Atlas of Point Contact Spectra of Electron-Phonon Interactions in Metals

Atlas of Point Contact Spectra of Electron-Phonon Interactions in Metals PDF Author: A.V. Khotkevich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146152265X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 162

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Book Description
The characteristics of electrical contacts have long attracted the attention of researchers since these contacts are used in every electrical and electronic device. Earlier studies generally considered electrical contacts of large dimensions, having regions of current concentration with diameters substantially larger than the characteristic dimensions of the material: the interatomic distance, the mean free path for electrons, the coherence length in the superconducting state, etc. [110]. The development of microelectronics presented to scientists and engineers the task of studying the characteristics of electrical contacts with ultra-small dimensions. Characteristics of point contacts such as mechanical stability under continuous current loads, the magnitudes of electrical fluctuations, inherent sensitivity in radio devices and nonlinear characteristics in connection with electromagnetic radiation can not be understood and altered in the required way without knowledge of the physical processes occurring in contacts. Until recently it was thought that the electrical conductivity of contacts with direct conductance (without tunneling or semiconducting barriers) obeyed Ohm's law. Nonlinearities of the current-voltage characteristics were explained by joule heating of the metal in the region of the contact. However, studies of the current-voltage characteristics of metallic point contacts at low (liquid helium) temperatures [142] showed that heating effects were negligible in many cases and the nonlinear characteristics under these conditions were observed to take the form of the energy dependent probability of inelastic electron scattering, induced by various mechanisms.

Atlas of Point Contact Spectra of Electron-Phonon Interactions in Metals

Atlas of Point Contact Spectra of Electron-Phonon Interactions in Metals PDF Author: A.V. Khotkevich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146152265X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 162

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Book Description
The characteristics of electrical contacts have long attracted the attention of researchers since these contacts are used in every electrical and electronic device. Earlier studies generally considered electrical contacts of large dimensions, having regions of current concentration with diameters substantially larger than the characteristic dimensions of the material: the interatomic distance, the mean free path for electrons, the coherence length in the superconducting state, etc. [110]. The development of microelectronics presented to scientists and engineers the task of studying the characteristics of electrical contacts with ultra-small dimensions. Characteristics of point contacts such as mechanical stability under continuous current loads, the magnitudes of electrical fluctuations, inherent sensitivity in radio devices and nonlinear characteristics in connection with electromagnetic radiation can not be understood and altered in the required way without knowledge of the physical processes occurring in contacts. Until recently it was thought that the electrical conductivity of contacts with direct conductance (without tunneling or semiconducting barriers) obeyed Ohm's law. Nonlinearities of the current-voltage characteristics were explained by joule heating of the metal in the region of the contact. However, studies of the current-voltage characteristics of metallic point contacts at low (liquid helium) temperatures [142] showed that heating effects were negligible in many cases and the nonlinear characteristics under these conditions were observed to take the form of the energy dependent probability of inelastic electron scattering, induced by various mechanisms.

Point-Contact Spectroscopy

Point-Contact Spectroscopy PDF Author: Yu.G. Naidyuk
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1475762054
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303

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Book Description
Various experimental techniques for point contact production are described. Examples of point-contact spectra are presented for pure metals, alloys and compounds, as well as for semimetals and semiconductors, heavy fermion systems, Kond-lattices, mixed valence compounds and more. Superconducting point contacts are considered in respect to Andreev reflection and Josephson effects. Special attention is paid to contact conductance fluctuation, and new trends of research are outlined.

Low Temperature Physics and Chemistry

Low Temperature Physics and Chemistry PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Low temperatures
Languages : en
Pages : 660

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Book Description


Spectroscopy of Superconducting Materials

Spectroscopy of Superconducting Materials PDF Author: Eric Faulques
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description
This volume outlines the application of various spectroscopies to exotic superconductors. It covers analytic tools, Raman and ultrafast spectroscopy, and photoconductivity and includes theoretical overviews of lattice dynamics, electron-photon coupling, and plasma waves.

