Assessment of Bridges with an Ohio Legal Load Rating Factor Greater Than 1.35 to Meet Specialized Hauling Vehicle Requirements in Ohio PDF Download
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Author: Mubashshir Ahmad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
NCHRP Report 575 established that typical AASHTO Type 3, 3-S2, and 3-3 legal trucks do not represent all legal loads. Single unit trucks with heavy axle loads, referred to as Specialized Hauling Vehicles (SHVs) create higher force effects for bridges with shorter spans or elements with shorter load lengths, such as transverse floor beams than the typical AASHTO loads. Per the FHWA memo dated November 15, 2013, state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are required to incorporate SHVs in their load rating scheme and post bridges, if necessary. ODOT uses its own set of legal trucks (2F1, 3F1, 4F1 and 5C1) in place of AASHTO Type 3, 3-S2, and 3-3 legal trucks for load rating. A comparison of moments produced by the AASHTO SHVs showed an increase of up to 25% over the Ohio legal trucks. To reduce the population of total bridges to be load rated for SHVs, it was hypothesized that Ohio bridges with a span of less than 200 feet and rating factor (RF) greater than or equal to 1.35 for Ohio legal loads will have a load rating factor greater than 1.00 under the new SHV loads. This thesis presents the research work done to assist ODOT in statistically demonstrating the abovementioned hypothesis. A sample of bridges (approximately 200) was analyzed for SHV loads. The sample includes a variety of bridge types, spans, and skews to cover the more common bridges. Data on the bridges such as the drawings, inspection reports, Bridge Analysis and Rating System (BARS) files and Bridge Load Rating Summary Reports were used as input. AASHTOWare Bridge Rating (BrR) software was used to perform the load ratings at Inventory and Operating level for HS20/HL93, Ohio Legal loads, and AASHTO SHVs for the current field conditions. Sampling of bridges, analytical processes, application of AASHTOWare BrR software, statistical results, and conclusions are discussed herein. All the bridges in the sample analyzed for SHV loads were found to satisfy the hypothesis.
Author: Mubashshir Ahmad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
NCHRP Report 575 established that typical AASHTO Type 3, 3-S2, and 3-3 legal trucks do not represent all legal loads. Single unit trucks with heavy axle loads, referred to as Specialized Hauling Vehicles (SHVs) create higher force effects for bridges with shorter spans or elements with shorter load lengths, such as transverse floor beams than the typical AASHTO loads. Per the FHWA memo dated November 15, 2013, state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are required to incorporate SHVs in their load rating scheme and post bridges, if necessary. ODOT uses its own set of legal trucks (2F1, 3F1, 4F1 and 5C1) in place of AASHTO Type 3, 3-S2, and 3-3 legal trucks for load rating. A comparison of moments produced by the AASHTO SHVs showed an increase of up to 25% over the Ohio legal trucks. To reduce the population of total bridges to be load rated for SHVs, it was hypothesized that Ohio bridges with a span of less than 200 feet and rating factor (RF) greater than or equal to 1.35 for Ohio legal loads will have a load rating factor greater than 1.00 under the new SHV loads. This thesis presents the research work done to assist ODOT in statistically demonstrating the abovementioned hypothesis. A sample of bridges (approximately 200) was analyzed for SHV loads. The sample includes a variety of bridge types, spans, and skews to cover the more common bridges. Data on the bridges such as the drawings, inspection reports, Bridge Analysis and Rating System (BARS) files and Bridge Load Rating Summary Reports were used as input. AASHTOWare Bridge Rating (BrR) software was used to perform the load ratings at Inventory and Operating level for HS20/HL93, Ohio Legal loads, and AASHTO SHVs for the current field conditions. Sampling of bridges, analytical processes, application of AASHTOWare BrR software, statistical results, and conclusions are discussed herein. All the bridges in the sample analyzed for SHV loads were found to satisfy the hypothesis.
Author: Himal Gyawali
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 87
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Book Description
According to the FHWA (Federal Highway Administration) memo dated November 15, 2013, state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are required to incorporate SHVs (Special Hauling Vehicles) in their load rating scheme and, if necessary, post bridges. Ohio-DOT uses its own set of legal trucks (2F1, 3F1, F1 and 5C1) in place of AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) type 3, 3-S2, and 3-3 legal trucks for load rating. A comparison of moments produced by the AASHTO SHVs showed an increase of up to 25\% over the Ohio legal trucks. To reduce the population of total bridges to be load rated for SHVs, it was hypothesized that Ohio bridges with a span of less than 200 feet, and a rating factor (RF) greater than or equal to 1.35 for Ohio legal loads, will have a load rating factor greater than 1.00 under the new SHV loads. This thesis presents the research work to assist ODOT (Ohio Department of Transportation) in parametrically demonstrating the above-mentioned hypothesis. The parametric study examines theoretical single and multiple span bridges of uniform stiffness. For the parametric study of simple span bridges, the ratio of controlling RFs increased from fifteen to eighty feet, having 1.35 ratio at a span of seventy feet, and a maximum ratio of 1.36 for spans eighty feet followed by a decreasing trend. A ratio of 1.36 meant the controlling RF for SHV could fall to 0.99 for a bridge if its controlling RF for Ohio legal load is 1.35. Shear did not control in any of the cases The parametric study of multi-span bridges was done in two stages. Since thousands of span combinations were possible in the inventory, the first stage was to find the most conservative span configurations. It was found that two-span bridges are more conservative than other multi-span configurations, except for negative moment when the ratio of exterior to interior span is equal to or greater than 0.96. When the ratio of exterior to interior span is greater than or equal to 0.96, positive moment controls over negative moment. Therefore, a two-span bridge configuration always produces conservative load rating results. Analysis was performed only on a series of theoretical two-span bridges. The second stage of the parametric analysis was to evaluate the ratio of controlling RFs for the series of two span configurations. For multi-span bridges, none of the ratios of RF fall below 1.35 for positive moment and the critical configuration was eighty-five feet-fifty-five feet which had a rating factor of 1.35. The critical ratio of RF for negative moment was found to be 1.37 for a 30 feet-20 feet span.
