Anatomy, cell wall structure and topochemistry of water-logged archaeological wood aged 5,200 and 4,500 years

Anatomy, cell wall structure and topochemistry of water-logged archaeological wood aged 5,200 and 4,500 years PDF Author: Katarina Čufar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14

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Anatomy, cell wall structure and topochemistry of water-logged archaeological wood aged 5,200 and 4,500 years

Anatomy, cell wall structure and topochemistry of water-logged archaeological wood aged 5,200 and 4,500 years PDF Author: Katarina Čufar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14

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Book Description


Cellular Aspects of Wood Formation

Cellular Aspects of Wood Formation PDF Author: Jörg Fromm
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642364918
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 265

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Book Description
With today’s ever growing economic and ecological problems, wood as a raw material takes on increasing significance as the most important renewable source of energy and as industrial feedstock for numerous products. Its chemical and anatomical structure and the excellent properties that result allow wood to be processed into the most diverse products; from logs to furniture and veneers, and from wood chippings to wooden composites and paper. The aim of this book is to review advances in research on the cellular aspects of cambial growth and wood formation in trees over recent decades. The book is divided into two major parts. The first part covers the basic process of wood biosynthesis, focusing on five major steps that are involved in this process: cell division, cell expansion, secondary cell wall formation, programmed cell death and heartwood formation. The second part of the book deals with the regulation of wood formation by endogenous and exogenous factors. On the endogenous level the emphasis is placed on two aspects: control of wood formation by phytohormones and by molecular mechanisms. Apart from endogenous factors, various exogenous effects (such as climate factors) are involved in wood formation. Due to modern microscopic as well as molecular techniques, the understanding of wood formation has progressed significantly over the last decade. Emphasizing the cellular aspects, this book first gives an overview of the basic process of wood formation, before it focuses on factors involved in the regulation of this process.

Wood in Archaeology

Wood in Archaeology PDF Author: Lee A. Newsom
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107052068
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 353

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Book Description
It considers research involving archaeological wood in all forms, ranging from fuelwood to ships' timbers, from sites around the globe.

IAWA Journal

IAWA Journal PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wood
Languages : en
Pages : 492

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Past interactions between climate, land use, and vegetation

Past interactions between climate, land use, and vegetation PDF Author: Laurent Marquer
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832513751
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 321

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Archaeological Wood

Archaeological Wood PDF Author: Roger M. Rowell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 496

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Book Description
Combining chemistry with techniques of preserving archaeological wood, these 17 essays are based on current understanding of the structure of wood and the mechanisms of its degradation. Topics include the chemical composition of wood and changes brought about by the decay process, biopredators, curing and preservation techniques, museum environments, and the ethics of conservation. For conservators and wood-oriented scientists. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Waterlogged Archaeological Wood

Waterlogged Archaeological Wood PDF Author: Charlotte Gjelstrup Björdal
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789157658760
Category : Wood
Languages : en
Pages : 70

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The Plant Stem

The Plant Stem PDF Author: Fritz H. Schweingruber
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319735241
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 207

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Book Description
This unique and attractive open access textbook combines the beauty of macroscopic pictures of plant stems with the corresponding colorfully stained images of anatomical micro-structures. In contrast to most botanical textbooks, it presents all the stem characteristics as photographs and shows the microscopic reality. The amount of text is reduced to a minimum, and the scientific information is highlighted with short legends and labeled photographs, allowing readers to focus on the pictures to easily understand how the anatomical structures relate to genetic, ecological, decomposition and technical influences. It includes a chapter devoted to simple anatomical preparation techniques, and further chapters showing the cell content, cell walls, meristematic tissues and stem structures of all major taxonomic units and morphological growth forms in various ecological and climatic regions from subarctic to equatorial latitudes, as well as structures of fossil, subfossil and technically altered wood. This textbook appeals to students and researchers in the fields of plant anatomy, taxonomy, ecology, dendrochronology, history, plant pathology, and evolutionary biology as well as to technologists.

Infrared and Raman Spectroscopic Imaging

Infrared and Raman Spectroscopic Imaging PDF Author: Reiner Salzer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527678158
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 656

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Book Description
This second edition of the successful ready reference is updated and revised with approximately 30% new content to reflect the numerous instrumental developments and improvements, as well as the significant expansion of this rapidly developing field. For example, the combination of IR imaging with AFM has enhanced the achievable lateral resolution by an order of magnitude down to a few hundred nanometers, thus launching a multiplicity of new applications in material science. Furthermore, Raman and IR spectroscopic imaging have become key technologies for the life sciences and today contribute tremendously to a better and more detailed understanding of numerous biological and medical research topics. The topical structure of this new edition is now subdivided into four parts. The first treats the fundamentals of the instrumentation for infrared and Raman imaging and mapping and an overview on the chemometric tools for image analysis. The second part describes a wide varie-ty of applications ranging from biomedical via food, agriculture and plants to polymers and pharmaceuticals. This is followed by a description of imaging techniques operating beyond the diffraction limit, while the final part covers special methodical developments and their utility in specific fields. With its many valuable practical tips, this is a must-have overview for researchers in academic and industrial laboratories wishing to obtain reliable results with this method.

Raman, Infrared, and Near-Infrared Chemical Imaging

Raman, Infrared, and Near-Infrared Chemical Imaging PDF Author: Slobodan Sasic
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118058259
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 572

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Book Description
An all-inclusive guide on the analytical methods of Raman, infrared, and near-infrared chemical imaging An underutilized technology, chemical imaging through Raman, infrared (IR), and near-infrared (NIR) is beginning to gain recognition for its non-destructive method of permitting visualization of spatially resolved chemical information. This type of analysis is triggering a groundswell of demand as manufactured materials become more complex and the need for greater scrutiny and less damaging research practices is at a premium. Concentrating on the applications of chemical imaging, this book presents a thorough background on the theory, software, and hardware employed in this analytical technique. With full examination of this rapidly growing field, this book: Combines many different aspects and applications into one comprehensive volume Discusses how chemical imaging techniques have expanded greatly in terms of instruments and applications, but have lagged in general awareness among scientists and industries that would benefit the most from them Describes chemical imaging uses in key areas—biomedical, pharmaceutical, food, and polymer research Has chapters that outline hardware and instrumentation for the different methods of chemical imaging Encapsulating analytic methods without complicating the subject matter, this book shows where chemical imaging has been successfully applied, inspiring researchers to cultivate the exciting capabilities rooted within this powerful and multifaceted technology.