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Author: Robert Allan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air pilots
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
Author: Robert Allan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air pilots
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
Author: YÜCEL BEYAZIT
Publisher: YÜCEL BEYAZIT
ISBN:
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Taking Precautions Against Fatigue in Aviation Pilot fatigue is a significant problem in modern aviation operations, largely because of the unpredictable work hours, long duty periods, circadian disruptions, and insufficient sleep that are commonplace in both civilian and military flight operations. The full impact of fatigue is often underappreciated, but many of its deleterious effects have long been known. Compared to people who are well-rested, people who are sleep deprived think and move more slowly, make more mistakes and have memory difficulties. These negative effects may and do lead to aviation errors and accidents. In the 1930s, flight time limitations suggested lay-over durations, and aircrew sleep recommendations were developed in an attempt to mitigate aircrew fatigue. Unfortunately, there have been few changes to aircrew scheduling provisions and flight time limitations since the time they were first introduced, despite evidence that updates are needed. Although the scientific understanding of fatigue, sleep, shift work, and circadian physiology has advanced significantly over the past several decades, current regulations and industry practices have in large part failed to adequately incorporate the new knowledge.
Author: Peter G. Roma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aviation medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
"Impaired performance induced by fatigue may compromise safety in commercial aviation. Given the direct role flight attendants play in passenger safety, the U.S. Congress ordered a comprehensive examination of fatigue in cabin crew, including a field study of actual flight operations. This report provides an overview of the field study results, focusing on objective measures of sleep patterns and neurocognitive performance (Psychomotor Vigilance Test, PVT) over a 3-4 week period in 202 U.S.-based flight attendants of all seniority levels working for network, low-cost, and regional carriers embarking on domestic and international flight operations. On average, flight attendants slept 6.3 hr on days off and 5.7 hr on work days, fell asleep 29 min after going to bed, awoke four times per sleep episode, and spent 77% of each episode actually sleeping. After controlling for reserve status, gender, and age, junior-level flight attendants had the shortest sleep latencies on their days off. Those working international operations slept significantly less (4.9 hr vs. 5.9 hr) and less efficiently (75% vs. 79%), compared with their colleagues in domestic operations. All flight attendants exhibited significant impairments during prework PVT tests when compared to their own optimum baseline performance. Across the workday, regional flight attendants committed fewer premature PVT responses, junior-level participants produced significantly higher post-work reaction times, and those working international flights produced better pre-work reaction times but had a greater increase in lapses. These objective data are consistent with other shift work research and echo subjective survey findings across the U.S. flight attendant community. Additional planned analyses of this dataset may identify the precise operational variables that contribute to fatigue in cabin crew."--Report documentation page.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 738
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Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air pilots
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Author: Marion Venus
Publisher: tredition
ISBN: 3347722124
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 301
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Book Description
The aim of this dissertation was to examine two so far separately considered complex constructs, fatigue and mental health, concerning a target group that has to cope with high stress, extraordinary workload, high risks and responsibility: professional pilots. The complexity of the psychophysiological construct fatigue should be highlighted. Potential correlations and interactions of stress with fatigue, sleep problems, mental health and well-being should be investigated. It seemed necessary to consider pilot fatigue not only in the context of sleep medicine, but also in context with the Theory of Allostasis, clinical, work psychology and burnout research. Studies one and two investigated, if our com-prehensive dataset of 406 pilots would support the Theory of Allostasis. Complex anal-yses confirmed that acute and chronic work-related and psychosocial stress were signifi-cantly associated with more psychophysiological wear and tear processes like high fa-tigue, sleep problems, impaired well-being and more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and CMD. The third study was a Qualitative Content Analysis of pilots' experiences, which perfectly confirmed the quantitative results of all five studies and the Theory of Allostasis. Studies 4, 5 and 6 compared groups of pilots. Australian pilots were slightly more affected than EASA-based pilots. Short-haul pilots of low-cost-carriers were most affected, reporting excessive fatigue, the most sleep problems, the most symptoms of depression, anxiety and CMD, and the most impaired well-being. These first six explora-tory studies have not received any funding but have identified important new research topics. These complex, new results should be the basis of future research regarding pi-lots' fatigue, health and flight safety in general. