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Author: Mohamed Moudjahed
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 234
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Book Description
L'utilisation d'un réseau électrique au plus près de ses limites peut entraîner son instabilité en cas de perturbation. L'amortissement du système peut être obtenu par des moyens classiques de régulation de tension et de vitesse mais aussi par un SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage). Celui-ci fait partie des dispositifs FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) de plus en plus utilisés dans les réseaux électriques. Il est constitué d'une bobine supraconductrice associée à un convertisseur GTO de grande puissance. Il amortit les oscillations du réseau en échangeant avec ce dernier, par absorption ou fourniture selon les besoins du réseau, de la puissance active et/ou de la puissance réactive. Dans cette thèse, le réseau test retenu est un réseau de 3 machines et 9 nœuds. L'étude a montré qu'il est naturellement instable. L'influence de la régulation classique et celle du SMS sur le comportement du réseau soumis aux contraintes les plus sévères ont été examinées. L'action prépondérante du SMES sur celle de la régulation classique a été établie. Le choix d'utiliser le SMES comme régulateur de vitesse ou comme compensateur est fonction des problèmes spécifiques du réseau. La position optimale su SMES est généralement proche des machines à risques. Dans ce cas, la fonction prédominante du SMES est celle liée à sa régulation de puissance. Dans le cas où aucune machine particulière n'a d'influence prédominante sur la stabilité du réseau, le SMES est connecté à un nœud voisin des points faibles du réseau. Il fonctionne alors comme compensateur statique et participe au réglage de la stabilité en tension.
Author: Mohamed Moudjahed
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 234
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Book Description
L'utilisation d'un réseau électrique au plus près de ses limites peut entraîner son instabilité en cas de perturbation. L'amortissement du système peut être obtenu par des moyens classiques de régulation de tension et de vitesse mais aussi par un SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage). Celui-ci fait partie des dispositifs FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) de plus en plus utilisés dans les réseaux électriques. Il est constitué d'une bobine supraconductrice associée à un convertisseur GTO de grande puissance. Il amortit les oscillations du réseau en échangeant avec ce dernier, par absorption ou fourniture selon les besoins du réseau, de la puissance active et/ou de la puissance réactive. Dans cette thèse, le réseau test retenu est un réseau de 3 machines et 9 nœuds. L'étude a montré qu'il est naturellement instable. L'influence de la régulation classique et celle du SMS sur le comportement du réseau soumis aux contraintes les plus sévères ont été examinées. L'action prépondérante du SMES sur celle de la régulation classique a été établie. Le choix d'utiliser le SMES comme régulateur de vitesse ou comme compensateur est fonction des problèmes spécifiques du réseau. La position optimale su SMES est généralement proche des machines à risques. Dans ce cas, la fonction prédominante du SMES est celle liée à sa régulation de puissance. Dans le cas où aucune machine particulière n'a d'influence prédominante sur la stabilité du réseau, le SMES est connecté à un nœud voisin des points faibles du réseau. Il fonctionne alors comme compensateur statique et participe au réglage de la stabilité en tension.
Author: International Energy Agency
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 9264108831
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Hydrogen and fuel cells are vital technologies to ensure a secure and CO2-free energy future. Their development will take decades of extensive public and private effort to achieve technology breakthroughs and commercial maturity. Government research programs are indispensable for catalyzing the development process. This report maps the IEA countries' current efforts to research, develop and deploy the interlocking elements that constitute a "hydrogen economy", including CO2 capture and storage when hydrogen is produced out of fossil fuels. It provides an overview of what is being done, and by whom, covering an extensive complexity of national government R & D programs. The survey highlights the potential for exploiting the benefits of the international cooperation. This book draws primarily upon information contributed by IEA governments. In virtually all the IEA countries, important R & D and policy efforts on hydrogen and fuel cells are in place and expanding. Some are fully-integrated, government-funded programs, some are a key element in an overall strategy spread among multiple public and private efforts. The large amount of information provided in this publication reflects the vast array of technologies and logistics required to build the "hydrogen economy."--Publisher description.
