Assessing the Safety and Operational Benefits of Connected and Automated Vehicles PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Assessing the Safety and Operational Benefits of Connected and Automated Vehicles PDF full book. Access full book title Assessing the Safety and Operational Benefits of Connected and Automated Vehicles by Md Sharikur Rahman. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Md Sharikur Rahman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Get Book Here
Book Description
Currently, CAV fleet data are not easily obtainable which is one of the primary reasons to deploy the simulation techniques in this study to evaluate the impacts of CAVs in the roadway. The car following, lane changing, and the platooning behavior of the CAV technologies were modeled in the C++ programming language by considering realistic car following and lane changing models in PTV VISSIM. Surrogate safety assessment techniques were considered to evaluate the safety effectiveness of these CAV technologies, while the average travel time, average speed, and average delay were evaluated as traffic operational measures. Several statistical tests (i.e., Two sample t-test, ANOVA) and the modelling techniques (Tobit, Negative binomial, and Logistic regression) were conducted to evaluate the CAV effectiveness with different MPRs over the baseline scenario. The statistical tests and modeling results suggested that the higher the MPR of CAVs implemented, the higher were the safety and mobility benefits achieved for different roadways (i.e., freeway, expressway, arterials, managed lane), weather (i.e., clear, foggy), and traffic conditions (i.e., peak and off-peak period). Interestingly, from the safety and operation perspective, at least 30% and 20% MPR were needed to achieve both the safety and operational benefits of peak and off-peak period, respectively. This dissertation has major implications for improving transportation infrastructure by recommending optimal MPR of CAVs to achieve balanced mobility and safety benefits considering varying roadway, traffic, and weather condition.
Author: Md Sharikur Rahman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Get Book Here
Book Description
Currently, CAV fleet data are not easily obtainable which is one of the primary reasons to deploy the simulation techniques in this study to evaluate the impacts of CAVs in the roadway. The car following, lane changing, and the platooning behavior of the CAV technologies were modeled in the C++ programming language by considering realistic car following and lane changing models in PTV VISSIM. Surrogate safety assessment techniques were considered to evaluate the safety effectiveness of these CAV technologies, while the average travel time, average speed, and average delay were evaluated as traffic operational measures. Several statistical tests (i.e., Two sample t-test, ANOVA) and the modelling techniques (Tobit, Negative binomial, and Logistic regression) were conducted to evaluate the CAV effectiveness with different MPRs over the baseline scenario. The statistical tests and modeling results suggested that the higher the MPR of CAVs implemented, the higher were the safety and mobility benefits achieved for different roadways (i.e., freeway, expressway, arterials, managed lane), weather (i.e., clear, foggy), and traffic conditions (i.e., peak and off-peak period). Interestingly, from the safety and operation perspective, at least 30% and 20% MPR were needed to achieve both the safety and operational benefits of peak and off-peak period, respectively. This dissertation has major implications for improving transportation infrastructure by recommending optimal MPR of CAVs to achieve balanced mobility and safety benefits considering varying roadway, traffic, and weather condition.
Author: Donald L. Fisher
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351979809
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 548
Get Book Here
Book Description
Handbook of Human Factors for Automated, Connected, and Intelligent Vehicles Subject Guide: Ergonomics & Human Factors Automobile crashes are the seventh leading cause of death worldwide, resulting in over 1.25 million deaths yearly. Automated, connected, and intelligent vehicles have the potential to reduce crashes significantly, while also reducing congestion, carbon emissions, and increasing accessibility. However, the transition could take decades. This new handbook serves a diverse community of stakeholders, including human factors researchers, transportation engineers, regulatory agencies, automobile manufacturers, fleet operators, driving instructors, vulnerable road users, and special populations. It provides information about the human driver, other road users, and human–automation interaction in a single, integrated compendium in order to ensure that automated, connected, and intelligent vehicles reach their full potential. Features Addresses four major transportation challenges—crashes, congestion, carbon emissions, and accessibility—from a human factors perspective Discusses the role of the human operator relevant to the design, regulation, and evaluation of automated, connected, and intelligent vehicles Offers a broad treatment of the critical issues and technological advances for the designing of transportation systems with the driver in mind Presents an understanding of the human factors issues that are central to the public acceptance of these automated, connected, and intelligent vehicles Leverages lessons from other domains in understanding human interactions with automation Sets the stage for future research by defining the space of unexplored questions
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309441353
Category : Intelligent transportation systems
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