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation war es, zwei bisher getrennt betrachtete komplexe Konstrukte, Müdigkeit und psychische Gesundheit, in Bezug auf eine Zielgruppe zu untersuchen, die mit hohem Stress, außergewöhnlicher Arbeitsbelastung, hohen Risiken und Verantwortung fertig werden muss: Berufspiloten. Die Komplexität des psychophysiologischen Konstrukts Fatigue soll hervorgehoben werden. Mögliche Korrelationen und Wechselwirkungen von Stress mit Müdigkeit, Schlafproblemen, psychischer Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden sollten untersucht werden. Es schien notwendig, Pilotenmüdigkeit nicht nur im Kontext der Schlafmedizin, sondern auch im Zusammenhang mit der Theorie der Allostase, der klinischen, arbeitspsychologischen und Burnout-Forschung zu betrachten. Die Studien eins und zwei untersuchten, ob unser umfassender Datensatz von 406 Piloten die Theorie der Allostase stützen würde. Komplexe Analysen bestätigten, dass akuter und chronischer arbeitsbedingter und psychosozialer Stress signifikant mit mehr psychophysiologischen Verschleißprozessen wie hoher Erschöpfung, Schlafproblemen, beeinträchtigtem Wohlbefinden und mehr Symptomen von Depressionen, Angstzuständen und CMD assoziiert waren . Die dritte Studie war eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse der Erfahrungen von Piloten, die die quantitativen Ergebnisse aller fünf Studien und die Theorie der Allostase perfekt bestätigte. Die Studien 4, 5 und 6 verglichen Gruppen von Piloten. Australische Piloten waren etwas stärker betroffen als EASA-basierte Piloten. Kurzstreckenpiloten von Billigfliegern waren am stärksten betroffen und berichteten von übermäßiger Müdigkeit, den meisten Schlafproblemen, den meisten Symptomen von Depressionen, Angstzuständen und CMD sowie dem am stärksten beeinträchtigten Wohlbefinden. Diese ersten sechs explorativen Studien wurden nicht finanziert, haben aber wichtige neue Forschungsthemen identifiziert. Diese komplexen, neuen Ergebnisse sollten die Grundlage für zukünftige Forschungen zu Ermüdung, Gesundheit und Flugsicherheit von Piloten im Allgemeinen sein.
Author: David Gradwell
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1444179950
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 926
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Book Description
Ernsting's Aviation and Space Medicine applies current understanding in medicine, physiology and the behavioural sciences to the medical challenges and stresses that are faced by both civil and military aircrew, and their passengers, on a daily basis. The fifth edition of this established textbook has been revised and updated by a multi-disciplinar
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309305748
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
The potential for fatigue to negatively affect human performance is well established. Concern about this potential in the aviation context extends back decades, with both airlines and pilots agreeing that fatigue is a safety concern. A more recent consideration is whether and how pilot commuting, conducted in a pilot's off-duty time, may affect fatigue. The National Academy of Sciences was asked to review available information related to the prevalence and characteristics of pilot commuting; sleep, fatigue, and circadian rhythms; airline and regulatory oversight policies; and pilot and airline practices. This interim report summarizes the committee's review to date of the available information. The final report will present a final review, along with the committee's conclusions and recommendations based on the information available during its deliberations.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Author: Ann Donnla O'Hagan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Today's flight operations work on a pressurised 24/7 timetable as a result of the unrelenting escalation in international long-haul, short-haul, regional and overnight flights within commercial aviation. Air traffic around the world has doubled every 10 years for the last 30 years. Whilst there have been considerable advancements in aviation technology and operational demands, the human operators need for sleep remains. Commercial airline pilots are presently highly suspectible to sleep loss and fatigue due to these demanding, round-the- clock requirements. Whilst flight and duty time limitation regulations are in place to prevent pilot fatigue, they are not based on sound scientific evidence regarding their ability to do so. Furthermore, various European-based investigations have reported very high levels of sleep disruption and fatigue in European cockpits. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the influence of sleep deprivation and associated fatigue on incidents in flight and mental health and to investigate its effects on performance in commercial airline pilots. Firstly, this research found a critical pathway from duty hours through to self-reported incidents in flight with sleep disruption and feelings of fatigue in the cockpit found to be key factors contributing to this pathway (Study 1). This research also found very high incidences of self-reported sleep disturbance, feelings of fatigue in the cockpit, and consequential errors and incidents in flight as a result of fatigue. Further to this, self-reported sleep disruption and feelings of fatigue were also found to significantly influence pilots' self-reported perceived depression or anxiety with those who reported higher incidences of sleep disturbance and fatigue being more likely to report feeling depressed or anxious (Study 2). Additionally, 24 hours' sleep deprivation and subsequent fatigue was found to significantly impair mood and airline pilot core competencies, specifically cognitive flexibility, hand-eye coordination, multi-tasking ability, sustained attention, problem-solving, situation awareness and perceived workload with significant impairments becoming evident following 20 hours of continuous wakefulness (Study 3 & 4). Flying performance was not significantly impaired. Sleep disruption and fatigue is a highly serious and prevalent problem in European cockpits. It negatively impacts flight safety and pilot mental health and well-being. Further investigation in to the current flight and duty time limitation regulations as well as in to potential measures which could act as early detection and warning indicators of declining performance, as a result of sleep loss and fatigue, would enhance flight safety and promote pilot mental health and well-being.
