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Author: G. Pasaoglu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789279273902
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Author: G. Pasaoglu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789279273902
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309284486
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The electric vehicle offers many promises--increasing U.S. energy security by reducing petroleum dependence, contributing to climate-change initiatives by decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, stimulating long-term economic growth through the development of new technologies and industries, and improving public health by improving local air quality. There are, however, substantial technical, social, and economic barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles, including vehicle cost, small driving range, long charging times, and the need for a charging infrastructure. In addition, people are unfamiliar with electric vehicles, are uncertain about their costs and benefits, and have diverse needs that current electric vehicles might not meet. Although a person might derive some personal benefits from ownership, the costs of achieving the social benefits, such as reduced GHG emissions, are borne largely by the people who purchase the vehicles. Given the recognized barriers to electric-vehicle adoption, Congress asked the Department of Energy (DOE) to commission a study by the National Academies to address market barriers that are slowing the purchase of electric vehicles and hindering the deployment of supporting infrastructure. As a result of the request, the National Research Council (NRC)--a part of the National Academies--appointed the Committee on Overcoming Barriers to Electric-Vehicle Deployment. This committee documented their findings in two reports--a short interim report focused on near-term options, and a final comprehensive report. Overcoming Barriers to Electric-Vehicle Deployment fulfills the request for the short interim report that addresses specifically the following issues: infrastructure needs for electric vehicles, barriers to deploying the infrastructure, and possible roles of the federal government in overcoming the barriers. This report also includes an initial discussion of the pros and cons of the possible roles. This interim report does not address the committee's full statement of task and does not offer any recommendations because the committee is still in its early stages of data-gathering. The committee will continue to gather and review information and conduct analyses through late spring 2014 and will issue its final report in late summer 2014. Overcoming Barriers to Electric-Vehicle Deployment focuses on the light-duty vehicle sector in the United States and restricts its discussion of electric vehicles to plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which include battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The common feature of these vehicles is that their batteries are charged by being plugged into the electric grid. BEVs differ from PHEVs because they operate solely on electricity stored in a battery (that is, there is no other power source); PHEVs have internal combustion engines that can supplement the electric power train. Although this report considers PEVs generally, the committee recognizes that there are fundamental differences between PHEVs and BEVs.
Author: G. Pasaoglu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789279277382
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
The development of innovative vehicles such as electric driven cars is an important potential option for improving the sustainability of the transport sector. A significant penetration of electric vehicles in the market is possible only if their use is compatible with mobility patterns of individuals. For instance, the driven distance should be compatible with the batteries range or parking patterns should enable re-charging. The JRC-IET together with TRT and IPSOS analyzed car mobility patterns derived from direct surveys in six European Union Member States (France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and United Kingdom). The report aims at providing some insights on how electric vehicles could fit mobility habits of European car drivers. The analysis is based on the data collected within six European countries by means of a sample survey. A web-based car trips diary was filled in by on average 600 individuals in each country.^The individuals logged for 7 consecutive days their driving and parking patterns in 5 minute intervals. For each trip several details such as departure and arrival time, distance and parking place were registered. Socioeconomic characteristics of individuals were also collected. The same questionnaire format was used in all countries allowing for comparability of responses. Representativeness of the derived data was ensured by weighting and aligning the received sample to the socio-demographic reference universe of each member state. Survey results are statistically analyzed to describe mobility patterns. In particular, the information on average number of car trips per day, daily travel distance, daily travel time, trip distance, distribution of parking and driving, distribution of parking places, trip purposes, duration of parking and many other parameters per Member State are analyzed and presented in the report.^Moreover, the analysis of the survey data shows which share of driving patterns are compatible with the use of electric cars with their current technical features (batteries range, re-charge time) under alternative assumptions about the availability of re-charge facilities. Also differences and similarities between countries and user groups are discussed. Overall, the results of the survey provide representative driving profiles for estimating the charging profiles of electric vehicles and many other indications on how people use their car. The outcomes of the survey provide relevant methodological hints to develop similar surveys in other contexts or to repeat the survey in other countries.