Author: Jinyue Yan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118388585
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4038
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Book Description
The Handbook of Clean Energy Systems brings together an international team of experts to present a comprehensive overview of the latest research, developments and practical applications throughout all areas of clean energy systems. Consolidating information which is currently scattered across a wide variety of literature sources, the handbook covers a broad range of topics in this interdisciplinary research field including both fossil and renewable energy systems. The development of intelligent energy systems for efficient energy processes and mitigation technologies for the reduction of environmental pollutants is explored in depth, and environmental, social and economic impacts are also addressed. Topics covered include: Volume 1 - Renewable Energy: Biomass resources and biofuel production; Bioenergy Utilization; Solar Energy; Wind Energy; Geothermal Energy; Tidal Energy. Volume 2 - Clean Energy Conversion Technologies: Steam/Vapor Power Generation; Gas Turbines Power Generation; Reciprocating Engines; Fuel Cells; Cogeneration and Polygeneration. Volume 3 - Mitigation Technologies: Carbon Capture; Negative Emissions System; Carbon Transportation; Carbon Storage; Emission Mitigation Technologies; Efficiency Improvements and Waste Management; Waste to Energy. Volume 4 - Intelligent Energy Systems: Future Electricity Markets; Diagnostic and Control of Energy Systems; New Electric Transmission Systems; Smart Grid and Modern Electrical Systems; Energy Efficiency of Municipal Energy Systems; Energy Efficiency of Industrial Energy Systems; Consumer Behaviors; Load Control and Management; Electric Car and Hybrid Car; Energy Efficiency Improvement. Volume 5 - Energy Storage: Thermal Energy Storage; Chemical Storage; Mechanical Storage; Electrochemical Storage; Integrated Storage Systems. Volume 6 - Sustainability of Energy Systems: Sustainability Indicators, Evaluation Criteria, and Reporting; Regulation and Policy; Finance and Investment; Emission Trading; Modeling and Analysis of Energy Systems; Energy vs. Development; Low Carbon Economy; Energy Efficiencies and Emission Reduction. Key features: Comprising over 3,500 pages in 6 volumes, HCES presents a comprehensive overview of the latest research, developments and practical applications throughout all areas of clean energy systems, consolidating a wealth of information which is currently scattered across a wide variety of literature sources. In addition to renewable energy systems, HCES also covers processes for the efficient and clean conversion of traditional fuels such as coal, oil and gas, energy storage systems, mitigation technologies for the reduction of environmental pollutants, and the development of intelligent energy systems. Environmental, social and economic impacts of energy systems are also addressed in depth. Published in full colour throughout. Fully indexed with cross referencing within and between all six volumes. Edited by leading researchers from academia and industry who are internationally renowned and active in their respective fields. Published in print and online. The online version is a single publication (i.e. no updates), available for one-time purchase or through annual subscription.
Author: Nehemiah Hawkins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 513
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Book Description
Author: Canada. Patent Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Copyright
Languages : en
Pages : 1070
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Book Description
Author: P Mansfield
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323154069
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
NMR Imaging in Biomedicine: Advances in Magnetic Resonance discusses significant advances in NMR imaging and its application to the field of biomedicine. This book is organized into 10 chapters that cover the classification, methods, imaging regimes, and the potential use of NMR imaging in medicine. After discussing the basic theoretical ideas of NMR and its application to NMR imaging, this book presents mathematical analyses of the various NMR techniques, focusing primarily on the comparison in terms of imaging speed and data-acquisition rate. It also covers a number of practical ranges or imaging regimes in terms of sensitivity, sample size, and operating frequency. Significant topics on potential application of NMR imaging in medicine, apparatus requirements in the instrumentation of NMR imaging machines, and the principles of biomagnetic effects are discussed in other chapters. The considered biomagnetic effects are categorized into three main groups: the effects of static magnetic fields, the effects of relatively slow varying time-dependent fields, and radio-frequency magnetic fields. This book is of great value to radiologists, medical physicists, neuroradiologists, anatomists, physiologists, and postgraduate students of NMR imaging.