TRB?s Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2559, includes 15 papers that explore information related to intelligent transportation systems, including: National Survey Identifying Gaps in Consumer Knowledge of Advanced Vehicle Safety Systems, Capturing the Benefits of a Variable Advisory Speed System in Portland, Oregon: Empirical Before and After Evaluation, Lane Departure Warning and Prevention Systems in the U.S. Vehicle Fleet: Influence of Roadway Characteristics on Potential Safety Benefits, Assessing State Department of Transportation Readiness for Connected Vehicle?Cooperative Systems Deployment: Oregon Case Study, Asset-Lite Parking: Big Data Analytics in Development of Sustainable Smart Parking Solutions in Washington, D.C., Optimal Connectivity-Based Deployment of Roadside Units for Vehicular Networks in Urban Areas, Operational Concepts for Truck Maneuvers with Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control, Determining the Readiness of Automated Driving Systems for Public Operation: Development of Behavioral Competency Requirements, Traffic Information System to Deliver In-Vehicle Messages on Predefined Routes: Use of Dedicated, Short-Range Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication, Parking Sensing and Information System: Sensors, Deployment, and Evaluation, Use of Speed Measurements for Highway Traffic State Estimation: Case Studies on NGSIM Data and Highway A20, Netherlands, Information Age in Forward Collision Warning Based on Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications: Sensitivity Analysis, Modeling Evaluation of Eco?Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control in Vicinity of Signalized Intersections, Bionic Lane Driving of Autonomous Vehicles in Complex Urban Environments: Decision-Making Analysis, and Investigating Driver Response Time to Freeway Merge Advisories in a Connected Vehicle Environment.
Author: Raj Ponnaluri
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128205679
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Get Book Here
Book Description
These discussions are technologically interdisciplinary and procedurally cross-functional, hence the need for CAV: Developing Policies, Designing Programs, and Deploying Projects.This book is aimed at the policy-maker who wants to know the high-level detail; the planner who chooses to pursue the most efficient path to implementation; the professional engineer who needs to design a sustainable system; the practitioner who considers deployable frameworks; the project manager who oversees the system deployment; the private sector consultant who develops and delivers a CAV program; and the researcher who evaluates the project benefits and documents lessons learned. .
Author: Raj Ponnaluri
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128208856
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Get Book Here
Book Description
Disruption in Transportation, as some experts say, is here; so is this book at this critical inflection point in the history of transportation planning, engineering, and operations. With a focus on improving safety and maximizing available systems to accommodate all modes of travel, this work brings together an array of topics and themes on transportation technologies under the banner of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV). The emerging technology implementing entities, industry leaders, original equipment manufacturers, standard development organizations, researchers, and others are singularly focused on a global multilogue to promote Safety, Mobility, Environment, and Economic Development (SMEEd). These discussions are technologically interdisciplinary and procedurally cross-functional, hence the need for CAV: Developing Policies, Designing Programs, and Deploying Projects. This book is aimed at the policy-maker who wants to know the high-level detail; the planner who chooses to pursue the most efficient path to implementation; the professional engineer who needs to design a sustainable system; the practitioner who considers deployable frameworks; the project manager who oversees the system deployment; the private sector consultant who develops and delivers a CAV program; and the researcher who evaluates the project benefits and documents lessons learned. This book makes a business case for implementing CAV technologies to achieve SMEEd goals; presents the possibilities and challenges to deploying emerging technologies; identifies the institutional roles and responsibilities; and develops a policy framework for mainstreaming CAV. A comprehensive perspective on emerging technologies and CAV policies, planning, and practice A practical guide to support the development of a policy framework, business case, and justify funding A real-world experience-driven discussion with case studies, lessons learned, and road map creation A goal-oriented and practitioner-focused detail to draft, design, and deploy emerging technologies and CAV to achieve safety and mobility outcomes
Author: Md Hasibur Rahman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 189
Get Book Here
Book Description
Furthermore, the study considered the performance of different communication system along with the traffic condition by utilizing Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC or IEEE 802.11p) and wireless access (IEEE 1609 protocol) for the application of vehicle ad-hoc network (VANET). To this end, the study evaluated the safety effectiveness of different communication protocols under the CAV environment. Aimsun Next and SUMO & OMNET++ based Veins simulator were used as the simulation platform. Different car-following models, signal control algorithm, and communication systems were coded by using the application programming interface (API) and C++ language. For the traffic efficiency, the study utilized travel time and travel time rate (TTR) while for the safety evaluation, different surrogate safety measures; speed, and crash-risk models were used. Also, several statistical tests (e.g., t-test, ANOVA) and modeling techniques (e.g., generalized estimating equation, logistic regression, etc.) were developed to analyze both safety and mobility. The results of this study implied that CAV could improve both safety and efficiency at the network level with different MPRs. Also, CAV is more efficient compared to the only AV in terms of both traffic safety and mobility. Different communication protocols have a significant effect on traffic safety under the CAV environment. Finally, the results of this study provide insight to transportation planners and the decision makers about the benefits of CAV at the network level, different CAV technologies, and the performance of different communication systems under the CAV environment.