Author: Matthias Eisel
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736983794
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
Although electric vehicles (EVs) are theoretically capable of emissions-free driving, their market penetration is still pending, which is reflected in their low sales numbers. This is mainly due to three major barriers to the widespread adoption of these vehicles, with one of them being their limited average driving distance. Although the limited range of these cars would theoretically be sufficient to match the usage patterns of most drivers, they are generally unwilling to accept it. In this regard, users often report serious concerns about not reaching their planned destinations due to battery depletion, which is commonly referred to as range anxiety. Within this cumulative dissertation, four research questions were derived, aiming to investigate measures that mitigate range anxiety and thus positively affect the attitude toward using EVs. To answer these research questions, six studies were conducted. The insights gained from analyzing the data provide researchers with an in-depth knowledge for investigating the influence of information systems on range anxiety. In addition, practitioners find decision support for addressing the phenomenon of range anxiety in implementing and designing information systems.
Author: Marcello Contestabile
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030383822
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
This book offers a comprehensive yet accessible snapshot of the latest consumer research on the adoption and use of electric vehicles. It discusses the importance of developing a better understanding of consumer behavior in relation to electric vehicles, and the advantages that can be gained from the growing number of electric vehicle users, who can now be studied directly. In turn, it systematically analyzes the leading markets for electric vehicles in North America, Europe and Asia. Bringing together the experience and expertise of authoritative researchers and practicing professionals, the book shares a wide range of empirical data obtained at the national level and summarizes the general lessons learned. The last part of the book discusses policy-relevant insights, forecasts the future evolution of the field in terms of methods and data availability, and addresses several key questions that policymakers and other stakeholders are currently facing.
Author: John D. Graham
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1800880138
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
We may be standing on the precipice of a revolution in propulsion not seen since the internal combustion engine replaced the horse and buggy. The anticipated proliferation of electric cars will influence the daily lives of motorists, the economies of different countries and regions, urban air quality and global climate change. If you want to understand how quickly the transition is likely to occur, and the factors that will influence the predictions of the pace of the transition, this book will be an illuminating read.
Author: Mark Burgess
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 9780415816410
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
In a world where we are increasingly feeling the pressure to be environmentally aware more and more people are turning to environmentally friendly modes or transport, including the Electric Car. This book is the first publication to comprehensively examine empirical evidence relating to people's sustained experiences of driving electric vehicles (EVs) and integrating them into their daily lives. Previous books have addressed the technical characteristics and performance of EVs and their component parts, how policy influences technological innovation pertaining to EVs and the commercial and political barriers to EV adoption, but this is the first to examine the psychological impact that electric vehicles have on the individual driver. This book brings together international contributors from the UK, Germany and the USA to discuss psychological findings from electric car studies, including the BMW Mini E trials, the largest of their kind in the world. The book discusses driver experiences including charging, regenerative braking and low vehicle noise, as well as attitudes towards the electric vehicle, and challenges to the current stereotypes. Empirical data is analysed throughout by established psychologists and representatives from the car manufacturing industry making this an essential resource for anyone wanting to gauge the psychological impact of the electric car including researchers and academics in the field of social and transport psychology, environmentalists and government agencies and policy makers.
Author: Danielle Attias
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319458388
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
This book discusses cars of the future and the new socio-economic paradigm that they represent. It examines the electromobility revolution in the traditional automotive industry and brings together multidisciplinary expertise to provide insights into the shift towards electromobility. New vehicular technologies may develop in various directions, including the smart car, and this context raises two important questions: will car manufactures maintain control over the industry? And if so, will they be able to come up with sufficiently radical innovations to steer us into the electromobility of tomorrow? One thing is certain: the transition to electromobility will be a revolution. The book’s combined approach to understanding this complex reality enables readers to better visualize the possible future directions. It offers anyone interested in electromobility an excellent review of the subject and a useful roadmap to future developments.
