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Languages : es
Pages : 176
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 176
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : es
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Author: Universitat de València. Facultat de Física
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Languages : es
Pages : 250
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Author: María Mercedes Tejedor Aibar
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Languages : es
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Languages : en
Pages :
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RESUMEN La segmentación de imágenes es una técnica que tiene como finalidad dividir una imagen en un conjunto de regiones, asignando a cada objeto en la escena una o varias regiones. Para obtener una segmentación correcta, cada una de las regiones debe cumplir con un criterio de homogeneidad impuesto a priori. Cuando se fija un criterio de homogeneidad, lo que implícitamente se esta haciendo es asumir un modelo matemático que caracteriza las regiones. En esta tesis se introduce un nuevo tipo de modelo denominado modelo jerárquico, ya que tiene dos niveles diferentes sobrepuestos uno sobre el otro. El nivel inferior (o subyacente) modela la posición que ocupa cada una de las regiones dentro de la imagen; mientras que, por su parte, el nivel superior (u observable) esta compuesto por un conjunto de submodelos independientes (un submodelo por región) que caracterizan el comportamiento del interior de las regiones. Para el primero se usa un campo aleatorio Markoviano de orden dos que modelara los contornos de las regiones, mientras que para el segundo nivel se usa un modelo Gausiano. En el trabajo se estudian los mejores potenciales que deben asignarse a los tipos de agrupaciones que permiten definir los contornos. Con todo ello la segmentación se realiza buscando la partición más probable (criterio MAP) para una realización concreta (imagen observable). El proceso de búsqueda de la partición optima para imágenes del tamaño habitual seria prácticamente inviable desde un punto de vista de tiempo de cálculo. Para que se pueda realizar debe partirse de una estimación inicial suficientemente buena y de una algoritmo rápido de mejora como es una búsqueda local. Para ello se introduce la técnica de segmentación piramidal (multirresolucion). La pirámide se genera con filtrado Gausiano y diezmado. En el nivel mas alto de la pirámide, al tener pocos píxels, si que se puede encontrar la partición óptima.
Author: Laura Llamazares Ordás
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 380
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Author: Magd Abdel Wahab
Publisher: DEStech Publications, Inc
ISBN: 1605950963
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Scientific background and practical methods for modeling adhered joints Tools for analyzing stress, fracture, fatigue crack propagation, thermal, diffusion and coupled thermal-stress/diffusion-stress, as well as life prediction of joints Book includes access to downloadable macrofiles for ANSYS This text investigates the mechanics of adhesively bonded composite and metallic joints using finite element analysis, and more specifically, ANSYS, the basics of which are presented. The book provides engineers and scientists with the technical know-how to simulate a variety of adhesively bonded joints using ANSYS. It explains how to model stress, fracture, fatigue crack propagation, thermal, diffusion and coupled field analysis of the following: single lap, double lap, lap strap/cracked lap shear, butt and cantilevered beam joints. Readers receive free digital access to a variety of input and program data, which can be downloaded as macrofiles for modeling with ANSYS.
Author: Jose A. Castellanos
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146154405X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
During the last decade, many researchers have dedicated their efforts to constructing revolutionary machines and to providing them with forms of artificial intelligence to perform some of the most hazardous, risky or monotonous tasks historically assigned to human beings. Among those machines, mobile robots are undoubtedly at the cutting edge of current research directions. A rough classification of mobile robots can be considered: on the one hand, mobile robots oriented to human-made indoor environments; on the other hand, mobile robots oriented to unstructured outdoor environments, which could include flying oriented robots, space-oriented robots and underwater robots. The most common motion mechanism for surface mobile robots is the wheel-based mechanism, adapted both to flat surfaces, found in human-made environments, and to rough terrain, found in outdoor environments. However, some researchers have reported successful developments with leg-based mobile robots capable of climbing up stairs, although they require further investigation. The research work presented here focuses on wheel-based mobile robots that navigate in human-made indoor environments. The main problems described throughout this book are: Representation and integration of uncertain geometric information by means of the Symmetries and Perturbations Model (SPmodel). This model combines the use of probability theory to represent the imprecision in the location of a geometric element, and the theory of symmetries to represent the partiality due to characteristics of each type of geometric element. A solution to the first location problem, that is, the computation of an estimation for the mobile robot location when the vehicle is completely lost in the environment. The problem is formulated as a search in an interpretation tree using efficient matching algorithms and geometric constraints to reduce the size of the solution space. The book proposes a new probabilistic framework adapted to the problem of simultaneous localization and map building for mobile robots: the Symmetries and Perturbations Map (SPmap). This framework has been experimentally validated by a complete experiment which profited from ground-truth to accurately validate the precision and the appropriateness of the approach. The book emphasizes the generality of the solutions proposed to the different problems and their independence with respect to the exteroceptive sensors mounted on the mobile robot. Theoretical results are complemented by real experiments, where the use of multisensor-based approaches is highlighted.
