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Languages : de
Pages : 27
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Languages : de
Pages : 27
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Author: Vishnu B. Subrahmanyam
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Category : Alpha decay
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Author: Max Wilmer Hill
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Category : Delayed neutrons
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Author: W. Wayne Meinke
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Category : Protactinium
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Languages : en
Pages :
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The alpha decay of Pa/sup 231/, Pa/sup 229/, Pa/sup 227/, and Ac/sup 223/ w as studied by an alpha-particle --gamma-ray coincidence technique. A 180 deg double-focusing spectrograph or goldsilicon solid-state detectors for alpha analysis and a sodium iodide (Tl-activated) scintillation crystals for gamma-ray detection were used. The ground states of Pa/sup 227/ and Pa/sup 229/ are shown to be populated by 5.46- and 5.73-Mev alpha particles, respectively. The rotational bands populated in the decay of Pa/sup 231/ are interpreted as being based on octupole vibrational levels predicted by the Bohr -Mottelson strong- coupling model. Modified decay schemes are presented. It is suggested that in odd-proton nuclei, the permanent nuclear deformation starts closer to the closed shell than in the even-even nuclei. A new alpha group at 5.47 Mev is noted in the alpha decay of Ac/sup 233/. No rotational structure is observed in the levels populated. Evidence is presented for the presence of two additional levels populated in the alpha decay of Pa/sup 231/. 40 references. (auth).
Author: Stanley Gerald Thompson
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Category : Alpha decay
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Some time ago we started work in an attempt to observe alpha-particle decay in isotopes of atomic number less than 83. In the first experiments, thin targets of gold leaf were bombarded with 190-Mev deuterons in the 184-inch cyclotron. Two alpha-decay periods were observed in these targets; one of 0.7 minutes half-life and another of 4.3 minutes half-life. The alpha-particle energies were 5.7 and 5.2 Mev, respectively. Chemical separations proved that the 4.3-minute period is due to a gold isotope and suggested that the 0.7-minute period is due to a mercury isotope. The mass numbers of these new isotopes have not been determined. However, the results of excitation-functions in the production of the gold isotope by bombarding gold and platinum with protons suggest that its mass number lies in the range 185-188. The work on this isotope indicates that the alpha to electron capture branching ratio is of the order of magnitude of 10−4, and that positron activity accompanies the 4.3-minute alpha-period.
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Languages : en
Pages :
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A study was made of the radiations of the protactinium isotopes Pa/sup 227/, Pa/sup 228/, Pa/sup 225/, Pa/sup 230/, Pa/sup 232/, Pa/sup 233/ as well as Ac/sup 223/, and Ac/sup 224/, with primary emphasis placed on the investigation of the aipha-decay spectra with highresolution alpha-particle spectrographs. Decay schemes are presented in each case, and are interpreted where ever possible in terms of current theoretical nuclear models. The collective model of Bohr and Mottelson finds wide application in most csses, although the complexity of the decay schemes leaves certain features unexplained. (auth).
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Languages : en
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As part of the program for obtaining data to extend the scope of the systematics of alpha-radioactivity and to obtain more data pertaining to the energy surface in the heavy region of elements, they have made some pertinent new measurements on protactinium isotopes. The heaviest isotope of protactinium hitherto reported is that of mass 234 and hence it would be of interest to know the beta-emission properties of heavier isotopes in order to tie them in with the known radioactive data in this general region. Since low-energy deuteron bombardment of U238 might be expected to lead to Pa235 and Pa236 by (d, [alpha]n) and (d, [alpha]) reactions and proton bombardment to Pa235 by the (p, [alpha]) reaction, these irradiations were made in the 60-inch cyclotron at energies of 19 and 9.5 Mev, respectively. The protactinium was chemically separated following the bombardment of natural uranium by a procedure which involved a number of manganese dioxide cycles coupled with extractions of protactinium from aqueous into organic solvents. The manganese dioxide cycles consisted of precipitating this compound from the solution of uranium in nitric acid, followed by centrifugation, dissolution of the solid with hydroxylamine solution, dilution, and reprecipitation. The dissolved precipitate from the last cycle was acidified, salted with ammonium nitrate, and the protactinium extracted with diisopropyl ketone, several washings with salted solutions being made to insure good separation from fission products. The protactinium was then washed back into a low acidity aqueous solution and after acidification was extracted into a benzene solution of thenoyltrifluoroacetone which forms a complex ion with the protactinium. This solution was then evaporated to dryness on a platinum counting plate leaving a weightless deposit of protactinium.
Author: George William Clarkson Kaye
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Author: Ong Ping Hok
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Category : Beta rays
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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