Author: Friðrik Már Baldursson
Publisher: Centre on Regulation in Europe asbl (CERRE)
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
This report provides a timely contribution to the search for concrete responses on how to successfully complete and manage the roll-out of electric vehicles in Europe. For this purpose, the report presents case studies of three countries: Norway and the Netherlands – where market penetration of electric vehicles is already comparatively high – as well as Luxembourg, which is an interesting case from a regulatory perspective. The Three Case Studies Norway has some unique characteristics that are important for the study of how electric vehicles affect the electricity system. On the one hand, the penetration of electric vehicles is higher in Norway than anywhere else in Europe. On the other hand, thanks to the availability of cheap hydropower, the Norwegian electricity system has been designed to support electric space heating in a cold climate. Hence, it has been able to accommodate high levels of electric vehicle penetration, even with relatively light-handed regulation on location and capacity of charging infrastructure. The unique characteristics of Norway make it difficult to generalise its experience. Nevertheless, it does suggest that electric vehicles can be accommodated by electricity systems, given reasonable levels of penetration and sufficient time to respond to the resulting demand for electricity. The Netherlands already has a well-developed network of charging points. The base for charging is provided by private charging points either at home or at work. Semi-public chargers with limited access are also an important category that is growing quickly. Public chargers are often deployed through a demand-driven approach, and this method of providing charging infrastructure where there is not enough private parking – and therefore a lack of private charging – is an option used particularly in cities. The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a small, still developing system in terms of the number of electric vehicles. Luxembourg has organised the development of its charging infrastructure centrally and the main public charging network is owned by distribution companies. Due to its location, the Duchy cooperates with the Netherlands and Belgium to facilitate the usage of electric vehicles in the region so that users of electric vehicles can charge their cars in any station belonging to the three networks. Looking at the three cases, Luxembourg has taken a somewhat different approach to creating a charging infrastructure for electric vehicles than the other two countries studied. There, responsibility for ensuring the deployment of the necessary infrastructure has been vested with electricity network companies, who have produced a comprehensive national scheme based on public tenders, to ensure a timely rollout. Given the relatively low numbers of both electric vehicles and charging points in the country to date, it is however not yet clear how well this approach is working, especially compared to the alternative pursued in the Netherlands and Norway. Both the Netherlands and Norway have adopted more decentralised approaches to charging infrastructure. However, in both countries, such infrastructure has developed in line with the fleet of electric vehicles and charging facilities do not seem to be an obstacle to further growth of the fleet. The Norwegian experience is perhaps of particular interest, given the unusually high penetration of electric vehicles there. The fact that distribution networks are guaranteed financing of necessary upgrades from users has clearly played a part in facilitating the connection of charging points. The Netherlands has developed more of a bottom-up approach to account for the fact that a large proportion of people live in multi-home dwellings without access to a garage or a private parking space. Policy implications For the rise of electric vehicles to go smoothly, it is crucial that the right incentives and market structures be in place. One of the challenges for distribution system operators is to ensure that charging mostly takes place during off-peak hours. Time-of-use pricing is a possible option for shifting general demand for charging at or near homes from peak to off-peak hours. However, this may not suffice to solve the localised problems in distribution networks. A change in regulation, rather than a change in the tariff and pricing structure, could be more appropriate in certain cases. Electric vehicles, or rather their batteries, could also potentially provide important storage and flexibility in a decarbonised energy system based in large part on renewable energy sources. While time-of-use tariffs and pricing or command-and-control regulation would be the appropriate tools to shift charging demand to off-peak hours, they will not be sufficient to exploit the full potential of electric vehicles as storage. One challenge in this regard is simply having enough charging (or de-charging) points for parked vehicles.
Author: Mike Tovey
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317120450
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
European cities increasingly face problems caused by transport and traffic. For many people transport provision is unsatisfactory and current arrangements are leading to a deteriorating environment. A fundamental problem is that our currently fragmented approach makes it difficult to understand fully the circumstances and needs of transport users. In any overall approach public transport is a crucial component. Designing Mobility and Transport Services shows how these issues can be addressed and resolved. The development of an inclusive, validated passenger experience measurement instrument is the first step in understanding the situation and thus tackling it. It is needed if we are to create high quality, user centred, integrated, accessible public transport services, which are capable of attracting and retaining public transport users whilst meeting sustainability targets. The METPEX research project was devised to tackle these issues. Coordinated by Coventry University, the METPEX consortium brought together 16 European partners from 12 countries. The project’s underlying rationale was the proposition that if transport operators and authorities were provided with a robust, reliable and tailorable means of measuring the whole multimodal passenger journey, they could improve service provision. The book describes how such an improvement can be achieved, to attract travellers out of their private vehicles, thereby reducing congestion and pollution and increasing health and well-being. It provides a template for a creative approach and a meta-design narrative in designing for transport systems to enhance mobility choices by improving the door to door journey and thus underpin sustainable transport initiatives.