Author: Douglas K. Nims
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Box girder bridges
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The statistical study considered real bridges in Ohio with a rating factor (RF) ≥ 1.35 whose section properties may vary along the length of the bridge. A sample of these bridge was examined. The sample included a minimum of thirty bridges of the each of the six common types studied. No actual bridge was found to have an SHV RF
Author: Shariful Islam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 93
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Book Description
Short, single-unit trucks with heavy, closely spaced axle-loads, referred to as Specialized Hauling Vehicles (SHVs), have lower load ratings than AASHTO legal loads. SHVs may cause forces by more than fifty percent in certain cases. These higher-force effects are for bridges with shorter spans, or elements with shorter load lengths, such as transverse floor beams. Per the FHWA, the Ohio Department of Transportation was required to incorporate SHVs in their load-rating basis and post bridges. This would require ODOT to load rate thousands of bridges. An initial comparison of moments produced by SHVs showed an increase of approximately twenty-five percent over the Ohio legal trucks. Therefore, ODOT divided its bridge inventory into three groups: • Group A - Ohio Legal Rating Factor ≥ 1.35 • Group B - 1.00 ≤ Ohio Legal Rating Factor ≤ 1.35 • Group C - Ohio Legal Rating Factor ≤ 1.00 ODOT hypothesized that Ohio bridges with their longest span less than 200 feet and rating factor (RF) ≥ 1.35 for Ohio legal loads will have a RF ≥ 1.0 under SHV loads. Thus, bridges with a rating factor greater than 1.35 would not require load rating for SHVs. If this hypothesis is correct, the number of bridges requiring load rating would be reduced by an order of magnitude. This hypothesis was tested through load rating of an existing 187 bridges and parametric studies. The author rated twenty-five slab, twelve PS I-beam, thirteen PS box, and twenty-eight steel bridges. A parametric model for single span bridges was developed by the author. To test the hypothesis in a broad way, results from all 187 bridges were analyzed in this thesis. Ratings for all the bridges satisfy the hypothesis. However, two out of thirty-three prestressed box beam bridges, and one out of thirty steel simple span bridges had a ratio of Ohio legal load RF to SHV RF greater than 1.35. This means that a similar bridge with an Ohio legal load RF equal to 1.35 would have had an SHV RF less than 1.00. The results for this work supported the hypothesis. In the sample taken for load rating study, none of the bridges have a controlling SHV RF less than 1.0. The highest ratio of RF for the box bridges were 1.36 and 1.37 for 76-foot and 80-foot simple span bridges respectively. The highest ratio of RF for a simple span steel bridge was 1.36 for a 70-foot span bridge. All three bridges with a RF ratio greater than the 1.35 value were simple span and have a span from 70- to 80-feet. The consistency of the existing bridge load rating and parametric studies shows the general applicable of the parametric model. The work presented here is part of a larger study that considered existing bridges of all typical types with a RF ≥ 1.35 were load rated and examined in parametric studies. Broadly, the hypothesis was supported. However, a few cases with a load rating of 1.37 were required to assure the SHV load rating was above 1.00.
Author: Shad M. Sargand
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Live loads
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
The State of Ohio has the second largest inventory of statutory bridges among all State Departments of Transportation in the U.S. Ohio law requires all structures with a span greater than 10 feet (3.05 m) to be treated as a bridge. A portion of the bridge inventory is comprised of long-span culverts, including reinforced concrete and corrugated metal drainage pipe structures having various shapes. The shapes can encompass circular, elliptical, pipe-arch, arch, box, and other long-span configurations. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) requires all existing and proposed bridges to be load rated using one of the two methods: Load Factor Rating or Load & Resistance Factor Rating. However, neither FHWA nor AASHTO has a comprehensive procedure on load rating of large-span culverts. In 2009, ODOT published a report titled "Verification of ODOT's Load Rating Analysis Programs for Metal Pipe and Arch Culverts." The report briefly discussed minimum soil cover and the applicability of previous methods utilized by ODOT to assess a culvert's load rating factor. ODOT recognized that selection of a load rating factor for cover less than minimum is problematic and overly conservative. In 2012 ODOT revised this methodology to utilize a stability method proposed in Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures by Galambos [1998]. While this method is a significant improvement over the earlier method, anecdotal field evidence suggests this method is also too conservative. In order to evaluate the ODOT method, the structural responses of several metal culvert structures in the field under in-service live loads during controlled load tests were measured.
Author: Mark Mlynarski
Publisher: Transportation Research Board National Research
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 700: A Comparison of AASHTO Bridge Load Rating Methods documents an analysis of 1,500 bridges that represent various material types and configurations using AASHTOWareTM Virtis® to compare the load factor rating to load and resistance factor rating for both moment and shear induced by design vehicles, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) legal loads, and eight additional permit/legal vehicles.
Author: Ohio. Department of Highways
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Fred Moses
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
Author: Ohio. Department of Highways
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Ohio. Department of Transportation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Intended to aid planners in the consideration of both historical merit and highway use of bridges.
