Author: D. Shimozuru
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 280

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Book Description
Proceedings of a 1981 IAVCEI Symposium - Arc Volcanism - August-September 1981, Tokyo and Hakone

Author: John Eichelberger
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118672003
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 924

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Book Description
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 172 .The Kamchatka Peninsula and contiguous North Pacific Rim is among the most active regions in the world. Kamchatka itself contains 29 active volcanoes, 4 now in a state of semi-continuous eruption, and I has experienced 14 magnitude 7 or greater earthquakes since accurate recording began in 1962. At its heart is the uniquely acute subduction cusp where the Kamchatka and Aleutian Arcs and Emperor Seamount Chain meet. Volcanism and Subduction covers coupled magmatism and tectonics in this spectacular region, where the torn North Pacific slab dives into hot mantle. Senior Russian and American authors grapple with the dynamics of the cusp with perspectives from the west and east of it, respectively, while careful tephrostratigraphy yields a remarkably precise record of behavior of storied volcanoes such as Kliuchevskoi and Shiveluch. Towards the south, Japanese researchers elucidate subduction earthquake processes with unprecedented geodetic resolution. Looking eastward, new insights on caldera formation, monitoring, and magma ascent are presented for the Aleutians. This is one of the first books of its kind printed in the English language. Students and scientists beginning research in the region will find in this book a useful context and introduction to the region's scientific leaders. Others who wish to apply lessons learned in the North Pacific to their areas of interest will find the volume a valuable reference.

Author: Charles A. Wood
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521438117
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 368

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Book Description
Details information about volcanoes found in the continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and Canada.

Author: Mervin J. Bartholomew
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401116148
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 729

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Book Description
The 8th International Conference on Basement Tectonics was held in Butte, Montana, August 8-12,1988. Historically, basement tectonics conferences have focused on such topics as reactivation of faults, the influence of basement faults on metallogeny and hyrocarbon accumulation, and the use of geophysical and remote sensing techniques to interpret subsurface and surface geology. The 8th Conference diverged from past conferences in that a unifying theme was selected. Because ancient major terrane or cratonic boundaries are often postulated to be fault zones which are subsequently reactivated, the conference was organized to examine all aspects of ancient continental margins and terrane boundaries and to compare younger (Mesozoic) ones, about which more is known, with older (Paleozoic and Precambrian) ones. Moreover, because the 8th Conference was held in the northwestern United States, a greater emphasis was placed on the Mesozoic margin of western North America and the North American shield. The seven oral sessions and four poster sessions all dealt with aspects of the conference theme: characterization and comparison of ancient continental margins. The organizers extend their thanks to those individuals who graciously consented to serve as moderators for the oral sessions: John M. Bartley, Mark S. Gettings, M. Charles Gilbert, John M. Guilbert, Donald W. Hyndman, William P. Leeman, Robert Mason, and A. Krishna Sinha. The program with abstracts volume was prepared by S. E. Lewis and M. J. Bartholomew.

Author: Charles B. Connor
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521887976
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 671

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Book Description
A summary of the current state-of-the-art in volcanic and tectonic hazard assessment of nuclear facilities for researchers, geologists and engineers.

Author: Robert C. Bostrom
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780195090284
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294

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Book Description
This volume reviews the cumulative evidence suggesting that a connection may exist between the Earth's rotation and geotectonics. Among other benefits, such a connection may assist in deciphering the flow of the Earth's mantle.

Author: Brian Taylor
Publisher: American Geophysical Union
ISBN: 0875900453
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 420

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Book Description
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 88. This volume focuses on the volcanic, fluid, sedimentary, and tectonic processes occurring in the trencharc-backarc systems of the western Pacific—a natural regional focus for studies of these themes. The results of ocean drilling and associated site surveys in the western Pacific have brought fundamental changes to our understanding of volcanism, crustal deformation, fluid circulation, and sedimentation in active margins and marginal basins. Our goal here is to synthesize the results of ocean drilling in a multi-disciplinary manner, including a comparison of the findings from drilling legs having similar themes, and to emphasize the significance of these results to the broader geoscience community.

