 (Vienna and the Alpine Lands) with the history of the Austrian Republic that emerged in 1918. John W. Boyer presents the case of modern Austria as a fascinating example of democratic nation-building. The construction of an Austrian political nation began in 1867 under Habsburg Imperial auspices, with the German-speaking bourgeois Liberals defining the concept of a political people (Volk) and giving that Volk a constitution and a liberal legal and parliamentary order to protect their rights against the Crown. The decades that followed saw the administrative and judicial institutions of the Liberal state solidified, but in the 1880s and 1890s the membership of the Volk exploded to include new social and economic strata from the lower bourgeoisie and the working classes. Ethnic identity was not the final structuring principle of everyday politics, as it was in the Czech lands. Rather social class, occupational culture, and religion became more prominent variables in the sortition of civic interests, exemplified by the emergence of two great ideological parties, Christian Socialism and Social Democracy in Vienna in the 1890s. The war crisis of 1914/1918 exploded the Empire, with the Crown self-destructing in the face of military defeat, chronic domestic unrest, and bitter national partisanship. But this crisis also accelerated the emergence of new structures of democratic self-governance in the German-speaking Austrian lands, enshrined in the republican Constitution of 1920. Initial attempts to make this new project of democratic nation-building work failed in the 1920s and 1930s, culminating in the catastrophe of the 1938 Nazi occupation. After 1945 the surviving legatees of the Revolution of 1918 reassembled under the four-power Allied occupation, which fashioned a shared political culture which proved sufficiently flexible to accommodate intense partisanship, resulting, by the 1970s, in a successful republican system, organized under the aegis of elite democratic and corporatist negotiating structures, in which the Catholics and Socialists learned to embrace the skills of collective but shared self-governance.