Author: Dominik Weishaupt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540378456
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
A succinct introduction to the physics and function of magnetic resonance imaging with an emphasis on practical information. This thoroughly revised second edition is clearly structured. The underlying physical principles of the MR experiment are described and the basic pulse sequences commonly used in clinical MRI. It progresses to more advanced techniques such as parallel imaging and cardiovascular MR imaging. An extensive glossary offers rapid access to MRI terminology and will help those seeking to understand this interesting fascinating subject.
Author: Vadim Kuperman
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080535704
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 197
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Book Description
This book is intended as a text/reference for students, researchers, and professors interested in physical and biomedical applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Both the theoretical and practical aspects of MRI are emphasized. The book begins with a comprehensive discussion of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) phenomenon based on quantum mechanics and the classical theory of electromagnetism. The first three chapters of this book provide the foundation needed to understand the basic characteristics of MR images, e.g.,image contrast, spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, common image artifacts. Then MRI applications are considered in the following five chapters. Both the theoretical and practical aspects of MRI are emphasized. The book ends with a discussion of instrumentation and the principles of signal detection in MRI. - Clear progression from fundamental physical principles of NMR to MRI and its applications - Extensive discussion of image acquisition and reconstruction of MRI - Discussion of different mechanisms of MR image contrast - Mathematical derivation of the signal-to-noise dependence on basic MR imaging parameters as well as field strength - In-depth consideration of artifacts in MR images - Comprehensive discussion of several techniques used for rapid MR imaging including rapid gradient-echo imaging, echo-planar imaging, fast spin-echo imaging and spiral imaging - Qualitative discussion combined with mathematical description of MR techniques for imaging flow
Author: Robert W. Brown
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471720852
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 976
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Book Description
New edition explores contemporary MRI principles and practices Thoroughly revised, updated and expanded, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design remains the preeminent text in its field. Using consistent nomenclature and mathematical notations throughout all the chapters, this new edition carefully explains the physical principles of magnetic resonance imaging design and implementation. In addition, detailed figures and MR images enable readers to better grasp core concepts, methods, and applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Second Edition begins with an introduction to fundamental principles, with coverage of magnetization, relaxation, quantum mechanics, signal detection and acquisition, Fourier imaging, image reconstruction, contrast, signal, and noise. The second part of the text explores MRI methods and applications, including fast imaging, water-fat separation, steady state gradient echo imaging, echo planar imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and induced magnetism. Lastly, the text discusses important hardware issues and parallel imaging. Readers familiar with the first edition will find much new material, including: New chapter dedicated to parallel imaging New sections examining off-resonance excitation principles, contrast optimization in fast steady-state incoherent imaging, and efficient lower-dimension analogues for discrete Fourier transforms in echo planar imaging applications Enhanced sections pertaining to Fourier transforms, filter effects on image resolution, and Bloch equation solutions when both rf pulse and slice select gradient fields are present Valuable improvements throughout with respect to equations, formulas, and text New and updated problems to test further the readers' grasp of core concepts Three appendices at the end of the text offer review material for basic electromagnetism and statistics as well as a list of acquisition parameters for the images in the book. Acclaimed by both students and instructors, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging offers the most comprehensive and approachable introduction to the physics and the applications of magnetic resonance imaging.
Author: Arnulf Oppelt
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3895786691
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 996
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Book Description
The book provides a comprehensive compilation of fundamentals, technical solutions and applications for medical imaging systems. It is intended as a handbook for students in biomedical engineering, for medical physicists, and for engineers working on medical technologies, as well as for lecturers at universities and engineering schools. For qualified personnel at hospitals, and physicians working with these instruments it serves as a basic source of information. This also applies for service engineers and marketing specialists. The book starts with the representation of the physical basics of image processing, implying some knowledge of Fourier transforms. After that, experienced authors describe technical solutions and applications for imaging systems in medical diagnostics. The applications comprise the fields of X-ray diagnostics, computed tomography, nuclear medical diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging, sonography, molecular imaging and hybrid systems. Considering the increasing importance of software based solutions, emphasis is also laid on the imaging software platform and hospital information systems.