Author: C. Kisslinger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401727384
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 482

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Book Description
A seminar on "Practical Approaches to Earthquake Prediction and Warning" was held in Tokyo and Tsukuba, Japan on November 7-11, 1983. This was the sixth seminar on earthquake prediction in the framework of the U.S.-Japan Cooperation in Science Program, a series that was initiated in 1964. The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the National Science Foundation of the U.S.A. sponsored the seminar. The U.S. Geological Survey gave substantial additional support by sen ding a number of scientists to the seminar. C. H. Scholz, Columbia University, and T. Rikitake, Nihon University, were the co-convenors on behalf of the U.S.A. and Japan, respectively. 23 Japanese and 23 American delegates and observers took part in the seminar. Forty papers were presented during the three days of scientific sessions at the Interna tional House of Japan, Roppongi, Tokyo, November 7-9. The other two days were spent on a field trip to Tsukuba Science City, where national laboratories engaged in earthquake prediction research and other aspects of earthquake hazard reduction have been established by several agencies of the Japanese Government. The program of the scientific sessions was organized according to the following topics: 1. The national programs of Japan and the U.S.A. 2. Theory and long-term earthquake prediction. 3. Strain and stress. 4. Observation systems. 5. Various precursors. 6. Social response, public policy and earthquake engineering.

Author: Adriano Pimentel
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288963728X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Book Description
Ocean island volcanoes constitute some of the most prominent and rapidly-formed features on Earth, and yet they cannot be explained by conventional plate tectonics. Although typically associated with intraplate settings (hotspots), these volcanoes also occur in different geodynamic settings (near mid-ocean ridges). The nature of ocean island magmatism is still the subject of intense debate within the geological community. Traditionally it has been linked to the presence of mantle plumes at depth (e.g. Hawaii), although the interaction with plate tectonics is also recognized to play a significant role (e.g. Azores, Galápagos). Magma compositions may range from basaltic to more differentiated, which consequently is accompanied by striking changes in the eruption style from effusive-dominated to highly explosive volcanism. Understanding how these magmas evolve and how volcanic processes act at ocean island volcanoes are key issues of modern volcanology. Moreover, the growth of ocean island volcanoes from their rise on the seafloor as seamounts, to island emergence and subsequent formation of shield volcanoes (and in some cases large caldera volcanoes) is governed by multiple interrelated changes. It is well known that competing processes model ocean island volcanoes during alternating and/or coeval periods of construction and destruction. The geological evolution of these volcanoes results from the balance among volcanism, intrusions, tectonics, subsidence/uplift, mass wasting, sedimentation, and subaerial and wave erosion. A better knowledge of the interplay between these processes is crucial to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the evolution of such volcanoes, and to the eventual formulation of a unified model for ocean island evolution. Ocean islands are especially vulnerable to volcanic eruptions and other geological hazards on account of their typical small size, rough topography and isolation, which make risk management and evacuation difficult. Volcanic eruptions, in particular, may have a significant impact on local populations, infrastructures, economy and even on the global climate. It is therefore fundamental to monitor these volcanoes with complementary geophysical, geodetic and geochemical techniques in order to forecast future eruptions and their impacts. However, the assessment of volcanic hazards on ocean islands is challenging due to the large variety of phenomena involved (e.g. lava flows, tephra fallout, pyroclastic density currents, lahars, gas emissions). Different approaches are used to assess volcanic hazards, either based on empirical methods or sophisticated numerical models, focusing on a single phenomenon or the combination of different hazards. This Frontiers Research Topic aims to promote discussion within the scientific community, representing an important step forward in our knowledge of ocean island volcanoes in order to serve as a reference for future research.

Author: Roberto Scarpa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642800874
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 846

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Book Description
By the year 2000, the number of people at risk from volcanic hazards is likely to increase to around half a billion. Since 1980, significant advances have been made in volcano monitoring, the data from which provides the sole scientific basis for eruption prediction. Here, internationally renowned and highly experienced specialists provide 25 comprehensive articles covering a wide range of related topics: monitoring techniques and data analysis; modelling of monitoring data and eruptive phenomena; volcanic hazards and risk assessment; and volcanic emergency management. Selected case histories of recent volcanic disasters, such as Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines, demonstrate that effective communication - between scientists, civil authorities, the media and the population at risk - is essential to reducing the danger.