Author: Gereon Meyer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030229335
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Get Book Here
Book Description
This is the sixth volume of a sub series on Road Vehicle Automation published within the Lecture Notes in Mobility. The contents have been provided by researchers, engineers and analysts from all around the world. Topics covered include public sector activities, human factors and challenges, ethical, legal, energy and technology perspectives, vehicle systems development, as well as transportation infrastructure and planning. The book is based on the Automated Vehicles Symposium held on July 9-12, 2018 in San Francisco, CA (USA).
Author: James M. Anderson
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 0833084372
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 215
Get Book Here
Book Description
The automotive industry appears close to substantial change engendered by “self-driving” technologies. This technology offers the possibility of significant benefits to social welfare—saving lives; reducing crashes, congestion, fuel consumption, and pollution; increasing mobility for the disabled; and ultimately improving land use. This report is intended as a guide for state and federal policymakers on the many issues that this technology raises.
Author: Sia Macmillan Lyimo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automated vehicles
Languages : en
Pages : 149
Get Book Here
Book Description
Autonomous vehicles have recently gained the attention of researchers due to their expected potential benefits on highway traffic streams, such as improving roadway capacity, among others. It is imperative to investigate how these expected benefits can be leveraged in the transportation sector. Understanding the safety and operational benefits helps the concerned transportation agencies and other key stakeholders to make necessary infrastructural and policy adjustments to accommodate such future traffic operation changes. The main goal of this dissertation is to study the impact of connected and automated vehicles on freeway capacity. The simulated environment was created to emulate autonomous vehicle behaviors, connectivity between vehicles, and various scenarios that answer research questions to achieve the research goal. The first case study uses simulated traffic flows at different percentages of human-driven heavy vehicles (HDHVs) and automated passenger cars (APCs) to investigate the impacts of both HDHVs and APCs on freeway capacity. In addition, the future applicability of the current design guidelines presented in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) is investigated. This case study provides information on how passenger car automation affects freeway capacity. Also, a modified formula is proposed in place of the current HCM formula for determining vehicle adjustment factors due to HDHVs and APCs in the traffic stream capacity. Also, a modified formula is proposed in place of the current HCM formula for determining vehicle adjustment factors due to HDHVs and APCs in the traffic stream. Another case study investigates the impact of connected and automated heavy vehicles (CAHV) on freeway basic section capacity. Various simulations were conducted considering the percent of human-driven heavy vehicles (HDHV) in the mix, platoon size, and percent of CAHV on HDHV and lane restriction. The simulation results provide insights into how these factors impact the freeway's capacity. In particular, freeway capacity significantly increased with CAHV and lane restriction scenarios. The increase in capacity was apparent at a higher percentage of trucks in the traffic mix. Regarding CAHV platoon size, the capacity does not appear to significantly change with platoon size for a given percent of trucks in the traffic mix. Furthermore, a system-wide case study is conducted in Michigan, covering all the interstates. The model developed using simulated results is used to assess how the introduction of CAHVs alters the current capacity and their respective level of services without incurring any infrastructural changes. The observed positive benefits at the system-wide level are discussed, and recommendations are provided to transportation agencies. Lastly, the study investigates how the adoption of connectivity and automation in the vehicle industry will strengthen transportation equity, especially for people with disabilities and non-motorized user groups. The survey on non-users was used to identify factors associated with differences in the perception of the feasibility of the autonomous shuttles for solving the first and last-mile travel. The results provide insight to transportation planners on the possibilities of solving the first and last mile problem among people with disabilities. At the same time, they provide information about the concerns of the non-motorized users should the technology be adopted and operated on the same infrastructure as those used by the non-motorized users.
Author: Gereon Meyer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319948962
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 247
Get Book Here
Book Description
This is the fifth volume of a sub series on Road Vehicle Automation published within the Lecture Notes in Mobility. Like in previous editions, scholars, engineers and analysts from all around the world have contributed chapters covering human factors, ethical, legal, energy and technology aspects related to automated vehicles, as well as transportation infrastructure and public planning. The book is based on the Automated Vehicles Symposium which was hosted by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) and the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) in San Francisco, California (USA) in July 2017.