Fundamentals of Friction and Wear on the Nanoscale

Fundamentals of Friction and Wear on the Nanoscale PDF Author: Enrico Gnecco
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319105604
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 703

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Book Description
This book provides an updated review on the development of scanning probe microscopy and related techniques, and the availability of computational techniques not even imaginable a few decades ago. The 36 chapters cover instrumental aspects, theoretical models and selected experimental results, thus offering a broad panoramic view on fundamental issues in nanotribology which are currently being investigated. Compared to the first edition, several topics have been added, including triboluminescence, graphene mechanics, friction and wear in liquid environments, capillary condensation, and multiscale friction modeling. Particular care has been taken to avoid overlaps and guarantee the independence of the chapters. In this way, our book aims to become a key reference on this subject for the next five to ten years to come.

Soviet Physics

Soviet Physics PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Solid state physics
Languages : en
Pages : 564

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Book Description


Electron Phenomena in Layered Conductors

Electron Phenomena in Layered Conductors PDF Author: Kolesnichenko
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9789057023682
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 108

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Book Description


Rare Earth Transition Metal Borocarbides (Nitrides)

Rare Earth Transition Metal Borocarbides (Nitrides) PDF Author: Karl-Hartmut Müller
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401007632
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 455

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Book Description
This volume contains most of the contributions presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Rare Earth Transition Metal Borocarbides (Nitrides): Superconducting, Magnetic and Normal State Properties, held in Dresden, Germany at 13 - 18 June 2000. The Workshop was chaired by K. -H. MUller and V. N. Narozhnyi. This was the first meeting specially focused on the quaternary rare-earth transition-metal borocarbides and nitrides - a new class of magnetic superconductors discovered in 1994. The motivation for organizing this workshop was to bring together scientists (both experimentalists and theoreticians), actively working in this field in different countries, using different methods, to exchange their points of view on the properties ofthese materials and to recognize the directions for future research. Totally 48 participants from 17 countries ofEurope, the United States, BraZil, India, Israel and Japan took part in this meeting. In addition about 15 observers (mainly from Germany) attended. The scientific Programme of the Workshop was composed of 7 sections. The section Introduction and Overview was followed by the Electronic Structure and Properties and Phonon Spectra; Magnetic Properties and CEF Effects; Interplay between Superconductivity and Magnetism; Vortex Lattice; Thin Films; Nature of the Superconducting State in Borocarbides sections. Totally 50 presentations were given (45 ofthem in oral form). Considerable attention was devoted to the characterization of the particular place of borocarbides amongst the other magnetic and superconducting systems and, especially, magnetic superconductors.

Magnetic and Superconducting Materials

Magnetic and Superconducting Materials PDF Author: M. Akhavan
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789810242442
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 740

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Book Description
The great breakthroughs in the science and technology of superconducting and magnetic materials in recent years promoted many outstanding representatives of various scientific disciplines (physics, chemistry and materials science) to present their latest findings in a scientific atmosphere of the highest standard at the MSM-99 conference. Over 200 eminent scientists from 50 countries gathered to discuss the physics, materials science and application of magnetic and superconducting materials, and to foster research and development collaborations between the scientists and technologists of the regional countries and also with the international scientific community. The main topics of this book are the physics, materials science and application of magnetic and superconducting materials having a close relationship between the strong correlated electron system and magnetism.

Spectroscopy of Emerging Materials

Spectroscopy of Emerging Materials PDF Author: Eric C. Faulques
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402023960
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422

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Book Description
A comprehensive discussion of the key role of modern spectroscopic investigations in interdisciplinary materials science and engineering, covering emerging materials that are either absolutely novel or well-known materials with recently discovered, exciting properties. The types of spectroscopy discussed include optical, electronic and magnetic, UV-visible absorption, Rayleigh scattering, photoluminescence, vibrational, magnetic resonance, electron energy loss, EXAFS, XANES, optical tomography, time-resolved spectroscopy, and point contact spectroscopy. The materials studied are highly topical, with a focus on carbon and silicon nanomaterials including nanotubes, fullerenes, nanoclusters, metallic superconducting phases, molecular materials, magnetic and charge-stripe oxides, and biomaterials. Theoretical treatments are presented of molecular vibrational dynamics, vibration-induced decay of electronic excited states, nanoscale spin-orbit coupling in 2D Si-based structures, and the growth of semiconductor clusters.